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Radio Network KPIs

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Agenda

 User-centric KPIs
 Network performance KPIs
 System utilization KPIs
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Overview of the Radio Network evolution

Overview of the Radio Network evolution

 Key Performance Indicator
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Introduction
The original KPI definition comes from the experiences of commercial network
management and radio network optimization. The KPI definition shall be updated
according to the requirement from customers and its vary vendors to vendors.

Performance
Reports
KPI's

Measurements
Counters

Observation Events
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4g KPI Principle --- s.m.a.r.t

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KPI – Definition And Principle

KPI is a selected indicator considered key for monitoring the performance of a

strategic objective, outcome, or key result area important to the success of an
activity and growth of the organization overall.

Number_of_events_wit h_desired_result(e.g .successfu l_call_set ups)

KPI  * 100%
Number_of_all_events (e.g.all_c all_setup_ attempts)
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KPI Classification
TE KPIs are mainly classified into 5 classes, which are, Accessibility, Retainability, Mobility,
Latency, and Integrity. The KPI architecture is shown in the following figure

LTE KPI

Accessibility Retainability Mobility Availability Latency Integrity

• H.O.
• RRC Set • Call Drop • Radio
Success • Access Service UL &
Up SR Success Rate
Network Latency DL
• ERAB Set Rate (Intra & unavailability • Service Throughput
UP SR Inter Rate Latency
freq)
Radio Network KPI Service KPI
(Focus on Radio Network Performance) Focus on user experience
Accessibility KPI Analysis
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Accessibility KPI
EPS Attach Success Rate
a) EPS attach success rate

b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed EPS attach procedures to the number of
attempted EPS attach procedures for EPC network and is used to evaluate accessibility provided by EPS and
network performance.

c) This KPI is obtained by successful EPS attach procedures divided by attempted EPS attach procedures.

d)

e) MM.EpsAttachAtt.Type
MM.EpsAttachSucc.Type

f) EPC

g) Accessibility

h) Percentage
3GPP TS 32.455
i) RATIO
 Dedicated EPS Bearer Creation Success Rate 11

a) Dedicated EPS bearer creation success rate.

b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed dedicated EPS bearer creation procedures
by PGW to the number of attempted dedicated EPS bearer creation procedures by PGW and is used to evaluate
service availability provided by EPS and network performance.

c) This KPI is obtained by successful dedicated EPS bearer creation procedures divided by attempted dedicated
EPS bearer creation procedures.

d)

e) SM.CreationPGWInitBearerAtt
SM.CreatationPGWInitBearerSucc
(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2])

f) EPC

g) Accessibility

h) Percentage
3GPP TS 32.455
i) RATIO
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Dedicated Bearer Set-up Time by MME (Mean)

 Mean dedicated bearer set-up time by MME

 This KPI describes the valid time per dedicated bearer set-up procedure by MME and
is used to evaluate service accessibility provided by EPS and network performance.

 This KPI is obtained by the valid time per dedicated bearer set-up procedure by MME

 DBSTM= SM.EstabActDedicatedEpsBearerTimeMean

 SM.EstabActDedicatedEpsBearerTimeMean (See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2]).

 EPC

 Accessibility

 Second

 MEAN

3GPP TS 32.455
 Service Request Success Rate
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a) Service request success rate.

b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed service request procedures by UE to the
number of attempted service request procedures by UE and is used to evaluate service accessibility provided by
EPS and network performance.

c) This KPI is obtained by successful service request procedures divided by attempted service request procedures.

d)

e) SM.EpsServiceReqAtt
SM.EpsServiceReqSucc
(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2])

f) EPC

g) Accessibility

h) Percentage

i) RATIO
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KPI Category "Retainability"

E-RAB Retainability
a) E-RAB Retainability.
b) A measurement that shows how often an end-user abnormally looses an E-RAB during the time the E-RAB is
used.
c) Number of E-RABs with data in a buffer that was abnormally released, normalized with number of data
session time units.
d) To measure E-RAB Retainability for a single QCI (R1) is fairly straight forward.

However to measure the E-RAB Retainability for UEs is not as straight forward. The measurement R1 is defined to
look at the activity level of just one QCI at the time, so to use this formula and measurements in an aggregated way
to get E-RAB Retainability on UE level will not be accurate (e.g. for an UE with multiple E-RABs, there might be E-
RABs that are active at the same time, hence aggregating the QCI measurements for session time will give a larger
session time than the total UE session time. See picture below).

3GPP TS 32.450
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KPI Category "Retainability"

Hence a measurement E-RAB Retainability on UE

level is defined (R2) to provide a measurement for
the overall E-RAB Retainability.

e) SAEB.RelAct.QCI

SAEB.SessionTimeUE

SAEB.SessionTimeQCI.QCI
f) E-UTRAN.
g) Retainability.
h) Active release/second.
i) MEAN.
j) The definition of the service provided by E-UTRAN is E-RABs. 3GPP TS 32.450
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Extended definition - Retainability

The retainability rate is defined as:

As for defining an abnormal E-RAB release with end-user impact, it shall only be considered an abnormal
release of the E-RABs if the eNodeB considers there to be data waiting for transfer in any of the buffers.
As for defining an E-RAB as active, an E-RAB shall be considered active if there recently has been any data
transmission in any direction.

3GPP TS 32.450
 Mobility KPI 17

Inter-RAT Outgoing Handover Success Rate (EPS->GSM)

a) Inter-RAT outgoing handover success rate (EPS->GSM)

b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed outgoing handover procedures to the number
of attempted outgoing handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT outgoing handover performance.

c) This KPI is obtained by the number of successful outgoing handover procedures divided by total number of
attempted outgoing handover procedures from EPS to GSM network.

d)

e) IRATHO.OutMMEAtt.G
IRATHO.OutMMESucc.G
(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2])

f) EPC

g) Mobility

h) Percentage
3GPP TS 32.455
i) RATIO
 Mobility KPI
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Inter-RAT Outgoing Handover Success Rate (EPS->UMTS)

a)Inter-RAT outgoing handover success rate (EPS->UMTS)

b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed outgoing handover procedures to the
number of attempted outgoing handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT outgoing handover performance.

c) This KPI is obtained by the number of successful outgoing handover procedures divided by total number of
attempted outgoing handover procedures from EPS to UMTS network.

d)

e) IRATHO.OutMMEAtt.U
IRATHO.OutMMESucc.U
(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2])

f) EPC

g) Mobility
3GPP TS 32.455
h) Percentage
 Mobility KPI 19

Inter-RAT Incoming Handover Success Rate (GSM->EPS)

a) Inter-RAT incoming handover success rate (GSM->EPS)

b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed incoming handover procedures to the
number of attempted incoming handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT incoming handover performance.

c) This KPI is obtained by total number of successful incoming handover procedures divided by total number of
attempted incoming handover procedures from GSM network to EPS

d)

e) IRATHO.IncMMEAtt.G
IRATHO.IncMMESucc.G
(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2])

f) EPC

g) Mobility

h) Percentage
3GPP TS 32.455
i) RATIO
 Mobility KPI 20

Inter-RAT Incoming Handover Success Rate (UMTS ->EPS)

a) Inter-RAT incoming handover success rate (UMTS ->EPS)

b) This KPI describes the ratio of the number of successfully performed incoming handover procedures to the
number of attempted incoming handover procedures to evaluate inter RAT incoming handover performance.

c) This KPI is obtained by total number of successful incoming handover procedures divided by total number of
attempted incoming handover procedures from UMTS network to EPS

d)

e) IRATHO.IncMMEAtt.U
IRATHO.IncMMESucc.U
(See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2])

f) EPC

g) Mobility

h) Percentage
3GPP TS 32.455
i) RATIO
 KPI Category "Integrity" 21

E-UTRAN IP Throughput

a) E-UTRAN IP Throughput.

b) A KPI that shows how E-UTRAN impacts the service quality provided to an end-user.

c) Payload data volume on IP level per elapsed time unit on the Uu interface.

d) IP Throughput for a single QCI:

e) DRB.IPThpDl.QCI
DRB.IPThpUl.QCI

f) E-UTRAN

g) Integrity

h) kbits/s
3GPP TS 32.450
i) MEAN
 KPI Category "Integrity" 22

j) To make sure that only impacts from the RAN is included in this measurement, time units to be included in
“elapsed time unit on the Uu interface “shall only be the ones where there is data in the buffer to be
transmitted E.g.in application data flows such as a web session, there are times when there is no data to
transmit by the eNodeB due to bursty traffic pattern, then this “eNodeB idle time” shall not be included in
“elapsed time unit on the Uu interface “.

Extended definition

To achieve a Throughput measurement (below examples are given for DL) that is independent of file size it is
important to remove the samples where one TTI on the radio interface is not utilized. (Successful
transmission, buffer empty in figure below).

3GPP TS 32.450
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KPI Category "Integrity"

Extended definition
To achieve a Throughput measurement (below examples are given for DL) that is independent of file size it is
important to remove the samples where one TTI on the radio interface is not utilized. (Successful
transmission, buffer empty in figure below).

3GPP TS 32.450
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KPI Category "Integrity"

To achieve a throughput measurement that is independent of bursty traffic pattern, it is important to make sure
that idle gaps between incoming data is not included in the measurements. That shall be done as considering
each burst of data as one sample.
ThpVolDl is the volume on IP level and the ThpTimeDl is the time elapsed on Uu for transmission of the volume
included in ThpVolDl

Since services can be mapped towards different kind of E-RABs, the IP Throughput measurement shall be
available per QoS group.
3GPP TS 32.450
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E-UTRAN IP Latency
a) E-UTRAN IP Latency.
b) A measurement that shows how E-UTRAN impacts on the delay experienced by an end-user.
c) Time from reception of IP packet to transmission of first packet over the Uu.
d) Downlink
e) DRB.IPLatDl.QCI

f) E-UTRAN.

g) Integrity.

h) Milliseconds.

i) MEAN.

To make sure only contribution from the RAN is included in this measurement, only delay of the first
block to the Uu is counted.

3GPP TS 32.450
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E-UTRAN IP Latency 3GPP TS 32.450

Extended definition
To achieve a delay measurement that is independent of IP data block size only the first packet sent to Uu is
measured.
To find the delay for a certain packet size the IP Throughput measure can be used together with IP Latency
(after the first block on the Uu, the remaining time of the packet can be calculated with the IP Throughput
measure).

T_Lat is defined as the time between reception of IP packet and the time when the eNodeB transmits the first
block to Uu.
Since services can be mapped towards different kind of E-RABs, the Latency measure shall be available per QoS
group.
 KPI Category "Availability"
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E-UTRAN Cell Availability

a) E-UTRAN Cell Availability.

b) A KPI that shows Availability of E-UTRAN Cell.

c) Percentage of time that the cell is considered available.

d)

e) RRU.CellUnavailableTime.cause

f) E-UTRAN

g) Availability

h) Percentage

i) RATIO

j) -
3GPP TS 32.450
 KPI Category "Availability" 28

Extended definition

As for defining the cell as available, it shall be considered available when the eNodeB can provide E-
RAB service in the cell.

3GPP TS 32.450
 Utilization KPI 29

Mean Active Dedicated EPS Bearer Utilization

a) Mean active dedicated EPS bearer utilization

b) This KPI describes the ratio of the mean number of active dedicated EPS bearer to the maximum number of
active dedicated EPS bearers provided by EPC network, and it is used to evaluate utilization performance of EPC
network.

c) This KPI is obtained by the mean number of dedicated EPS bearers in active mode divided by the system
capacity.

d)

e) SM.MeanNbrActDedicatedBearer (See in 3GPP TS 32.426 [2])

Capacity indicates maximum number of active dedicated EPS bearers provided by EPC node.

f) EPC

g) Utilization

h) Percentage
3GPP TS 32.455
i) RATIO
 Summary •30

 User-centric KPIs
 Network performance KPIs
 System utilization KPIs
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“HAPPY LEARNING”

MobileComm Professionals, Inc.

www.mcpsinc.com
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