2 Foundations of Morallity Students Reviewer

MORALITY :
A FILIPINO UNDERSTANDING
•Our sense of morality as
Filipinos seems to be influenced
by two factors :
1.What we believe, based on our
religious inclinations, and
2.Our perception of how others
judge us.
RELIGIOUS ORIENTATIONS
• The Filipino people are part of a nation
with strong religious inclinations.
Although there exist in our country
diverse religious beliefs, monotheism
or the belief in one God is dominant in
these religions. With this in mind, we
could say that our view of morality and
what we value is strongly linked to our
religious beliefs.
• Our religions have tenets,
doctrines, and dogmas based on
the Holy Scriptures and the
interpretations of our religious
leaders. We are conscientious of
religious rites, obligations and
practices. We abide by them
because we consider ourselves
faithful.
• Fr. Jaime Bulatao, S.J (1960), a Catholic
priest and a professor of Human
Behavior, coined the term “split level”
Christians for this inconsistent behavior.
For Filipinos, there seem to be a big
disparity between what we ought to do
and what we are doing . There might be a
crisis in faith because most of us are
failing to emulate the true values of our
religious inclination.
Perception of
How Others Judge Us
Perception of How Others Judge Us
• According to Fr. Vitaliano Gorospe S.J
(1996) The Filipino conscience seems
more external than it is internal. That our
judgment of good and bad, right and
wrong is strongly impressed on us by our
social environment or the presence of
others and not by what we cognitively
believe to be good or bad, right or
wrong.
Perception of How Others Judge Us
• Bluntly we tend to do things and

behave in certain ways based on
how others may judge us.
• The construct of “hiya” takes center
stage for explaining Filipino
behavior
The Moral Agent:
Developing Virtue as a Habit
•What is Moral Character?
•Character refers to a set of
qualities that make us
unique and standout from
the others.
The Moral Agent:
Developing Virtue as a Habit
•In the context of morality,
having a good moral character
will help us adapt to our
environment for us to realize
our potentials and fulfill our
nature.
• According to Alan Zimmerman, a
person with a good moral character
described as someone :
• With the right values : We should
know what is important for us and
should live our lives based on the
things that we value. People differ in
what they value and in different
degrees.
In the context of morality,
having a good moral
character means, we
value “goodness and
being good” more.
•Who does the right thing
It is sometimes difficult to do the
right thing especially if
everybody else is doing
otherwise. To risk being
unpopular because you did what
you think you ought to do is a
measure of character.
•There is no way for a
wrong deed to be done
right,
•and there is never a
wrong time to do the
right deed.
Who is considered to be the
right kind of person
•Gordon H. Taggart (1916-1997)

is an inspirational writer who
described eleven characteristics
of the right kind of person:
•Honest enough to
admit shortcomings.
•Brilliant enough to
accept flattery without
making him arrogant.
•Tall enough to tower
above deceit.
•Strong enough to
treasure love.
•Brave enough to
welcome criticism.
•Compassionate
enough to understand
human frailties.
•Wise enough to
recognize his
mistakes.
•Humble enough to
appreciate
greatness.
•Reliable enough to
stand by his
friends.
•Human enough to
be thoughtful of his
neighbor.
•Righteous enough
to be devoted to the
love of God.
DETERMINANTS OF A
MORAL CHARACTER
DETERMINANTS OF A MORAL CHARACTER
• Native Traits. These are the

generic characteristics that had
been passed down to us through
the generation. Hereditary traits
may have an impact on our
choices and decisions predisposing
us toward certain actions.
DETERMINANTS OF A MORAL CHARACTER
• Early Childhood Development.

Studies in the social science have
revealed that we are strongly
influence to conform with the
culture that surrounds us. If this is
so, the influence will be strongest
when we were children.
•According to Plato, the
very young have no pre-
existing values and
disposition.
•Our absorbent minds would
accept the belief and values
culture creates for us.
•Surrounding Culture- As
we grow and develop, we are
continuously exposed to
many factors in our
environment that play a
major part into the kind of
person we become.
• Some of these factors are:
• important adults in our lives, whose
behavior we model,
• the influence of our peers,
• the news and social media,
• the teaching of schools
• religious institutions
• and the general physical and social
environment.
•Aside from the factors
mentioned above, two other
factor that impact the
development of moral
character are age and gender.
• Age- As we advance in age, we
become exposed to various aspects
and experiences in the environment.
Such events when experienced at
point of a critical period in our
development tend to leave a mark
that impacts our character and
influence how we perceive ourselves
and our surroundings.
• Gender. Society considers gender
(male/female or otherwise) an
important factor in determining
social behavior.
• We are, therefore, expected to
conduct ourselves according to the
roles of our gender.
MORAL DEVELOPMENT
•Moral development is a
lifelong process through which
we, humans, acquire our
beliefs attitudes and values
with the goal of making us
morally mature and enabling
us to live comfortably with
others.
• Lawrence Kohlberg was the psychologist
who proposed the theory of the Stage of
Moral Development.
• According to Kohlberg as people grow and
develop, they passed through a series of
stages that would influence their sense of
justice and affect how they rationalize their
moral judgments.
•He believed that correct
moral reasoning was the
key factor in moral
decision making.
Lawrence Kohlberg’s Stage of
Moral Development
• Kohlberg, who are inspired by the
study done by Jean Piaget (a Swiss
Psychologist) on Cognitive
Development developed the theory
of the Stage of Moral
Development.
Lawrence Kohlberg’s
Stage of Moral Development
His theory showed that moral
development has three levels:
•Pre-conventional
•Conventional
•and Post-conventional.
The Preconventional Level
In this level, the moral choice is
based on the possible
consequence of the behavior.
•Consequences may range from
rewards, punishment or as
result of favors
•Stage 1
•Punishment Orientation-
The reasons for the choice
of behavior given are based
on the possibility of
punishment.
•Stage 2
•Pleasure-seeking Orientation
•The reasons for the choice of
behavior are based on one’s
own need or self- interest and
disregard the important virtues
of loyalty, gratitude or justice.
The Conventional Level
In this level, reason for the choice

of behavior are based on the
desire to please others or to
conform to rules and accepted
social values.
• Stage 3. Good Boy/ Good Girl
Orientation
• The reasons for the choice of
behavior emphasize being “nice.”
The basis for good behavior is its
capacity to please others, thereby
acquiring the approval of the
group.
•Stage 4
•Authority Orientation. The
reason for the choice of
behavior is to uphold the law ,
do one’s duty and follow social
rules
The Post Conventional Level
The reasons for the choice of

behavior is based on self accepted
moral principle.
• Stage 5
• Social Contract Orientation
• The reasons for the choice of behavior
is based on personal standard and
acceptance of rules.
•In this stage , however , there is
possibility that some rules may be
questioned for in some cases the rules
may be wrong.
• Stage 6
• Morality of Individual Principles. This is
the highest stage of Kohlberg’s Moral
Development. The reasons for the choice of
behavior is guided by self-chosen universal
ethical principles.
• The person strongly value justice ,
dignity, and equality and integrate these
into his understanding of morality which
to him are more important than the law of
the land.

2 Foundations of Morallity Students Reviewer

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

2 Foundations of Morallity Students Reviewer

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

2 Foundations of Morallity Students Reviewer

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MORALITY :

• Bluntly we tend to do things and

•Gordon H. Taggart (1916-1997)

• Native Traits. These are the

• Early Childhood Development.

In this level, reason for the choice

The reasons for the choice of

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.