Project Quality Management: Group Members Faria Noor Sara Sarwar Nimra Zafar

Project Quality
Management
Group Members
Faria Noor
Sara Sarwar
Nimra Zafar
Project Constraints
Quality Management Processes
Plan Quality
Management
Manage
Quality
Integrated View
8. Project 8.1 Plan 8.2 Manage 8.3

Quality Quality Quality Control
Management Quality
1. Plan Quality Management
ITTOs – Inputs
 Project Charter
◦ The project charter is the document issued by the
project initiator or sponsor that formally
authorizes the existence of a project.
 Project Management Plan

◦ Requirements management plan
◦ Risk management plan
◦ Stakeholder engagement plan
◦ Scope baseline
ITTOs –Inputs, Project Documents
 Assumption Log
◦ Identifies assumptions about the product, project,
environment, stakeholders, and other factors that can
influence requirements.
 Requirements documentation
◦ It captures the requirements that the project and
product should attain to meet stakeholder
expectations.
 Requirements traceability matrix.
◦ The requirements traceability matrix is a grid that
links product requirements from their origin to the
deliverables that satisfy them.
Requirements traceability matrix
ITTOs –Inputs, Project Documents
 Risk register
◦ The risk register contains information on threats
and opportunities that may impact quality
requirements.
 Stakeholder Register
◦ Identify stakeholders who can provide information
on the requirements.
ITTOs – Inputs
 EEFs (Governmental agency regulations;
Rules, standards, Organizational structure
etc.)
 OPAs (Policies Procedures, Quality templates,

Historical databases)
ITTOs - Tools and Techniques
 Expert Judgement – (Quality assurance,
Quality control, Quality measurements)
 Data Gathering
◦ Benchmarking
 Compares actual or planned project practices to those
of comparable projects to identify best practices and
provide a basis for measuring performance
◦ Brainstorming
 Generate and collect multiple ideas related to project
and product requirements
◦ Interviews
 Data Analysis
◦ Cost-benefit analysis
◦ Cost of quality
 Decision Making
◦ Multicriteria decision analysis tools- used to
identify key issues and suitable alternatives to be
prioritized as a set of decisions
 Data Representation
◦ Flowcharts (SIPOC Model)

◦ Logical data model
 Visual representation of an organization’s data
◦ Matrix diagrams
 To identify the presence and strengths
of relationships between two or more lists of items.
◦ Mind mapping
 Used to collect and consolidate ideas created through
brainstorming sessions with the team members
SIPOC MODEL
 Test And Inspection Planning
◦ During the planning phase, the project team
determine how to test or inspect the deliverable
◦ Tests include Alpha and beta tests, strength tests,
field tests and nondestructive tests etc.
 Meetings
◦ Project teams may hold planning meetings to
develop the quality management plan.
Data Analysis
 Cost-benefit analysis
◦ A financial analysis tool used to determine the best
alternative in terms of benefits provided.
◦ Helps the project manager determine if the planned

quality activities are cost effective.
◦ This analysis for each quality activity compares the

cost of the quality step to the expected benefit.
Data Analysis
 Cost of quality.
◦ The cost of quality (COQ) associated with a project
consists of one or more of the following costs:
ITTOs – Outputs
 Quality Management Plan:
◦ Describes how applicable policies, procedures, and
guidelines will be implemented to achieve the
quality objectives
◦ Describes the activities and resources
 Quality Metrics
◦ Describes a project or product attribute
◦ Describes how the Control Quality process will
verify compliance to it.
◦ Quality metrics include percentage of tasks
completed on time, failure rate, customer
satisfaction scores etc.
ITTOs – Outputs
 Project Management Plan Updates
◦ Risk management plan
◦ Scope baseline
 Project Documents Updates
◦ Lessons learned register

 (Provides information on effective requirements collection
techniques, from previous projects)
◦ Requirements traceability matrix
◦ Risk register
◦ Stakeholder register
Plan Quality Management – Flow
2. Manage Control
 Manage Quality is the process of translating
the quality management plan into executable
quality activities that incorporate the
organization’s quality policies into the
project.
 It increases the probability of meeting the

quality objectives as well as identifying
ineffective processes and causes of poor
quality
ITTOs – Inputs
 Project management plan
◦ It defines the acceptable level of project and product
quality
◦ Describes what to do with nonconforming products
and what corrective action to implement.
 Project Documents
◦ Quality control measurements
 Analyze, evaluate and compare the quality of the
processes and deliverables of the project against the
requirements specified
◦ Quality metrics
◦ Risk report
ITTOs – Inputs
 Organizational Process Assets
◦ The organizational process assets that can

influence the Manage Quality process include
 Organizational quality management system that

includes policies, procedures, and guidelines;
 Quality templates such as check sheets, traceability
matrix, test plans, test documents, and others;
 Results from previous audits
 Lessons learned repository with information from
similar projects.
ITTOs- Tools & Techniques
1- Data Gathering
◦ Checklist
 A checklist is a list of items, actions, or points to be
considered. It is often used as a reminder.
2- Data Analysis
◦ Alternatives analysis
◦ Document analysis
◦ Process analysis
◦ Root cause analysis (used to determine the basic
underlying reason that causes a variance, defect, or
risk)
3- Decision Making
◦ Multicriteria decision analysis: used to evaluate
several criteria when discussing alternatives that
impact project or product quality.
4- Data Representation
◦ Affinity diagrams
 Affinity diagrams allow
large numbers of ideas to be
classified into groups for
review and analysis.
Data Representation
◦ Cause-and-effect diagrams
 This type of diagram breaks down the causes of the
problem statement identified into discrete branches,
helping to identify the main or root cause of the
problem
Data Representation
◦ Flowcharts
 Flowcharts show a series of steps that lead to a defect.
◦ Histograms
 Histograms show a graphical representation of
numerical data.
◦ Matrix diagrams
 This shows the strength of relationships among factors,
causes, and objectives that exist between the rows and
columns that form the matrix.
◦ Scatter diagrams
 A scatter diagram is a graph that shows the relationship
between two variables
5- Audits
◦ Determine if project activities comply with
organizational and project policies, processes, and
procedures
6- Design For X
◦ Set of technical guidelines that may be applied during
the design of a product for the optimization of a
specific aspect of the design
7- Problem Solving
◦ Problem solving entails finding solutions for issues or
challenges
8- Quality Improvement Methods (Plan-do-check-
act and Six Sigma)
ITTOs – Outputs
 Quality Reports
◦ The quality reports can be graphical, numerical, or

qualitative.
◦ Quality reports may include recommendations for
process, project, and product improvements;
corrective actions recommendations and the
summary of findings from the Control Quality
process.
ITTOs – Outputs
 Test And Evaluation Documents
◦ They are inputs to the Control Quality process and
are used to evaluate the achievement of quality
objectives.
◦ May include checklists and detailed requirements
traceability matrices.
 Change Requests
◦ If changes occur during the Manage Quality
process, the project manager should submit a
change request.
ITTOs – Outputs
◦ Components that may require a change request for

the project management plan include
 Quality management plan

 Scope baseline
 Schedule baseline
 Cost baseline
ITTOs – Outputs
◦ Project documents that may be updated as a result

of carrying out this process include
 Issue log (New issues raised as a result of this

process are recorded in the issue log)
 Lessons learned register
 Risk register
Manage Quality – Flow Diagram
3. Control Quality
 Control Quality is the process of monitoring and
recording results of executing the quality
management activities in order to assess
performance and ensure the project outputs are
complete, correct, and meet customer expectations
ITTOs – Inputs
 Project Management Plan

◦ defines how quality control will be performed
within the project.
 Project Documents
◦ Quality metrics
◦ Test and evaluation documents.
ITTOs - Inputs
 Approved Change Requests
◦ May include modifications such as defect repairs,
revised work methods, and revised schedules
 Deliverables
◦ A deliverable is any unique and verifiable product,
result, or capability to perform a service that is
required to be produced to complete a process,
phase, or project.
ITTOs - Inputs
 Work Performance Data
◦ contains data on product status such as observations,
quality metrics, and measurements for technical
performance
 Enterprise Environmental Factors

◦ EEFs (Governmental agency regulations; Rules,
standards, Organizational structure etc.)
 Organizational Process Assets

◦ OPAs (Policies Procedures, Quality templates,
Historical databases)
ITTOs - Tools & Techniques
 Data Gathering
◦ Checklists
◦ Check sheets
 useful for gathering attributes data while performing
inspections to identify defects
Data Gathering
◦ Statistical sampling
 Involves choosing part of a population of interest for
inspection
 The sample is taken to measure controls and verify
quality
◦ Questionnaires and Surveys

 Gather data about customer satisfaction after the
deployment of the product or service
 Data Analysis
◦ Performance reviews
◦ Root cause analysis (RCA)
 Inspection
◦ An inspection is the examination of a work product
to determine if it conforms to documented
standards
 Testing/Product Evaluations
◦ Conducted to provide objective information about
the quality of the product or service under test in
accordance with the project requirements to find
any nonconformance problems in the product or
service
 Data Representation
◦ Cause-and-effect diagrams
◦ Control charts
 Control charts are used to determine whether or not
a process is stable or has predictable performance.
 used to monitor various types of output variables
◦ Histograms
◦ Scatter diagrams
 Meetings
◦ Approved change requests review
◦ Retrospectives/lesson learned
ITTOs - Outputs
 Quality Control Measurements
◦ documented results of Control Quality activities
 Verified Deliverables
◦ The results of performing the Control Quality process
are verified deliverables that become an input to the
Validate Scope process for formalized acceptance
 Work Performance Information

◦ Includes information on project requirements
fulfillment, causes for rejections, lists of verified
deliverables, and the need for process adjustments
etc.
ITTOs - Outputs
 Change Requests
◦ If changes occur during the Manage Quality process,
the project manager should submit a change
request.

◦ Components that may require a change request for
the project management plan include
 Quality management plan

 Scope baseline
 Schedule baseline
 Cost baseline
ITTOs - Outputs
◦ Project documents that may be updated as a result

of carrying out this process include
 Issue log (New issues raised as a result of this

process are recorded in the issue log)
 Lessons learned register
 Risk register
 Test and evaluation documents
Control Quality Management: Flow
Quality Management Process
Interrelations

Project Quality Management: Group Members Faria Noor Sara Sarwar Nimra Zafar

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What are the main quality management processes discussed?

What are the main quality management processes discussed?

What are some of the tools and techniques used in quality management?

What are some of the tools and techniques used in quality management?

Project Quality

8. Project 8.1 Plan 8.2 Manage 8.3

 Project Management Plan

 OPAs (Policies Procedures, Quality templates,

◦ Flowcharts (SIPOC Model)

◦ Helps the project manager determine if the planned

◦ This analysis for each quality activity compares the

 Project Documents Updates

◦ Lessons learned register

 It increases the probability of meeting the

◦ The organizational process assets that can

 Organizational quality management system that

◦ The quality reports can be graphical, numerical, or

◦ Components that may require a change request for

 Quality management plan

◦ Project documents that may be updated as a result

 Issue log (New issues raised as a result of this

 Project Management Plan

 Enterprise Environmental Factors

 Organizational Process Assets

◦ Questionnaires and Surveys

 Work Performance Information

 Project Management Plan Updates

 Quality management plan

◦ Project documents that may be updated as a result

 Issue log (New issues raised as a result of this

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