Benzoic Acid Recovery From Organic Cake: Assigned by

BENZOIC ACID RECOVERY
FROM ORGANIC CAKE
Assigned By:
Group 2
Wajjad Ali CH-048
Rayed Abdullah CH-050
Meezan Alam CH-052
Bilal Raza CH-056
Advisor: Eng. Syed Muhammad Tariq

•Background
Project Overview •Project Motive
•Available Processes and their comparison

Process Selection •Description of the selected process
Equipment •Equipment selection

•Material and energy balance
Designing •Equipment designing
•Costing
Project Feasibility •HAZOP study
•Conclusion
Background
Project Motive
Components Composition
Cobalt Co 0.91
Manganese Mn 0.83
Sodium Na 1.048
Bromine Br 1.769
Water H2O 63.97
Acetic acid CH3COOH 3.21
P-toluic acid C8H8O2 1.288
Trimellitic acid C9H6O6 2.982
Benzoic acid C7H6O2 14.955
Terephthalic acid C8H6O4 4.49
Isophthalic acid C8H6O4 3.186
Phthalic acid C8H6O4 1.703
100
Available Processes
Description of the Selected Process
1 2 3
Recovery by Evaporation Dissolution in

Toluene of Benzoic hot water
followed by acid followed followed by
distillation by distillation Crystallization
Components Feed Mixer 1 Filter 1 Mixer 2 Filter 2 Crystallizer Product
(kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr)

Cobalt 5.73 5.73 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 -
Manganese 5.18 5.18 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 -
Bromine 11.05 11.05 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 -
Water 397 4147 24 1126 1115 1064 2.37
Acetic acid 20.06 20.06 3.01 3.01 2.56 2.56 -
Benzoic acid 93.38 93.38 82.5 82.5 79.97 79.97 76.77
Terephthalic 28.04 28.04 23.83 23.83 0.05 0.05 -

acid
Organic 57.23 57.23 48.65 48.65 0.07 0.07 -
acids
Total 617.67 4367.6 183.75 1285.7 1199.4 1148.4 79.14
𝑑(𝑚𝑈) 1 2
+ ∆[ 𝐻 + 𝑢 + 𝑧𝑔 𝑚] = 𝑄 + 𝑊𝑠
𝑑𝑡 2
 Steady state implies that accumulation is
zero.
 ∆K.E.=0
 ∆P.E.=0
 Ws=0
The equation reduces to,
𝑄 = 𝑚(∆𝐻)
Feed Water Output
Enthalpy (kW) 16 130.55 195.4
Q=48.85 kW
 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
 Q= 1300 kW
∆𝑃 ∆𝑃𝑓
 𝑔∆𝑧 + − +𝑊 =0
𝜌 𝜌
 ∆𝑃=0 (as the two vessels operate at
atmospheric pressure)
∆𝑃𝑓
 𝑊= + 𝑔∆𝑧
𝜌
Mixer
Evaporator
Condenser
Filter
Crystallizer
Parameter Value
Residence time 40 min
Mixer Volume 5.7 m3
Diameter 1.54 m
Height 3.08m
L/D 2
Thickness 10 mm
Temperature 40 °C
Agitator type Pitched-blade
turbine
Number of 4
Baffles
Heating coil 4
turns
Parameter Value
Type Falling-film
Number of effects 2
T (1st effect) 100 °C

P (1st effect) 1 atm
T (2nd effect) 70 °C
P (2nd effect) 0.35 atm
Area 10.6 m2
Number of tubes 20
Mass of steam 2600 kg/hr

Capacity 3942 kg/hr
Steam Economy 1.52
Parameter Value
No. of tubes 230
Length of Tube 12 ft
BWG 14
Material of Construction Carbon Steel
Outer Diameter Tube 0.75 in

Pitch 0.94 in
Tube Arrangement Square
Tube Passes 2
Velocity 4.92 fps
Pressure Drop in Tubes 1.88 psi
Heat Transfer Area 85 ft2
Inter Diameter of Shell 20.48 in
Baffle Spacing 20.48 in
Pressure Drop in Shell 0.0144 psi
Uc 448 Btu/hr.ft2 °F
Rd 0.0002 hr.ft2 °F/Btu
Parameters Value
Filter type Rotary Vacuum
Filter
Cake thickness 15 mm
Dry cake weight 20 kg/(m2.cycle)
Cycle time 4 min
Drum speed 0.25 rpm
Wash liquid 4.44 lit/(m2.cycle)
volume
Drum area 10.36 ft2

Parameter Value
Type Vacuum
Crystallizer
Temperature 20 °C
Pressure 4 kPa
Retention time 3 hours
Yield 96%
Volume 7 m3
Height 2m
Area available 3.4 m2
for
vaporization
Guide words Meanings Comments
The complete negation of these No part of the intentions is achieved

NO or NOT
intentions but nothing else happens
These refer to quantities and

MORE properties such as flow rates and
Quantitative increases or decrease
LESS temperatures, as well as activities
like “HEAT” and “REACT”
All the design and operating

AS WELL AS A qualitative increase intentions are achieved together
with some additional activity
Only some of the intentions are

PART OF A qualitative decrease
achieved; some are not
No part of the original intention is

OTHER THAN Complete substitution achieved. Something quite different
happens
Guide Word Parameter Deviation Causes
Flow Less Inlet water Failure of

flowrate less V-101
than normal
Temperature More Temperature Failure of

of the mixer V-102
greater than
normal
Pressure More Higher Rupture

pressure of of the
the vessel internal
heating
coils
Purchased Cost of Equipments (PCE)
USD
90000
80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
Purchased Cost Of Equipments 323400
(PCE)
Life 10 Years
Physical Plant Cost (PPC) 695300
Rate of Return 15.25 %
Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) 940000
Variable Costs 275230

Pay Back Period –
Fixed Cost 166600 6.5
Normal (Year)
Annual Operating Cost 441900
Production cost ($/tonne) 640 All Costs In USD.

Profit Per Year 237268
 Sufficient recovery of the product
 Purification upto martket standard
 Low operating cost

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Benzoic Acid Recovery From Organic Cake: Assigned by

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BENZOIC ACID RECOVERY

FROM ORGANIC CAKE

Advisor: Eng. Syed Muhammad Tariq

•Available Processes and their comparison

Equipment •Equipment selection

Recovery by Evaporation Dissolution in

(kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr)

Manganese 5.18 5.18 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 -

Bromine 11.05 11.05 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 -

Water 397 4147 24 1126 1115 1064 2.37

Acetic acid 20.06 20.06 3.01 3.01 2.56 2.56 -

Benzoic acid 93.38 93.38 82.5 82.5 79.97 79.97 76.77

Terephthalic 28.04 28.04 23.83 23.83 0.05 0.05 -

Enthalpy (kW) 16 130.55 195.4

T (1st effect) 100 °C

Mass of steam 2600 kg/hr

Material of Construction Carbon Steel

Outer Diameter Tube 0.75 in

Drum area 10.36 ft2

The complete negation of these No part of the intentions is achieved

These refer to quantities and

All the design and operating

Only some of the intentions are

No part of the original intention is

Flow Less Inlet water Failure of

Temperature More Temperature Failure of

Pressure More Higher Rupture

Variable Costs 275230

Annual Operating Cost 441900

Production cost ($/tonne) 640 All Costs In USD.

 Purification upto martket standard

 Low operating cost

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