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    Plant Form and Function

    Uploaded by

    Mae Mejares
    This document provides an overview of plant form and function, including plant growth and development, transport systems, nutrition, hormones, reproduction, and modern biotechnology applications. It discusses the key elements and functions for plant nutrition, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, boron, calcium, and others. The transport system in plants, specifically the phloem, is also mentioned. Modern biotechnology techniques that have aided plant breeding and mass production include plant tissue culture, genetic engineering, and tools like site-specific integration and multigene transfer.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Plant Form and Function

    Uploaded by

    Mae Mejares
    32 views43 pages
    This document provides an overview of plant form and function, including plant growth and development, transport systems, nutrition, hormones, reproduction, and modern biotechnology applications. It discusses the key elements and functions for plant nutrition, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, boron, calcium, and others. The transport system in plants, specifically the phloem, is also mentioned. Modern biotechnology techniques that have aided plant breeding and mass production include plant tissue culture, genetic engineering, and tools like site-specific integration and multigene transfer.

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    Report

    Original Title

    Biology Report

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    This document provides an overview of plant form and function, including plant growth and development, transport systems, nutrition, hormones, reproduction, and modern biotechnology applications. It discusses the key elements and functions for plant nutrition, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, boron, calcium, and others. The transport system in plants, specifically the phloem, is also mentioned. Modern biotechnology techniques that have aided plant breeding and mass production include plant tissue culture, genetic engineering, and tools like site-specific integration and multigene transfer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    32 views43 pages

    Plant Form and Function

    Uploaded by

    Mae Mejares
    This document provides an overview of plant form and function, including plant growth and development, transport systems, nutrition, hormones, reproduction, and modern biotechnology applications. It discusses the key elements and functions for plant nutrition, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, boron, calcium, and others. The transport system in plants, specifically the phloem, is also mentioned. Modern biotechnology techniques that have aided plant breeding and mass production include plant tissue culture, genetic engineering, and tools like site-specific integration and multigene transfer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 43

    CHAPTER 1

    Plant Form and Function


    PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
    Plant growth, from seed
    germination to maturity, involves a
    combination of cellular responses
    and molecular interaction
    Transport System in
    Plants
    The Phloem....
    Plant Nutrition
    When we talk about plant nutrition,we
    are referring to the supply and absortion
    of chemical compounds for the growth
    and metabolism of plants.In order for
    higher plants to sustain their metabolic
    processes,inorganic nutrients are
    obtained from the environment via
    soil,air and water.
    Elements Function in plants
    Carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen Major constituent of organic plant material;
    assimilation of oxidation – reduction reactions
    Boron Cell wall synthesis; enzymatic reactions and
    metabolic pathways; mitotic activity for root
    development
    Calcium Structural component of the cell wall and cell
    membrane; counter ion in the vacuole
    Chlorine Water splitting system for photosystem II;
    stomatal opening regulation
    Copper Co – factor for metalloproteins and enzymes;
    photosynthetic electron transport; cell wall metabolism
    and hormone signaling; oxidative stress response
    Iron Regulatory component of proteins and metabolities in roots
    and leaves
    Magnesium Chloropyll synthesis; cofactor in activation of ATPase

    Manganese Photodestruction of chloropyll and chloroplast structure;


    enzyme activator; precursor of amino acid,
    hormones(auxins) and lignins
    Molybdenum Enzyme activation(e.g nitrate reductase, catalase, and
    ribonuclease); chloropyll synthesis
    Nickel Endosperm development and dehydrogenase activity; urease
    activation for urea breakdown; root nodule growth

    Nitrogen General plant growth of roots, stem, leaf, flowers and fruits;
    chloropyll synthesis

    phosphorus Energy transferring process for photosynthesis and respiration (ADP-


    ATP synthesis); structural component of phospholipids, nucleic acids,
    coenzymes, and nucleotides
    Potassium Cell extension and stomatal regulation; enzyme,activation (kinase,
    starch synthase, and nitrate reductase); photosynthetic activity(e.g.,
    CO2 fixation and PH regulation)
    SULFUR Assimilation of oxidation – reduction reactions; participates in various
    enzymatic processes

    Zinc Enzymatic function and reactivity; stem elongation; protein and


    starch synthesis
    Plant Hormones,Responses
    and Feedback Mechanism
    Reproduction and Modern
    Biotechnological Application
    Biotechnology has advance
    significantly over the previous
    years that breeding crops and
    mass production are now aided
    by plant tissue culture and
    molecular biology techniques
    Genetic engineering in plants was
    introduced in the 1980's to create
    transgenic crops that are high-yield and
    persistant. This technology utilizes
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens to randomly
    introduced heterologous DNA into
    plants,thereby directly manipulating the
    regulatory elements or expression of
    endogenous.
    Modern biotechnological tools applied
    to plants are site-specific integration,
    multigene transfer, and regulations of
    Gene expression to improve crop yeild
    and resistance.
    Thank you for
    listening!

    Reported by: Mejares, Mae Antonette P.

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