Training Viva PPT 4 Yr

PLC Automation
Summer Training Presentation

CONTENT:
 Introduction
 Different brands of PLC
 Architecture of PLC
 Types of input and output devices
 Hardware overview of Micrologix 1000
 Programming languages
 Programming of PLC
 Advantage of PLC
 SCADA
 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION:
 A PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC) is an industrial computer

control system that continuously monitors the state of input devices and
make decisions based upon a custom program to control the state of
output devices.
 In other words do works without human interfacing.
 Different components used in automation
 Sensors for sensing the input parameters
 Transmitters for transmitting the raw signal in electrical form
 Control system which includes PLC , DCS & PID controller
 Output devices
Why PLC?
 It was originally developed to replace mechanical relays , timer , counters.
 It is used to execute complicated control operation in plant.
 Its purpose is to monitor circuit process parameters and adjust process
operation in plant.
 It is used to change program or process without changing physical wiring
and field instruments
 Hence we can say that:
 Quality improves
 Cost decreases
 Safety increases
 Productivity increases
Brands of PLC in Indian
market
 Siemens PLC
 Allen Bradley (AB) PLC
 Omron PLC
 General electric(GE) PLC
 KPIT (INDIAN BRAND)
Series of Allen Bradley

 Micrologic
 Compact logic
 SLC
 Control logic
Architecture of a PLC:
A typical PL C can be divided into four components:
 Input / Output section
 Power supply
 The programming device
 Processor unit
Type of input and output devices
 Discrete Inputs: ON or OFF , OPEN or CLOSED

Push Buttons , Switches , Proximity sensor etc.
 Analog Inputs: Temperature , Pressure , Flow & Level sensor , Control Valves
 Discrete Output: ON or OFF condition
Lamp can be on off by PLC , Digital output
 Analog Output: Continuous output signal
Analog meter output are Speed , weight , temperature etc
Hardware Overview of Micrologix
1000:
 The Micrologix 1000 programmable controller containing a power supply ,
input circuits , output circuits, and a processor
Programing Languages used to
Program a PLC
 Ladder logic:
Ladder logic is the most commonly used PLC programming language
 Function block diagram (FBD)
 Structured Text(ST)
 Instruction List (IL)
 Sequential Function Chart (SFC)
Programming a PLC:
Some basic logics:
 NOT:
 AND:
 OR:
 NAND:
NOR:
Other functions in PLC:
 Timer functions: Used for timing functions.

 COUNTER FUNCTIONS: Most PLCs contain both UP and Down counters
which function similarly. The UP counter counts from 0 to a preset count,
where some indicating action takes place. The DOWN counter starts from a
preset number and counts down to 0, where the indicating action takes
place.
 Arithmetic Functions: Most PLCs have basic arithmetic fuctions. There are
four math functions add, multiply, divide and subtract.
SCADA
 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(SCADA), generally refers to an
industrial control system. It is a computer system monitoring and controlling
a process. The process can be industrial, infrastructure or facility based as
described below.
A SCADA System consists of the following
subsystems:
 HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE OR HMI : It is the apparatus which presents

process data to a human operator, and through this, the human operator,
monitors and controls the process. A supervisory system, gathering data on
the process and sending commands to the controller.
 REMOTE TERMINAL UNIT (RTU’S) : connecting to sensors in the process,
converting sensor signals to digital data and sending digital data to the
supervisory system.
 PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC’S) : used as a field devices
because they are more economical, versatile, flexible, and configurable
than special-purpose.
Features of SCADA:
 Dynamic Process Graphic: SCADA should have a very good library of symbols
so that we can develop the mimic as per the requirement. Once the operator
sees the screen he should know what is going on in the plant.
 Real Time and Historic Trends: the trends play very important role in the process
operation. If your batch fails or the plant trips, we can simply go to the historical
trends data and do the analysis.
 Alarms: indicate to the operator when something goes wrong. An alrm can
signal that a device or process has stopped.
 Recipe management: When several products are being manufactured in an
industry then with the help of SCADA we can load the recipe of several
products.
 Security: It provides features which can ensure the safety of operators,
engineers and other industry personnel.
 Device Connectivity: SCADA software should have connectivity to the different
hardware used in automation. It should not happen that for Modicon I a person
is buying one software and for seimens another one. The softwares like Aspic or
wonderware has connectivity to almost all hardwares used in automation.
Types of SCADA:
 D+R+N: Where D stands for development, R stands for run and N stands for
networking. This type of SCADA enables user to develop, run as well as
network hardware and software with the help of it.
 R+N: Where R stands for run and N stands for networking.
 Factory view: view only.
Applications of SCADA:
 Electric power generation, transmission and distribution: Electric utilities use

SCADA systems to detect current flow and line voltage, to monitor the
operation of circuit breakers, and to take sections of the power grid online
or offline.
 Water and sewage: State and municipal water utilities use SCADA to
monitor and regulate water flow, reservoir levels, pipe pressure and other
factors.
 Buildings, facilities and environments: Facility managers use SCADA to
control HVAC, refrigeration units, lighting and entry systems.
Softwares of SCADA
 Rockwell-RS view 32
 Siemens-winCC
 Wonderware-Intouch
 GE-Intellation
Snaps:
Conclusion:
PLC and SCADA applications are in typically highly customized system. PLC
costs low compared to the cost of a specific custom – built controller design.
In general, PLCs are more robust and require less maintenance, SCADA
provides better insight into dynamic and real time operation of any industrial
plant, thus making the things control the work better in spite of different
environmental conditions.
Overall, PLC and SCADA have revolutionized our industries and the way of
dealing with different problems.
Thankyou…

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What are the main components of a PLC?

What are some common PLC programming languages?

PLC Automation

Summer Training Presentation

 A PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC) is an industrial computer

Series of Allen Bradley

 Discrete Inputs: ON or OFF , OPEN or CLOSED

 Timer functions: Used for timing functions.

 HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE OR HMI : It is the apparatus which presents

 Electric power generation, transmission and distribution: Electric utilities use

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