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Sulfuric Acid and Oleum

This document provides details on the contact process for producing sulfuric acid and oleum from sulfur. It gives the reactions and calculations to determine: 1) The compositions of gases from the burner and converter. 2) The weight of 85% sulfuric acid solution produced per kg of raw sulfur, which is 2.823 kg. 3) The weight of 5% oleum produced per kg of raw sulfur, which is 4.5 kg.

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521 views9 pages

Sulfuric Acid and Oleum

This document provides details on the contact process for producing sulfuric acid and oleum from sulfur. It gives the reactions and calculations to determine: 1) The compositions of gases from the burner and converter. 2) The weight of 85% sulfuric acid solution produced per kg of raw sulfur, which is 2.823 kg. 3) The weight of 5% oleum produced per kg of raw sulfur, which is 4.5 kg.

Uploaded by

patrickstar155
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING CALCULATIONS 2

(ChE11 – A2)

PROFESSOR: EDWIN RICHARD R. ORTIZ, M. Eng

TITLE: Stoichiometry of fuel combustion: Production of Sulfuric Acid and Oleum

SUBMITTED AND REPORTED BY:


Achas, Carah
Centural, Bernadeth Jan
Valmoria, Arvin
PRODUCTION OF
SULFURIC ACID AND OLEUM
OLEUM
 A dense corrosive liquid consisting of concentrated
sulfuric acid and excess sulfur trioxide in solution.
 EMPIRICAL FORMULA: H2S2O7
Methods of producing sulfuric acid and oleum

 Contact Process
- Can produce concentrated H2SO4 and oleum

 Chamber Process
- Produces weak H2SO4
- Cannot produce oleum
CONTACT PROCESS
Raw sulfur, 96% is burned in dry excess air producing a gas with an orsat analysis of
18%SO2, 0.50%O2, and 81.50%N2. The burner gases are fed to a catalytic
converter together with 20% excess secondary air resulting n the oxidation of 60% of
the SO2 to SO3. the gases from the converter enter an absorber to produce the acid.
Assuming no further oxidation of the SO2 taking place in the absorber, calculate:
a) Complete analysis of the burner gas
b) Complete analysis of the converter gas
c) Wt. of an 85% concentrated H2SO4 solution per kg raw S charged if the absorbing
acid is 40%H2SO4
d) Wt. of a 5% oleum formed per kg raw S charged if the absorbing acid is a
90%H2SO4 solution.
SOLUTION: Basis 100 moles SO3 free burner gas
Burner Analysis:
Primary O2 from air = 81.5(21/79) = 21.66 moles O2
O2 unaccounted = 21.66 – 18 – 0.5 = 3.16 mole O2
S converted to SO3 = 3.16(2/3) = 2.10 moles SO3 formed in BG
Total wt. of raw S = (2.10 + 18.0)(32)(1/0.96) = 670

a) Complete analysis of Burner Gas (ANS)


GAS n n%
SO2 18 17.63%
O2 0.5 0.49%
N2 81.5 79.82%
SO3 2.1 2.06%
Total 102.1
Converter Analysis:
Theo O2 for complete conversion of SO2 to
SO3
=(1/2)(nSO2) – (moles free O2 in burner gas)
=(1/2)(18) – (0.5) = 8.5

Secondary O2 from air = (8.5)(1.2) = 10.2


Secondary N2 from air = (10.2)(79/21) = 38.37

SO2 converted to SO3 = (0.6)(18) = 10.8 b) Complete analysis of Converter Gas


reaction: SO2 + ½ O2  SO3 (ANS)
(10.8) (5.4) (10.8)
GAS n n%
SO2 7.2 4.96
SO2 unreacted = 18 – 10.8 = 7.2 O2 5.3 3.65
O2 after reaction = 0.5 + 10.2 – 5.4 = 5.3 N2 119.87 82.51
N2 after reaction = 81.5 + 38.37 = 119.87 SO3 12.9 8.88
SO3 after reaction = 2.1 + 10.8 = 12.9 TOTAL 145.27
Absorber Analysis:
Let y = wt of 85% H2SO4 solution formed
y – 12.9(80) = y – 1032 = wt. of 40% H2SO4 used
H2SO4 balance:
0.4(y – 1032) + 1032(98/80) = 0.85y
y = 1892kg/100 moles SO3 free burner gas
c) Wt. of 85% acid/kg raw S = 1892/670 = 2.823 (ANS)
Let z = wt. of 5% oleum formed
z – 1032 = wt. of 90% H2SO4 acid used
SO3 balance:
0.9(z – 1032) (80/98) + 1032 = 0.05z + 0.95z(80/98)
z = 3014.83kg/100 moles SO3 free burner gas
d) Wt. of 5% oleum/kg raw S = 3014.83/670 = 4.5 (ANS)

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