Composite Teams

FAMILIARIZE YOURSELF WITH

EMERGENCY EXIT
 Introduction
• In conventional system, there is separate domain of LT & HT
network
• Due to which, increased TAT for normalizing affected areas
• To reduce TAT and improve efficiency, Composite Teams have
been introduced
• Composite Teams will have the capacity to execute all the LT/HT
complaints
 Composite Teams
Composite Teams basically consist of dedicated M&C gang reinforced
with HT supervisor or M&C Supervisor with HT Gang, along with
appropriate tools and material, well versed in the area of operation,
so as to obtain effective shut down.

Objective:
1. To improve SAIDI
2. Reduction in “Fault Response Time” by combining the HT and LT teams.
COMPOSITE team is made to optimize the process flow of HT/LT
Teams so that maximum relief could be provided to the consumer by
reducing TAT.

S – Specific (Specific/focused on its job)

M – Measurable (Each fault is measurable – TAT)
A – Attainable (Each Team has to perform all jobs of COMPOSITE
team)
R – Realistic / Result oriented (Team’s trip should be result oriented)
T – Time Bond (All jobs has to be performed within specified TAT)
Composite Composition Complaint Handling
1 x Supervisor – Leading the Smart
Gang
1x Lineman (all HT/ LT Minor CM work)
1 x S. Sk LM/Helper Without
Shutdown With Shutdown forms
forms
1x Karkun - Helping the team
 Composite Team Job Description
• Feeder Tripping
• HT / LT Minor CM Work
• Arrangement/Normalization of Shut Downs
• Declaration of Faults related to Major CM Work (MCF, HTLCF, Trafo
Faulty etc.) and their isolation and forwarding afterwards
 Possible List of Minor CM Work – SMART Gang
In case of Feeder Tripping, following faults will be attended by smart team CM related work
– HT/LT Leads – LT / HT ABC related CM work
– HT Jumper – LT related Faults
– HT Fuse Link – Individual complaints (service, main jumper)
– HRC Fuse
– Isolation of Fault
– Back Feeding of Area
– HT & LT WB
– Jumpering Required at OH/PMT
– HT Bus Bar Replacement of PMT
– Pin/Disc Insulator and OH all line material Damaged
 Forwarding Jobs
In case of Feeder Tripping, following faults will be identified by CM team and forwarded to concerned department.
– MCF
– HTLCF
– HT Cable End Replacement
– HT ABC Cable Replacement
– Faulty PMT / Local Trafo Replacement
– SS Bus bar carbonized
– Shrouds
– CT/PT Faulty
– Faulty Circuit Breaker Replacement
– Other Switchgear related faults
– RMU Fault
– LT UG Main / Service Cable Faults
– HT / LT Pole Fallen Down
– LT Testing & Load Balancing
– Stay /Strut Faults
KE NETWORK
 KE Network

Transmission Utilization
Generation @ 220 KV, Distribution
@ 18 KV 132 KV and @ 440 V and
@ 11 KV
66 KV 220 V
LT ABC Network
HT Running Pole
HT Shackle Point Pole
HT Dead End Pole
Diversion Point Pole
Cont..
T-off Point Pole
HT/LT Combine Circuit
LT Running
Pole
LT Dead End pole
LT Through 4 ways
LT Horizontal Line tail End pole LT Horizontal Line running pole
LT Overhead Mains Duplicate Circuit (Running) LT Horizontal Shackle Point
 Types Of Bare Conductor Joints
Scarf Joint Britannia Joint
Bell Hangers Joint/Western Union Joint

Telegraph Joint
Tee Twist Joint Straight Married Joint:
Rat Tail Joint/Pig Tail Joint
Safety Practices
Zero Tolerance
 ‫واقعہ‬
‫‪Incident‬‬

‫نقصان نہیں ہوا‬ ‫نقصان ہوا‬

‫ممکنہ حادثہ‬ ‫حادثہ‬

NEAR MISS
ACCIDENT
AWARENESS ON LINE ISOLATION – SOP
SOP/D/R&D/ESP/0602 (A) -2016
Line Isolation HT / LT
LAYOUT – PMT
Shutdowns / HT Line Isolation
LAYOUT – PMT & LT OVERHEAD
HT NETWORK
 Objective
The objective of HT operations is to normalize outages;
1) Rectifying the fault
2) Isolating the fault back feeding affected areas
3) Forwarding of fault to concerned department through OCR
4) Arrangement of shut down UGM, SSM etc.
5) Balancing the load of 11kv feeders
6) Analyze faults on the 11KV feeders
7) To coordinate with all relevant centers and departments for prompt
action(s) and resolution of feeder tripping
 Terminologies
Grid Station
Grid station can also term as sub station from which different feeders are
terminating after step down of voltage level from 132 KV to 11KV.
Feeder
First cable from Grid Station terminating at Sub station/RMU or at PMT is
termed as 11KV Feeder.
Main Cable
Main Cable is the First cable which is terminating from Grid Station to the
Substation/RMU/PMT.
RMU
Ring Main Unit (RMU) have 03 sides, acquire lesser space as compare to
Sub Station.

Linking Cable
Linking Cable is the Cable which links two Sub stations/two PMTs/two RMUs
or Substation/RMU to RMU/PMT.

Sub Station
Sub Station consist of a local transformer which further steps down the
voltage level from 11KV to 420/220 KV.
Sub Station also consist of HT Bus Bar, Switches, trolleys and LT Panels etc.
 Layout of Substation

Transformer & LT Panel HT Panel

11 KV Grid Trolley Racking In
11 kV HT - Live Line Tester
Pole Mounted Transformer (PMT)
Complete PMT Bus bar with Knife switch & Drop Out (D/O) Cut Out
Installation of Knife Switch & Lightening Arrestor
Faulty/Bypassed Knife Switch
LT Breaker
LT Pillar Box
HRC FUSE
Ground and Short for shutdown
Ring Main Unit (RMU)
LOAD BREAK SWITCH
11 kV HT Under Ground Cable PVC/XLPE
Lug Repairing
HT Cable End - Termination
Earth Fault Indicator
Single Line Diagram
Load Distribution in case of MCF
• Write the new position on Log Register
• Inform the relieving shift in charge
regarding the same
Load Distribution
Load Distribution in case of MCF in case of HTLCF
• Write the new position on Log Register
• Inform the relieving shift in charge
regarding the same
 Feeder Tripping
• Feeder Tripping message received from Grid to OCR
• OCR conveys the message to respective AOC
• AOC Conduct TBT at Centre before dispatching team at site.
• PPES/SPEs checked by AOC supervisor before dispatching Team
• AOC Supervisor Dispatch team to attend the Feeder
• Team Conduct TBT at Site
• Team Supervisor check the EFI at incoming of SS/RMU and put incoming OFF accordingly as
per SOP
• If feeder got ON from Grid than Team Supervisor tries the loop one by one
• In Case of Feeder tripping, it declares as MCF ( main Cable Fault)
• If EFI not operated then check if its in operating condition or not
• If Fault Locator not found operated in incoming Sub Station than Gang Supervisor has 02
options.
– To back Feed Area and Declared the Fault as MCF
– To check the healthiness of Main Cable by Back Feed the Main Cable
Back Feeding of Main Cable

– Trolley must be at First Stage Position at Grid of that Particular Feeder

– To Back feed the Main Cable, all sides in SS / RMU need to be put OFF
– Put on any 01 O/G side keeping energized its HT Cable
– Put on the local in SS if available
– Put on the incoming in Sub Station, if O/G Feeder supply remain intact it
means Main Cable is healthy otherwise declared as MCF.
In case of Feeder Tripping, following faults are to be attended by
Composite team.
– HT Cable Lead
– HT Jumper
– HT Fuse Link
– HRC Fuse
– Isolation of Fault
– Back Feeding of Area
– HT ABC related CM work
– HT Wire Broken
 Faults After Tripping
In case of Feeder Tripping, following faults are expected:
– MCF – HT Bus Bar Replacement of PMT
– HTLCF – Pin Insulator Damaged
– HT Cable Lug Burnt out – LT Faults
– HT Cable End Damaged
– HT Cable to be pressure
– HT ABC Cable Fault
– PMT/Local Trafo Faulty
– Bus Bar Carbonization in SS
– TOP in SS
– Switch Faulty in SS
– Shroud/Supporter Damaged
– CT/PT Faulty
– HTWB
– Jumpering Required at OH/PMT
HT/LT TOOLS
 HT Lineman Tools
1. HT Live Line Tester / Phase Tester 19. Hand saw wooden 16"
2. Blade Cutter 20. Bolt cutter
3. Manila Cordage Rope 3 Strands 1'' Dia 21. Cold hand flat straight cut chisel 8" x ½", 10" x ½" &
4. Cutter Pliers 12" x ½“
5. Screw Driver Set (Minus/Plain) 22. Files
6. Hacksaw Frame with Blade size 12" a) Flat File size 12''
7. Leather hand gloves b) Half File Round sizes 12"
8. Emergency Light c) Round File size 12"
9. LN Key Set d) File Triangular Size 6”
10. Lock China 23. Hammers
11. Measuring tape 24. Screw driver Phillip 10"
12. Insulated Pliers size8" 25. Box Panna (shroud panna) 42 mm
13. Ratchet (Combination) Spanner Set 6-32 mm 26. Crimping Machine
14. Socket Set (43 PCS Box) 27. Fix spanner set
15. Rubber hand gloves 28. Adjustable Spanner Set
16. Screw Driver Set (Philip) 29. Table vice 12"
17. Torch with cell
18. Bag; canvas tool size 16" in length
 LT Lineman Tools

1. Wrench pipe steel 10", 14" & 18“ a) Flat File size 10''
2. Torque Wrench / Spanner b) Half File Round sizes 10"
3. Torque Wrench / Spanner 12. Round Head Hammer 1 LBs & 2 LBs
4. Drill Machine (DC Operated with chargeable Battery) 13. Tweezers set different size
5. Nose Pliers Size 6” & 8” 14. Draw Vice Ratchet Size 6“
6. Neon Tester / Voltage Tester 15. Hydraulic Wire Cutter
7. Cable Cutter 16. Plier Forged Steel Gas Solid 8" & 10"
8. Channel Lock 12”
9. Ring Spanner Set (Double Ended)
10. Screw Driver Set
11. Files
 Precautions For Working on Poles and Towers
1. Check Poles for Corrosion

 Supervisor/ Lineman will Check

 Use Coin or Solid Metal Object
 Start from Shoulder Height and Move
Down
 Sharp Sound Resemble Healthy Pole
 Dull Sound Indicates Corroded Pole
 If required Dig the Pole about 1.5ft for
physical Check Do Not Climb!!!!! Until you
 Also Inspect Pole Support and Pole are sure about the Condition of
Hardware Pole
Scenario
 Scenario

• A Team of AOC Gulshan was dispatched to Arrange Back Feeding of feeders for
Maintenance Shutdown.

• Team reached at Sardar Complex PMT to back feed Nursery feeder on Pak Swiss feeder

• As soon as Lineman tried to put the short rods on the line a flash occurred and resultantly
his uniform caught fire.

Suggest what would have happened next ?

 Scenario
Cause of Accident:

PRIMARY FACTOR:

Supervisory Error –Poor command and control exercised by OCR and AOC concerned
.
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS:

•No mechanism to update the isolation on network drawing for recording temporary network
reconfiguration

•Improper Operation – Shift Engineers and AOC In- charge failed to ensure proper record keeping and
correct operation

Lesson Learnt
• Proper Isolation to be Ensured
Thank You