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    Neo Classicism

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    Manoj Rajahulli
    Neo-Classicism was an artistic movement that began in the mid-18th century in Europe and North America as a reaction against Baroque and Rococo styles. It drew inspiration from classical antiquity, particularly associated with Greek democracy and Roman republicanism. Key characteristics included a return to purity of classical Roman and Greek arts, with an emphasis on idealized forms. Major artists who embodied the Neo-Classical style included Jacques-Louis David, Antonio Canova, and Bertel Thorvaldsen. The movement had a large influence on architecture, sculpture, painting and beyond into the 19th century.

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    Neo Classicism

    Uploaded by

    Manoj Rajahulli
    164 views37 pages
    Neo-Classicism was an artistic movement that began in the mid-18th century in Europe and North America as a reaction against Baroque and Rococo styles. It drew inspiration from classical antiquity, particularly associated with Greek democracy and Roman republicanism. Key characteristics included a return to purity of classical Roman and Greek arts, with an emphasis on idealized forms. Major artists who embodied the Neo-Classical style included Jacques-Louis David, Antonio Canova, and Bertel Thorvaldsen. The movement had a large influence on architecture, sculpture, painting and beyond into the 19th century.

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    Neo-Classicism was an artistic movement that began in the mid-18th century in Europe and North America as a reaction against Baroque and Rococo styles. It drew inspiration from classical antiquity, particularly associated with Greek democracy and Roman republicanism. Key characteristics included a return to purity of classical Roman and Greek arts, with an emphasis on idealized forms. Major artists who embodied the Neo-Classical style included Jacques-Louis David, Antonio Canova, and Bertel Thorvaldsen. The movement had a large influence on architecture, sculpture, painting and beyond into the 19th century.

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    164 views37 pages

    Neo Classicism

    Uploaded by

    Manoj Rajahulli
    Neo-Classicism was an artistic movement that began in the mid-18th century in Europe and North America as a reaction against Baroque and Rococo styles. It drew inspiration from classical antiquity, particularly associated with Greek democracy and Roman republicanism. Key characteristics included a return to purity of classical Roman and Greek arts, with an emphasis on idealized forms. Major artists who embodied the Neo-Classical style included Jacques-Louis David, Antonio Canova, and Bertel Thorvaldsen. The movement had a large influence on architecture, sculpture, painting and beyond into the 19th century.

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    of 37

    By: Ms. Susan M.

    Pojer
    Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
    Overview of Neo-Classicism
    $ Art produced in Europe and North America
    from the mid-18c to the early 19c.
    $ More than just an antique revival  a reaction
    against the surviving Baroque & Rococo styles.
    $ Linked to contemporary political events:
    S Revolutions established republics in France
    and in America. [Neo-Classicism was adapted
    as the official art style].
    S Association with the democracy of Greece
    and the republicanism of Rome.
    S Napoleon  used the style for propaganda.
    1. Excavations of the Ruins
    of Italian Cities

    Pompeii in 1748.

    Herculaneum in 1738.
    2. Publication of Books on Antiquity

    James Stuart & Nicholas Revert


    Antiquities in Athens: 1762-1816.
    3. Arrival of the Elgin Marbles

    Thomas Bruce,
    7th Lord of Elgin
    British Museum, 1806 From the top façade of the
    Parthenon in Athens.
    4. Johann Winckelmann’s Artists Circle

    $ Artists should “imitate”


    the timeless, ideal
    forms of the classical
    world.

    $ A circle of
    international artists
    gathered about him in
    the 1760s in Rome.
    German art historian.
    Characteristics of Neo-Classicism
    $ Return to the perceived “purity” of the arts of
    Rome.
    $ Model the “ideal” of the ancient Greek arts
    and, to a lesser, extent, 16c Renaissance
    classicism.
    $ A conviction that there is a permanent,
    universal way things are (and should be), which
    obviously entails fundamental political and
    ethical commitments.
    $ Sometimes considered anti-modern or even
    reactionary.
    Robert Adam

    Syon House
    Scottish architect The Red Salon
    & designer
    Syon House
    1760s
    Claude Nicholas Ledoux

    $ Designed a
    pavilion in 1771
    for the Comtesse
    du Barry at
    Louveciennes.

    $ Designed a series of
    city gates for Paris
    (1785-1789).
    Claude Nicholas Ledoux

    Rotunde de la Villette, Paris


    John Wood

    “The Royal Crescent [Circus]” at Bath, England (1754).


    The “Empire Style”: Charles Percier &
    Pierre François Léonard Fontaine

    $ Napoleon’s official
    architects.

    $ They remade Paris


    in the intimidating
    opulence of Roman
    imperial
    architectural
    style.
    Greek-Inspired Architecture

    Bank of England Rotunda


    Sir John Soane, 1796
    British Museum Portico
    Sir Robert Smirke,
    1823-1847
    The “Federal Style” in America
    $ 1780 – 1820.
    $ Thomas Jefferson’s influence.

    University of VA

    Monticello, VA U. S. Capitol
    The “Greek Revival Style” in America

    Second Bank of the US


    Philadelphia, 1824
    “Parnassus”
    Anton Raphael Mengs, 1761

    Mengs was the leading artist of early Neo-Classicism.


    “The Oath of Brutus”
    Gavin Hamilton, 1767

    The oath was sworn as a promise of individual revenge


    against a corrupt monarchy.
    “The Death of Socrates”
    Jacques-Louis David, 1787

    The death of Socrates was a symbol of republican virtue.


    “The Oath of the Horatii”
    Jacques-Louis David, 1784

    A depiction of dutiful patriotism.


    “The Consecration of Napoleon & Josephine”
    Jacques-Louis David, 1805-1807

    A very different theme:


    The celebration of worldly splendor and power.
    “The Apotheosis of Homer”
    Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, 1827

    This assembly of great artists and writers of all ages gathered


    to honor the ancient Greek poet before a classical temple.
    “Romulus—Victory over Acron”
    Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, 1812

    Painted for Napoleon’s palace in Rome.


    “The Sabine Women”
    Jean Auguste Ingres, 1799
    Neo-Classical Sculpture
    $ Profoundly influenced by ancient art since the
    Renaissance.
    $ Neo-Classical sculptors avoided the dramatic
    twisting poses and colored marble surfaces
    characteristic of late Baroque and Rococo
    sculpture.
    $ They preferred:
    S Crisp contours.
    S A noble stillness.
    S Idealized white marble forms.
    Antonio Canova

    “Apollo Crowning
    Himself,” 1781 “Perseus with the Head of
    Medusa,” 1804-1806
    Antonio Canova

    “Paulina Bonaparte,” 1808

    “Hercules”
    Bertel Thorvaldsen

    “Jason,”
    “Adonis,” 1808-1832
    1803-1823
    Furniture
    $ The furniture designs used Greco-Roman
    motifs.
    $ Became known as style étrusque [“Etruscan
    style”] in France.
    $ Were favored by the court of Louis XV and
    later by Napoleon I.
    Josiah Wedgwood

    Greek vases found in excavations became


    models for this new type of ceramics.
    Neo-Classicism Continued
    Into the 19c and Beyond….

    Brandenburg Gate, Berlin


    Buckingham Palace, London

    The Gate of Alcala, Madrid

    $ By the mid-19s, several European cities were transformed


    into veritable museums of Neo-Classical architecture.
    American Renaissance” Movement
    American Museum National Gallery of Art
    of Natural History

    Lincoln Memorial

    $ A Neo-Classical expression in Beaux-Arts architecture.


    The “Sunset” of Neo-Classicism
    $ Sir Edwin Lutyan  a monumental city plan for
    New Delhi during the British Raj.

    Rashtrapati Bhavan India Gate Monument


    [President’s House]

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