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Presentation
Design of Concrete Structures – I Sessional
Detailing of different types of Reinforced Column
Presented by:
141012
141013
141014 Presented to:
141015 Prof.Dr.Md.Mozammel Hoque
141016 &
141017 Mr.Md.Suman Mia
141018 Lecturer
141019 CIVIL ENGINEERING
141020 DEPARTMENT, DUET
141021
141022
Objective
 Toprovide proper size of column and
proper placement of reinforcement
according to Code.
Columns
 # Columns are define as a member that carry loads in compression.
 Also shear and bending may carry or not.
 It also transfer load of its below structures.
 Column
Criteria which fulfill by any RC
column
 1. Strength.
 # Mainly axial force.
 2. Serviceability.
 3.Economics.
 4.Durability etc.
Governing force
 The main force which is subjected to any structures is

called the governing force.
 Axial force is the governing force of column.

Types of COLUMNs
1.Based on Loading-
a)Axially loaded columns,
b)Eccentrically loaded columns,
c)Bi-axially loaded columns,
2.Based on Length-
a)Short columns,
b)Long columns.
3.Based on Shape-
Square , Rectangular , Round , L-shaped,T-shape etc.
4.Based on ties-
a) Tied column, b) Spiral column
### Other types: Composite Column, Combination Column , steel pipe.
Size of columns
 Rectangular column : (BNBC-8.3.5.1)

 The shortest cross sectional dimension shall not be less than 300 mm.
 The ratio of the longest cross sectional dimension to the perpendicular
dimension shall not be more than 2.5.
 Circular column :
 The cross sectional diameter should not less than 300 mm.
 D≥300 mm
Types of the reinforcement in
Column
 1.Longitudinal reinforcement.
 2.Transverse reinforcement.
 a) Tie bar.
 b) Spiral reinforcement.
Function of Reinforcement
 Longitudinal reinforcement:
 1. Used to fulfill the strength criteria.
 2.To control temperature stresses.
 Lateral reinforcement:
 1. Ties reduce buckling.
 2. Ties provide restrain to shear failure.
 3.To contain concrete in the column core if the
column cracks or buckles to prevent sudden brittle
failure.
 4.Spiral restrains laterally axial load – delays

failure.
 5.To hold the longitudinal bars in position in the
forms while the concrete is being placed.
Minimum longitudinal bars of
column
 According to BNBC -6.3.6.3
 1. Use minimum 6 bars in circular arrangement enclosed by spiral
reinforcement.
 2. For tie reinforcement use minimum 4 bars in rectangular or circular
arrangement and minimum 3 bars in triangular arrangement.
Mix up of bars
 Generally more
then two different
size of longitudinal
reinforcement
should not be
used.
Steel Ratio
 #According to ACI-10.9.1
 Steel Ratio , ρ =(A st ∕ Ag )

 Here , Ast = Area of reinforcement.

 Ag = Gross area of section.
 ## According to BNBC steel ratio varies between 1% to 6%

for earthquake resisting & 1% to 8% for general.
 But usually steel ratio 4% to 5% used in Bangladesh.
Minimum lateral reinforcement of
Column
 For Ties:(ACI-7.10.5.1)
 For nonprestressed concrete –(a) If longitudinal bar is used # 10 or less than
#10,then tie bars shall be used #3 (10 mm).
 (b) If longitudinal bar is used # 11, # 14, # 18 or
bundled bars, then tie bars shall be used # 4.
 Spiral reinforcement:
 Generally # 3 bars is used as spiral reinforcement.
Space required for Tie bar & Spacing
(Considering Earthquake)
 According to BNBC-8.3.10.5)
 1.The length lo shall not be less
than (a) One–sixth of the clear
height of the column (b) The
maximum cross sectional
dimension of the column or(c) 450
mm.
 2.The spacing So shall not exceed
(a) 8 times the diameter of the
smallest longitudinal bar enclosed
(b)24 times of the diameter of the
tie bar,(c) one –half of the
smallest cross sectional dimension
of the frame member,(d) 300 mm.
Specification of Tie bar
 According to BNBC-8.3.10.5:
 The first tie shall be located not more than (So/2) from the joint face.
 Tie spacing shall not exceed 2So throughout the length of the member.
Minimum spacing for lateral
reinforcement of Column
 For ties:(ACI-7.10.5.2)
 1. Vertical spacing of ties shall not exceed 16 times of diameter of
longitudinal bars.
 2.Vertical spacing of ties shall not exceed 48 times of diameter of tie
bars.
 3. Least lateral dimension of column.
 For spirals:
 Pitch 1” to 3”. Pitch
Tie and Spiral
arrangement
Bend and Hooks
6db
Bend : Diameter of bend measured on
the inside of the bar , other than for
stirrups and ties in sizes #3 and # 5, shall
not be less than the values in the following
table (According to ACI-7.2)
Bar Size Minimum Diameter
#3 through #8 6 db
#9,#10,#11 8 db
#14 & # 18 10 db
Hook : (According ACI-7.1.3)

1) #5 bar and smaller , 90-degree bend
plus 6db extension at free end of bar
2)#6,#7,#8, 90-degree bend plus 12db
extension at free end of bar .
3) #8 bar and smaller ,135-degree bend
plus 6db extension at free end of bar .
Lapping considering Earthquake
 According to BNBC-8.3.10
 The spacing So shall not
exceed (a) 8 times the
diameter of the smallest
longitudinal bar enclosed
(b)24 times of the diameter
of the tie bar,(c) one –half
of the smallest cross
sectional dimension of the
frame member,(d) 300 mm.
Bar slice of column
Covering of Column
 ## Minimum clear span between two longitudinal bars in column

should be larger than 1.5 times of bar dia or 1.33 times of C.A.
or 1 inch.
 Covering: According to ACI-7.7.4
 a)Covering below earth should be 3 inch when cast

against earth and 2.5 inch when formwork is used.
 b)For exposed in weather covering should be 2 inch.
 c)For unexposed in weather covering should be 1 inch.
Provision of Bundled bar
 According to ACI-7.6.6 :
 1.Groups of parallel reinforcing bars

bundled in contact
to act as a unit shall be limited to four in
any one bundle.
 2.Bundled bars shall be enclosed within

stirrups or ties.
Provision of Offset bar
 According to ACI-7.8.1
 1.Slope of inclined portion of an offset bar
with axis of column shall not exceed 1 in 6.
 2.Portions of bar above and below an offset
shall be parallel to axis of column.
 3.Horizontal support at offset bends shall be
provided by lateral ties , spirals, or parts of
the floor construction.
Anchorage and Development length
 Development length is the

length of the bar required to
transfer stress from
reinforcement to concrete.
 Anchorage length is provided

if sufficient development
length can’t be able to be
provided inside the support /
fixed end.
Formwork for Column
Failure of Column
 1.RC columns ,like most slender columns will

typically fail due to buckling . Buckling may
take place due to an concentric load
exceeding the critical buckling load.
 2.Columns can also fail due to lateral
loading.
Typical Detailing of Column

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 The main force which is subjected to any structures is

 Axial force is the governing force of column.

 Rectangular column : (BNBC-8.3.5.1)

 4.Spiral restrains laterally axial load – delays

 Here , Ast = Area of reinforcement.

 ## According to BNBC steel ratio varies between 1% to 6%

Hook : (According ACI-7.1.3)

 ## Minimum clear span between two longitudinal bars in column

 Covering: According to ACI-7.7.4

 a)Covering below earth should be 3 inch when cast

 1.Groups of parallel reinforcing bars

 2.Bundled bars shall be enclosed within

 Development length is the

 Anchorage length is provided

 1.RC columns ,like most slender columns will

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