Bba 104

The Rebirth of
Group 3
Freedom
Sr. Jen & Bianca
Historical Background
The Americans returned in 1945.

Filipinos rejoiced and guerrillas who
fled to the mountain joined the
liberating American Army.
On July 4, 1946, the Philippines

regained is freedom and the Filipino
flag waved joyously alone. The
chains were broken.
Palanca
Awards
Another inspiration for
writers in Filipino was the
launching of the Palanca
Memorial Awards for
literature headed by
Carlos Palanca Sr. in
1950. (Until now, the
awards are still being
given although the man
who founded it has
Carlos Palanca passed away). The
Memorial Awards awards were given to
for
Literature
writers of short stories,
plays and poetry.
Palanca
Awards
The first awardees in its
first year, (1950-51) short
story were the following:
First Prize:
KUWENTO NI MABUTI
by Genoveva Edroza
Carlos Palanca
Memorial Awards
for
Literature
Palanca
Awards
first year, (1950-51)
short story were the
following:
Second Prize:
MABANGIS NA
KAMAY…MAAMONG
Carlos Palanca
KAMAY
Memorial Awards
for
by Pedro S. Dandan
Literature
Palanca
Awards
first year, (1950-51) short
story were the following:
Third Prize:
PLANETA, BUWAN AT MGA
Carlos Palanca
BITUIN
Memorial Awards by Elpidio P. Kapulong
for
Literature
Poetry
For the first twenty years, many
books were published…both in
Filipino and in English.
Among the writers during this time were:

Fred Ruiz Castro, Dominador I. Ilio,
and C.B. Rigor.
Some notable works of the peri
1. HEART OF THE ISLANDS
(1947) –a collection of poems by 3. PROSE AND POEMS
Manuel Viray (1952) –by Nick Joaquin
2. PHILIPPINES CROSS SECTION

(1950) –a collection of prose and 4. PHILIPPINE WRITING
poetry by Maximo Ramos and (1953) –by T.D. Agcaoili
Florentino Valeros
Some notable works of the peri
5. PHILIPPINE 7. WHO SPOKE OF
HARVEST –by Amador COURAGE IN HIS
Daguio SLEEP – by NVM
Gonzales
6. HORIZONS LEAST
(1967) –a collection of 8. SPEAK NOT, SPEAK
works by the ALSO
professors of UE, – by Conrado V.
mostly in English (short Pedroche
stories, essays,
research papers, poem 9. Other poets
and drama) by Artemio were Toribia Maño and
Patacsil and Silverio Edith L. Tiempo
Baltazar The themes of Jose Garcia Villa’s HAVE
most poems dealt with
the usual love of COME, AM HERE won
Novels and Short Stories
Longer and longer pieces

were being written by
writers of the period.
Stevan
Javellana’s WITHOUT
SEEING THE DAWN tells of
the grim experiences of
war during the Japanese
Occupation.
 In 1958, the PEN

Center of the
Philippines (Poets,
essayists, novelists)
was inaugurated.
 In the same year,
Francisco Arcellana
In 1961, Kerima Polotan’s novel THE HAND OF THE

ENEMY won the Stonehill Award for the Filipino novel
in English.
In 1968, Luis V. Teodoro Jr.’s short story THE

ADVERSARY won the Philippines Free Press short
story award.
In 1969, his story THE TRAIL OF PROFESSOR RIEGO won second
prize in the Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature.
In 1970, his short story THE DISTANT CITY won the GRAPHIC
short story award.
New Filipino Literature
Philippines literature in Tagalog was revived during
this period.
Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese

brutalities, of the poverty of life under the Japanese
government and the brave guerilla exploits.
New Filipino Literature
Newspapers and magazine publications were re-opened like
the Bulaklak, Liwayway, Ilang Ilang and Sinag Tala.
Tagalog poetry acquired not only rhyme but substance and
meaning.
Short stories had better characters and events based on facts and
realities and themes were more meaningful.
Novels became common but were still read by the people for
recreation.
The people’s love for listening to poetic jousts increased more
than before and people started to flock to places to hear poetic
debates.
Many books were published during this time, among which
were:
1. Mga Piling Katha (1947-48) 3. Ako’y Isang Tinig (1952)

by Alejandro Abadilla collection of poems and
stories by Genoveva Edroza
Matute
2. Ang Maikling Kuwentong 4. Mga Piling Sanaysay (1952)

Tagalog (1886-1948) by Teodoro by Alejandro Abadilla
Agoncillo
were:
7. Sining at Pamamaraan ng Pag-aaral
ng Panitikan (1965) by
5. Maikling Katha ng Rufino Alejandro. He prepared this
Dalawampung Pangunahing book for teaching in reading and
Autor (1962) by A.G. Abadilla appreciation of poems, dramas, short
and Ponciano E.P. Pineda stories and novels.
8. Manlilikha, Mga Piling Tula (1961-

1967)
6. Parnasong Tagalog (1964) by Rogelio G. Mangahas
collection of selected poems by
Huseng Sisiw and Balagtas, 9. Mga Piling Akda ng
collected by A.G. Abadilla Kadipan (Kapisanang Aklat ng Diwa at
Panitik) 1965 by Efren Abueg
were:
10. Makata (1967) first
cooperative effort to publish the
poems of 16 poets in Pilipino
13. Mga Aklat ni Rizal: Many
11. Pitong Dula (1968) by books about Rizal came out
Dionisio Salazar during this period. The law
ordering the additional study
12. Manunulat: Mga Piling of the life of Rizal helped a lot
Akdang Pilipino (1970) by Efren in activating our writers to
Abueg. In this book, Abueg write books about Rizal.
proved that it is possible to have
a national integration of ethnic
culture in our country.
State of Literature
The early post-liberation period was marked by a kind

of “struggle of mind and spirit” posed by the sudden
emancipation from the enemy, and the wild desire to see
print.
Filipinos had, by this time, learned to express themselves
more confidently but post-war problems beyond
language and print-like economic stability, the threat of
new ideas and mortality –had to be grappled with side by
side.
State of Literature
 There was a proliferation of newspapers like the FREE PRESS,

MORNING SUN, of Sergio Osmeña Sr., DAILY MIRROR of Joaquin
Roces, EVENING NEWS of Ramon Lopezes and the BULLETIN of
Menzi.
 This only proved that there were more readers in English than in any
ocher vernaculars like Tagalog, Ilocano or Hiligaynon. Journalists
had their day.
State of Literature
They indulged in more militant attitude in their

reporting which bordered on the libelous.
Gradually, as normality was restored, the tones

and themes of the writings turned to the less
pressing problems of economic survival.
State of Literature
Some Filipino writers who had gone abroad and had written during
the interims came back to publish their works.
Not all the books published during the period reflected the war
year; some were compilations or second editions of what have been
written before. Some of the writers and their works of the periods
are:
Some of the writers and their works of the periods are:
THE VOICE OF THE VETERAN – a compilation of the best

works of some Ex-USAFFE men like Amante Bigornia,
Roman de la Cruz, Ramon de Jesus and J.F. Rodriguez.
TWILIGHT IN TOKYO and PASSION

and DEATH OF THE USAFFE by
Leon Ma. Guerrero
FOR FREEDOM AND DEMOCRACY– by

S.P. Lopez
BETRAYAL IN THE PHILIPPINES –

by Hernando Abaya
SEVEN HILLS AWAY– by

NVM Gonzales
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The Rebirth of

The Americans returned in 1945.

On July 4, 1946, the Philippines

Among the writers during this time were:

2. PHILIPPINES CROSS SECTION

Longer and longer pieces

 In 1958, the PEN

In 1961, Kerima Polotan’s novel THE HAND OF THE

In 1968, Luis V. Teodoro Jr.’s short story THE

Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese

1. Mga Piling Katha (1947-48) 3. Ako’y Isang Tinig (1952)

2. Ang Maikling Kuwentong 4. Mga Piling Sanaysay (1952)

8. Manlilikha, Mga Piling Tula (1961-

The early post-liberation period was marked by a kind

 There was a proliferation of newspapers like the FREE PRESS,

They indulged in more militant attitude in their

Gradually, as normality was restored, the tones

THE VOICE OF THE VETERAN – a compilation of the best

TWILIGHT IN TOKYO and PASSION

FOR FREEDOM AND DEMOCRACY– by

BETRAYAL IN THE PHILIPPINES –

SEVEN HILLS AWAY– by

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