Energy - Types of Energy

KS4 Energy - Types of Energy
What is energy?
Energy lets you do things.
Another name for energy is work

____
Joules
The units of energy are ______.
There are many different types of energy

you need to know about.
How many joules in a kilojoule? _______

1 000 J
Different types of energy
Light
1. ___________
Sound
2. ___________
Kinetic
3. ___________
Nuclear
4. ___________
Electrical
5. ___________
Chemical
6. ___________
Elastic
7. ___________
Gravitational
8. ___________
Heat
9. ___________
Nuclear energy
This is the energy stored in the nuclei of atoms.
When nuclei are joined together or split apart,

large amounts of energy are released.
Nuclear fusion Nuclei being split
Nuclear fission Nuclei joining together

Nuclear fusion
When atomic nuclei join together (fuse) it releases massive

amounts of energy.
Where does nuclear fusion happen in nature?

In the Sun and other stars.
Nuclear fission
When atomic nuclei are split apart it releases massive

amounts of energy.
Where does nuclear fission occur?

Nuclear power stations Atomic weapons
Nuclear energy summary
Nuclear energy is the energy stored in the n____

uclei of
atoms.
When atomic nuclei join together it is known as
usion When atomic nuclei are split apart it
nuclear f_____.
ission
is known as nuclear f_____.
ower s_____
Nuclear fission powers nuclear p____ tations and
atomic weapons.
tars
Nuclear fusion powers the Sun and other s____.
Light energy
Light is a type of electromagnetic

radiation.
Light travels in straight lines.
Light travels in transverse
waves.
Light transmits ENERGY.
Our Sun (a star) is a light
source, just like a filament lamp
or a firefly.
Which
Howcolour
do weofsee
light has
the the most
planets?
energy, redByorreflected
violet? violet
light.
Sound energy
ibrations
Sounds are caused by v_______.
ongitudinal
Sound travels in l_________
waves.
nergy
Sound transmits e____.
ouder the sound, the more
The l_____
energy it transmits.
uieter the sound, the less
The q_____
energy.
Heat energy
The hotter an object is, the more heat or

thermal energy it has.
Electrical devices use the fact that as electrons

flow along a conductor, friction between the
electrons and the conductor’s atoms occurs.
Whenever you get friction you get heat, so the
movement of electricity generates heat energy.
Some devices that are designed to

produce heat energy are:
Kettles
1. ________
Toasters
2. ________
Electric fires
3. ___________
Electrical energy
This is the energy electrons have as

they flow around a circuit.
Electricity is so useful because it is such a

convenient way to transfer energy to a desired
location or to a desired device.
What happens
Electricity
when the switch
flows and the
is closed?
bulb lights.
Elastic energy
If you squash or c_______

ompress an A Jack-in-the-box
object or material, when you let go stores elastic energy
otential
some materials have the p_______
to return to their original shape. We
call the energy stored in a
Boo!!!!
squashed or compressed material
lastic energy.
e_____
The same is true for materials that
tretched (put under t_____)
are s_______ ension
they too have the potential to return Press
to their original shape. They too
store elastic energy.
Chemical energy
When chemical bonds are broken they can release

energy. The energy stored in these chemical bonds
is referred to as chemical energy.
The three sources of chemical energy you need to know

about are:
Batteries
1. ___________
Fuels
2. ___________
Food
3. ___________
Gravitational energy
Any object in a gravitational field has gravitational

potential energy due to its position in that field.
The _____
Moon has gravitational potential energy
due to the gravitational field of the Earth.
The Earth
____ has gravitational potential energy
due to the gravitational field of the Sun.
Changes in gravitational potential energy
For an object in Earth’s gravitational field:
If an object falls will it gain If an object moves up will it

or lose gravitational gain or lose gravitational
potential energy? potential energy?
GPE=Wh
We can calculate the change in gravitational potential energy (GPE) for

a moving object using the formula below:
Change in GPE = Weight x Change in height
GPE=Wh
GPE measured in Joules (J)
Weight measured in Newtons (N)
Height measured in Metres (m)

A parachutist
A parachutist of weight 600N

jumps from a plane, 2000m
above the ground.
How much gravitational
potential energy will she have
lost when she reaches the
ground?
Change in GPE = Weight x change in height

=Wxh
= 600N x 2 000m
= 1 200 000 J
Kinetic energy
This is the energy possessed by an object

due to its movement.
What factors will increase the amount of
kinetic energy a moving object has?
The velocity of the object 
The shape of the object x
The mass of the object 
x
The height of the object
Mass and speed
If you increase the mass of a moving object you

increase the kinetic energy.
If you double the mass, you double the kinetic energy.
If you increase the speed of a moving object you
increase the kinetic energy.
BUT… If you double the speed, you quadruple the
kinetic energy.
This is why even if you are slightly above the speed
limit, you increase the kinetic energy of a moving car
a lot, this means it is harder to stop the car and there
is more chance of an accident.
KE=½m(v)²
We can calculate the kinetic energy (KE) for a moving object

using the formula below:
Kinetic Energy = ½x mass x(velocity)2
KE=½mv2
KE measured in Joules (J)
Mass measured in Kilograms (Kg)
Velocity measured in Metres per second (ms-1)

Rearranging the kinetic energy formula
You may be asked to rearrange the kinetic energy

formula so you can calculate the mass of a moving
object or the velocity of a moving object.
If you do not think you can rearrange the formula in
the examination, learn the rearranged formulae.
Do you know what the two formula would be for mass
and velocity?
Mass = 2KE Velocity = 2KE

(v)2 m
Kinetic energy calculation
A car has a mass of 400kg and a velocity of 10 ms-1,

what is the kinetic energy of the car?
Kinetic energy = ½ mass(velocity)2

= ½ x 400 x(10)2
= 20 000 J
What type of energy is stored in a coiled spring?
A. Sound
B. Kinetic
C. Elastic 
D. Gravitational
What type of energy is stored in baked beans?
A. Sound
B. Gravitational
C. Chemical 
D. Elastic
What is the change in gravitational potential
energy of a weight of 60N that moves through
a distance of 6m?
A. 10J
B. 360J 
C. 66J
D. 54J
What is the kinetic energy of a ball of mass 6kg
and velocity 5ms-1?
A. 75J 
B. 30J
C. 1.2J
D. 150J
What type of energy is stored in coal, oil and
natural gas?
A. Light
B. Heat
C. Sound
D. Chemical 

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KS4 Energy - Types of Energy

Energy lets you do things.

Another name for energy is work

There are many different types of energy

How many joules in a kilojoule? _______

This is the energy stored in the nuclei of atoms.

When nuclei are joined together or split apart,

Nuclear fusion Nuclei being split

Nuclear fission Nuclei joining together

When atomic nuclei join together (fuse) it releases massive

Where does nuclear fusion happen in nature?

When atomic nuclei are split apart it releases massive

Where does nuclear fission occur?

Nuclear energy is the energy stored in the n____

Light is a type of electromagnetic

The hotter an object is, the more heat or

Electrical devices use the fact that as electrons

Some devices that are designed to

This is the energy electrons have as

Electricity is so useful because it is such a

If you squash or c_______

When chemical bonds are broken they can release

The three sources of chemical energy you need to know

Any object in a gravitational field has gravitational

For an object in Earth’s gravitational field:

If an object falls will it gain If an object moves up will it

We can calculate the change in gravitational potential energy (GPE) for

Change in GPE = Weight x Change in height

GPE measured in Joules (J)

Weight measured in Newtons (N)

Height measured in Metres (m)

A parachutist of weight 600N

Change in GPE = Weight x change in height

This is the energy possessed by an object

If you increase the mass of a moving object you

We can calculate the kinetic energy (KE) for a moving object

Kinetic Energy = ½x mass x(velocity)2

KE measured in Joules (J)

Mass measured in Kilograms (Kg)

Velocity measured in Metres per second (ms-1)

You may be asked to rearrange the kinetic energy

Mass = 2KE Velocity = 2KE

A car has a mass of 400kg and a velocity of 10 ms-1,

Kinetic energy = ½ mass(velocity)2

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