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    Dental Anatomy & Physiology: April 2014

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    Anna Pruteanu
    There are two types of teeth - primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent). A tooth consists of three elements - water, organic materials, and inorganic materials. Teeth have several functions including speech, respiration, digestion, chewing, and aesthetics. Each tooth has a crown, root, and neck. Teeth are made up of four tissues - enamel, dentin, pulp, and cementum. The primary dentition consists of 20 teeth while the permanent dentition consists of 32 teeth in most cases.

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    Dental Anatomy & Physiology: April 2014

    Uploaded by

    Anna Pruteanu
    98 views19 pages
    There are two types of teeth - primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent). A tooth consists of three elements - water, organic materials, and inorganic materials. Teeth have several functions including speech, respiration, digestion, chewing, and aesthetics. Each tooth has a crown, root, and neck. Teeth are made up of four tissues - enamel, dentin, pulp, and cementum. The primary dentition consists of 20 teeth while the permanent dentition consists of 32 teeth in most cases.

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    Dental

    Original Title

    Dental Anatomy

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    There are two types of teeth - primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent). A tooth consists of three elements - water, organic materials, and inorganic materials. Teeth have several functions including speech, respiration, digestion, chewing, and aesthetics. Each tooth has a crown, root, and neck. Teeth are made up of four tissues - enamel, dentin, pulp, and cementum. The primary dentition consists of 20 teeth while the permanent dentition consists of 32 teeth in most cases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    98 views19 pages

    Dental Anatomy & Physiology: April 2014

    Uploaded by

    Anna Pruteanu
    There are two types of teeth - primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent). A tooth consists of three elements - water, organic materials, and inorganic materials. Teeth have several functions including speech, respiration, digestion, chewing, and aesthetics. Each tooth has a crown, root, and neck. Teeth are made up of four tissues - enamel, dentin, pulp, and cementum. The primary dentition consists of 20 teeth while the permanent dentition consists of 32 teeth in most cases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    DENTAL ANATOMY &

    PHYSIOLOGY

    April 2014
    Elements

    A tooth is made up of three elements:

    •Water
    •Organic materials
    •Inorganic materials

    April 2014
    Functions
    Speech
    Respiration
    Digestion
    Chewing
    Aesthetic

    April 2014
    Dental Anatomy Part 1

    There are two types of teeth:

    •Primary (deciduous)

    •Secondary (permanent)

    April 2014
    Dental Anatomy and Physiology
    Dentition (teeth): There are two dentitions
    Primary ( Milk teeth)

    •Consist of 20 teeth
    •Begin to form during
    the first trimester of
    pregnancy
    •Typically begin
    erupting around 6
    months
    •Most children have a
    complete primary
    dentition by 3 years of
    age2014
    April
    Deciduous dentition

    April 2014
    Secondary( Permanent Teeth)

    •Consist of 32 teeth in most cases


    •Begin to erupt around 6 years
    of age
    •Most permanent teeth have erupted by age 12
    •Third molars (wisdom teeth) are the exception;
    often do not appear until late teens or early 20s

    April 2014
    April 2014
    Names of Teeth

    1. Anterior teeth: Incisors and canine


    2. Posterior teeth: Molars and premolars
    • Central Incisors
    • Lateral Incisors
    • Canines
    • Premolars
    • Molars

    DECIDUIOUS TEETH DO NOT HAVE PREMOLARS!

    April 2014
    Parts of a TOOTH
    Each tooth consists of:

    • Crown – The part which


    protrudes from the gum
    • Root – Part embedded in
    the bone
    • Neck – Slightly narrowed
    region where the crown
    meets the root
    April 2014
    Components of tooth

    Pulp
    Dentine
    Enamel
    Cementum

    April 2014
    Enamel

    • Hardest tissue

    • Surrounds dentine

    • Highly mineralized
    Main mineral-
    hydroxyapatite

    April 2014
    Dentine

    • This forms the main bulk of


    the tooth
    • It is found in the crown and
    the root
    • It is sensitive to pain
    • Not as solid as enamel
    • Made up of dentine tubules
    which contains soft tissue
    • Acts as a shock absorbent
    • Produced by odontoblast cells

    April 2014
    Dental Tissues—Dentin (Tubules)2
    •Tubules contain fluid
    and nerve fibers
    •External stimuli cause Dentin

    movement of the Pulp

    dentinal fluid, a
    hydrodynamic
    movement, which can
    result in short, sharp Tubule

    pain episodes
    Fluid Nerve Fibers

    Odontoblast
    Cell

    April 2014
    Pulp

    • Purely soft tissue


    • It contains blood
    vessels and nerves
    • The vessels and
    nerves pass through
    the apical foramen
    enter teeth through
    the apical foramen
    • This is where
    toothache occurs

    April 2014
    Cementum
    • Cementum is a
    specialized bony
    substance covering the
    root of a tooth
    • Its color is yellowish and
    it is softer than either
    dentine or enamel.
    Alveolar Bone
    • Mineralized tissue that
    surrounds the teeth in
    jaws

    April 2014
    Periodontal ligament

    • The tooth is attached to the


    socket of the jaw by the
    periodontal ligament
    • This contains nerves and blood
    vessels, consists of bundles of
    fibres (like a web) holding the
    tooth in place
    • The nerves of the periodontal
    ligament are particularly
    sensitive to excessive pressure
    (discomfort may occur from high
    fillings)
    April 2014
    Gum

    • The anatomical term is gingiva


    • It is firmly attached to the underlying alveolar bone as it
    fits around the neck of the tooth in the form of a tight
    cuf
    • A shallow crevice is present between the tooth surface
    and the gum margin-the GINGIVAL CREVICE
    • The mound of gum between each tooth is called the
    interdental papilla
    • Healthy gums are NO more than 3mm deep
    • healthy gum is pink and tough.
    • have limited sensitivity to - pain, Temperature, pressure
    April 2014
    Supporting Structures
    • Every tooth fits into a socket alveolus
    • The part of the jaw which containing the teeth is
    known as the alveolar process (rigid bone)
    • This is covered with soft tissue gingiva (GUM)
    • The jaw bone consist of a dense outer layer
    COMPACT BONE and an softer interior SPONGY
    BONE
    • The compact lining of the tooth socket is called the
    LAMINA DURA, loss of this tends to indicate DENTAL
    DISEASE
    April 2014

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