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Removable Orthodontics Appliances Springs, Screws and Elastics

The document describes different types of removable orthodontic appliances including springs, screws, and elastics. It discusses the classification, ideal requirements, factors in designing springs, and how different spring designs like finger springs, z-springs, and coffin springs are used to facilitate tooth movement. The document also outlines how screws and elastics can be used to achieve expansion, labial/buccal movement, and mesial/distal tooth movement.

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Srijan Singh
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710 views16 pages

Removable Orthodontics Appliances Springs, Screws and Elastics

The document describes different types of removable orthodontic appliances including springs, screws, and elastics. It discusses the classification, ideal requirements, factors in designing springs, and how different spring designs like finger springs, z-springs, and coffin springs are used to facilitate tooth movement. The document also outlines how screws and elastics can be used to achieve expansion, labial/buccal movement, and mesial/distal tooth movement.

Uploaded by

Srijan Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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REMOVABLE ORTHODONTICS APPLIANCES

SPRINGS, SCREWS AND ELASTICS


SPRINGS
CLASSIFICATION OF SPRINGS
• presense or absence of helix
1. Simple-without helix
2. Compound-with helix
• presences of loop or helix
1. Helical spring-have a helix
2. Looped springs-have a loop
• stability of the springs
1. Self supported springs-usually made of
thicker gauge wire. Thus they can support
themselves.
2. Supported springs-They are made of thinner
gauge wire , have flexibility but lacks
adequate stability, they are encased in
metallic tubing to give it aqequate stability
Classification of spring(in brief)

Springs

Presence or
Presence of
absence of Stability
loop or helix
helix

Simple spring
Compound Self
(without Loop Helical Supported
(with helix) supported
helix)
Ideal requirements of springs

• Simple to fabricate
• Should be easily adjustable
• Should be easy to clean
• Should be robust
• Should apply right magnitude of force and
direction
• Should remain active for a long duration of
time
Factors to be considered in designing a
spring
F=force applied by spring
• F=D4 D=diameter of wire
L=length of wire
L3
Diameter of wire: Flexibility of the springs to a large extent
depends upon diameter of wire. Greater is the diameter
greater is the force.

Length of wire: force can be decreased by increasing length


of wire. Thus springs that are longer more flexible and
remains active for long duration of time. By doubling the
length of wire force can be reduced by eight times.
 Patient comfort: spring should be comfortable to patient in
- design
- shape
- size
- be able to insert the appliances with springs in proper
position.
 Direction of tooth movement: The direction of tooth
movement is determined by the point of contact between
the springs and tooth.
 palatally placed springs are used when the tooth is to be
moved palatally and in mesio-distal direction
Finger springs
 “single cantilever springs” as one end is fixed in acrylic
and other end is free.
 Constructed by using 0.6mm of wire of SS
 Active arm=12-15mm in length, a helix of 3mm internal
diameter& retentive arm=4-5mm in length
 USES: mesio distal tooth movement when teeth are
correctly situated bucco-lingual direction, can also be
used for the correction of midline diastemas
 ACTIVATION- done by moving active arm towards the
teeth intended to be moved.
Cranked single cantilever spring
 Constructed with 0.5mm of SS wire.
 Springs is cranked to keep it clear of the other
tooth
 Uses: to move teeth labially.
 Activation: by unwinding the coil
Z-spring
 Called as “double cantilever spring”
 Constructed by using 0.5mm of SS wire.
 Coil should be placed perpendicular to palatal surface of
tooth.
 Springs can be made for movement of single incisors or
two incisors, also in the case of cross bites involving
incisors
 Activation: by opening helix by about 2-3mm at a time.
For minor rotation, only one helix is opened at a
time
T-spring
 Made of 0.5mm of wire
 Spring consist of “t” shaped arm whose arm
are embedded in acrylic
 Uses-buccal movement of premolar and some
canine
 Activated by pulling free end of the “t”
towards the intended direction of tooth
movement.
Coffin springs
 Made of 1.2mm SS wire.
 Consist of a “U”or “omega” shaped wire placed in the
midpalatal region with retentive arm incorporated in
base plates.
 Uses- in slow dentoalveolar arch expansion in patient
with upper arch constriction or in unilateral crossbite.
 Activation: holding the ends at the region of the clasp
and pulling them apart,
 Activation of (1-2)mm is considered appropriate
SCREWS
 consists of split acrylic plate and adams clasp
on posterior teeth.
 transmits the force to the base plate which in
result transmits the force to the tooth
 Activated at regular interval using a key that is
supplied to the patient
Screws can bring about 3 types of movements :-
1. Expansion of arch.
2. Movement of one or a group of teeth in
buccal or labial direction.
3. Movements of one or more teeth in
distal or mesial directions.
ELASTICS

 rarely used along with removable appliances


for anterior retraction using labial bow with hooks
distal to canine
Disadvantages:
 Gingival slipping resulting in the gingival trauma
 Abnormal uses may result in the abnormal tooth
movement, worsening of the bite and the
breaking of the appliances

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