The international

Phonetic alphabet (IPA)

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What do we need to achieve?

RECOGNITION
The students must be able
to recognize phonetic
symbols. IDENTIFICATION
The students must be able
to identify the sounds of ARTICULATION
the basic IPA symbols.
The students must be able
to articulate words based
on phonetic symbols:
vowels, consonants and
diphthongs
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Talk big!
There are roughly 6,500 spoken languages in the
world today. However, about 2,000 of those languages
have fewer than 1,000 speakers. The most popular
language in the world is Mandarin Chinese. There are
1,213,000,000 people in the world that speak that
language. (Source: InfoPlease)
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YOUR TASK
In a piece of yellow paper, match each
phrase in column A to its corresponding
language in column B. You have 5 minutes to
accomplish this task.
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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YOUR FIVE MINUTES IS RUNNING!

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. ภาษา A. Indonesian/Malay
2. Sprache B. Chinese
3. Γλώσσα C. Tamil
4. idioma D. German
5. 语言 E. Vietnamese
6. bahasa F. Greek
7. lingua G. Nepali
8. ngôn ngữ H. French
9. भाषा I. Portuguese
10. la langue J. Thai
K. Spanish
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It is an alphabetic system of
ɪt ɪz ən ˌælfəˈbɛtɪk ˈsɪstəm ʌv fəˈ phonetic notation based primarily
nɛtɪk noʊˈteɪʃən beɪst praɪˈmɛrəli on the Latin alphabet. It was
ɑn ðə ˈlætən ˈælfəˌbɛt. ɪt wʌz dɪˈ devised by the International
vaɪzd baɪ ði ˌɪntərˈnæʃənəl Phonetic Association in the late
fəˈnɛtɪk əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən ɪn ðə leɪt ˈ nineteenth century as a
naɪnˈtinθ ˈsɛnʧəri æz ə ˈstændərˌ standardized representation of
daɪzd ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən ʌv ðə saʊ the sounds of spoken language.
ndz ʌv ˈspoʊkən ˈlæŋgwəʤ.
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Someone who knows the IPA

ˈsʌmˌwʌn hu noʊz ði aɪ-pi- knows how to pronounce any
eɪ noʊz haʊ tu prəˈnaʊns ˈɛni wɜ word in any language.
rd ɪn ˈɛni ˈlæŋgwəʤ.
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BIG CONCEPT
Through the use of the IPA, we can articulate
speech sounds of any language correctly, the
way how native speakers of a certain
language speak it.
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VOWEL SOUNDS
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VOWELS
✖ Vowels are classified by how high or low the
tongue is, if the tongue is in the front or back of
the mouth, and whether or not the lips are rounded

✖ High vowels: [i] [ɪ] ✖ Front vowels: [i]

[u] [ʊ] [ɪ] [e] [ɛ] [æ]
✖ Mid vowels: [e] [ɛ] ✖ Central vowels: [ə]
[o] [ə] [ʌ] [ɔ] [ʌ]
✖ Low vowels: [æ] ✖ Back vowels: [u]
[a] [ɔ] [o] [æ] [a]
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VOWELS
Round vowels Diphthongs
[u] [ʊ] [o] [ɔ] [aɪ] [aʊ] [ɔɪ]
– produced by – a sequence of
rounding the lips – two vowel sounds
English has only back (as opposed to the
round vowels, but monophthongs we
other languages such have looked at so
as French and Swedish far)
have front round
vowels
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CONSONANT SOUNDS
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YOUR TASK
In a piece of yellow paper, match each
phrase in column A to its corresponding
language in column B. You have 5 minutes to
accomplish this task.
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ARE SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION ALWAYS THE SAME?

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PLACES OF ARTICULATION
✖ Consonants are sounds produced with some
restriction or closure in the vocal tract.
✖ Consonants are classified based in part on where
in the vocal tract the airflow is being restricted
(the place of articulation).
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PLACES OF ARTICULATION
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PLACES OF ARTICULATION
Bilabials Labiodentals Interdentals
[p] [b] [m] [f] [v] [θ] [ð]
- produced by – produced by – produced by
bringing both lips touching the puttng the top of
together bottom lip to the the tongue
upper teeth between the teeth
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PLACES OF ARTICULATION
Alveolars Palatals Velars
[t] [d] [n] [s] [z] [ʃ] [ʒ] [ʧ] [ʤ][ʝ] [k] [g] [ŋ]
[l] [r] – produced by – produced by
- all of these are raising the front raising the back of
produced by part of the tongue the tongue to the
raising the tongue to the palate soft palate or
to the alveolar velum
ridge in some way
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PLACES OF ARTICULATION
Uvulars Glotals
[ʀ] [q] [ɢ] [h] [Ɂ]
– produced by – produced by
raising the back of restricting the
the tongue to the airflow through
uvula the open glottis
([h]) or by
stopping the air
completely at the
glottis (a glottal
stop: [Ɂ])
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MANNERS OF ARTICULATION
✖ The manner of articulation is the way the
airstream is affected as it flows from the lungs
and out of the mouth and nose

VOICELESS SOUNDS VOICED SOUNDS

- produced with the - produced when the
vocal cords apart so vocal cords are
the air flows freely together and vibrate
through the glottis as air passes through
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MANNERS OF ARTICULATION
Stops/Plosives Fricatives Affricates
[p] [b] [m] [t] [d] [f] [v] [θ] [ð] [s] [ʧ] [ʤ]
[n] [k] [g] [ŋ] [z] [ʃ] [ʒ] [x] [ɣ] – produced by a
[ʧ][ʤ] [Ɂ] [h] stop closure that
– produced by – produced by is released with a
completely severely lot of fric0on
stopping the air obstructing the
flow in the oral airflow so as to
cavity for a cause friction
fraction of a
second
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MANNERS OF ARTICULATION
Glides Liquids Trills/Flaps
[j] [w] [l] [r] [r] [ɾ]
– produced with – produced by - Trills are
very little causing some produced by
obstruction of the obstruction of the rapidly vibra0ng
airstream and are airstream in the an articulator.
always followed mouth, but not – Flaps are
by a vowel enough to cause produced by a flick
any real friction of the tongue
against the
alveolar ridge.
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8 PLACES OF ARTICULATION AND 8

MANNERS OF ARTICULATION
Whoa! That’s something profound to
be understood. How will we be able to
understand it better?
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Thanks!
Any questions?
Is there something vague to you about the
lesson? Come on, voice it out and I will be glad to
assist you for your better understanding.
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How will the teacher know that you

understand the lesson well?
Of course, through a
quiz! Yellow papers,
please!
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Try to spell
these words in
the way we
spell them.
Hint: We’re
trying to be
global persons
so these words
are all about
countries in
the United
Nations.
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I’m on the top of the world!

1. brəˈzɪl 6. ʃɹiˈlɑːŋkə
2. jʊˈnaɪtəd ˈkɪŋdəm 7. gænə
3. saʊθ kɚˈriːə 8. vɛnɪˈzweɪlə
4. ʧɛk rɪˈpʌblɪk 9. ˈswɪtsərlənd
5. iθiˈoʊpiə 10. ˌkæmˈboʊdiə
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HOMEWORK!!!

Give three examples of

English words that has the
sounds of each one of the
phonetic symbols that we
have studied.