Equilibrium of A Particle

Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 7

ENGINEERING MECHANICS:

STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

Equilibrium of a Particle

Lecture 3
Condition for the Equilibrium of a Particle

A particle is said to be in equilibrium

if it remains at rest if originally at rest,

or has a constant velocity if originally in motion.

Newton’s 1st Law

෍𝐅 = 0

The vector sum of all the forces acting on the particle is zero.
The Free-Body Diagram
Two types of connections
often encountered in particle equilibrium problems:
Spring Cable

• Assumed to have negligible weight and cannot stretch.

𝐹 = 𝑘𝑠 • Can support only a tension or “pulling” force, and this


𝐹= 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 force always acts in the direction of the cable.
𝑘= spring constant or stiffness
𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 + 𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑑 − 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 • It is subjected to a constant tension T throughout its
𝑠=
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 length.
The Free-Body Diagram
Procedure for Drawing a Free-Body Diagram
Problem Free Body Diagram

𝑁 = 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
𝑇 = 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑊 = 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
• Draw Outlined Shape.

• Show All Forces.


• Active and Reactive Forces

• Identify Each Force.


Coplanar Force Systems
Coplanar Forces are forces that lie in the same plane (e.g. 𝑥 − 𝑦 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒).
𝑦
Free Body Diagram
𝐹1 • Establish the x, y axes in any suitable orientation.
𝐹2 • Label all the known and unknown force magnitudes and
directions on the diagram.
• The sense of a force having an unknown magnitude can
𝑥 be assumed.

Equations of Equilibrium
𝐹4
𝐹3
෍ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 ෍ 𝐹𝑦 = 0
𝐅1 = 𝐹1𝑥 𝐢 + 𝐹1𝑦 𝐣
𝐅2 = 𝐹2𝑥 𝐢 − 𝐹2𝑦 𝐣 • Components are positive if they are directed along a
𝐅3 = −𝐹3𝑥 𝐢 − 𝐹3𝑦 𝐣 positive axis, and negative if they are directed along a
𝐅4 = −𝐹4𝑥 𝐢 + 𝐹4𝑦 𝐣 negative axis.
• If the solution for a force yields a negative result, its sense
is the reverse of that shown on the free-body diagram.
Three-Dimensional Force Systems

Free Body Diagram


• Establish the x, y, z axes in any suitable orientation.
• Label all the known and unknown force magnitudes and
directions on the diagram.
• The sense of a force having an unknown magnitude can
be assumed.

Equations of Equilibrium

෍ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 ෍ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 ෍ 𝐹𝑧 = 0

• Express each force on the free-body diagram as a


𝐅1 = 𝐹1𝑥 𝐢 + 𝐹1𝑦 𝐣 − 𝐹1𝑧 𝐤 Cartesian vector, substitute these vectors into σ 𝐅 = 0
𝐅2 = −𝐹2𝑥 𝐢 + 𝐹2𝑦 𝐣 + 𝐹2𝑧 𝐤 and then set the 𝐢, 𝐣, 𝐤 components equal to zero.
𝐅3 = 𝐹3𝑥 𝐢 − 𝐹3𝑦 𝐣 + 𝐹3𝑧 𝐤 • If the solution for a force yields a negative result, its sense
is the reverse of that shown on the free-body diagram.
Reference:
Russell Charles Hibbeler.
Engineering Mechanics: Statics - 12th Edition.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2010.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy