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Rock Drilling Methods 5

This document discusses rock drilling methods used in mining and civil engineering. It describes the main types of drilling operations as manual and mechanized. The most common mechanical drilling methods are rotary percussive and rotary. Rocks are classified as igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary based on their formation. Key properties that affect drilling include hardness, strength, elasticity, and abrasiveness. The document provides an overview of different rock drilling systems and their fields of application.

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Mbambiko Nathan
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270 views16 pages

Rock Drilling Methods 5

This document discusses rock drilling methods used in mining and civil engineering. It describes the main types of drilling operations as manual and mechanized. The most common mechanical drilling methods are rotary percussive and rotary. Rocks are classified as igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary based on their formation. Key properties that affect drilling include hardness, strength, elasticity, and abrasiveness. The document provides an overview of different rock drilling systems and their fields of application.

Uploaded by

Mbambiko Nathan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

THE COPPERBELT UNIVERSITY

ROCK DRILLING METHODS


BY

JAIRUS PHILIP KALUMBA


MARTIN MULONGO JR
BRIAN CHILUFYA CHANDI
MATTHEWS CHANDA
MODWELL MUKUMBI
CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION
 TYPES OF DRILLING OPERATIONS USED IN ROCK
BREACKAGE
 FIELDS OF APPLICATION FOR DIFFERENT
DRILLING METHODS
 CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS AND PRINCIPAL
PROPERTIES
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
Rock drilling is the first operation carried out in
the field of blasting. This is done to open holes
with adequate geometry and distribution within
the rock masses, where the explosive charge will
be placed along with their initiation devices.
The rock drilling systems that have been developed and classified
according to their order of present day applicability are ;

Mechanical
Thermal
Hydraulic rock drilling
Sonic rock drilling
Chemical rock drilling
Electrical rock drilling
Seismic- laser ray
Nuclear
Though there so many rock drilling systems in mining and civil
engineering, drilling is carried out almost exclusively by mechanical
energy.
The main components of a drilling system of
this type (mechanical energy) are:
 The drilling rig which is the source of
mechanical energy.
 The drill steel which is the means of
transmitting that energy.
 The bit which is the tool that exercises that
energy upon the rock.
 The flushing air that cleans out and
evacuates the drilling cuttings and waste
produced.
TYPES OF DRILLING
OPERATIONS USED IN ROCK
BREACKAGE
There are two major types of drilling procedures:

 Manual-This is carried out with light equipment that


is hand held by the drillers. It is used in small
operations where, due to the size, other machinery
cannot be used or its cost is not justified.
 Mechanized-equipment is mounted on rigs with
which the operator can control all drilling parameters.
They are also self propelled or towable.
 On the other hand, the types of work in surface and in
underground operations can be classified in the
following groups;

 Bench drilling
 Drilling or drifting and tunneling
 Production drilling
 Drilling of raises
 Drilling rocks with overburden
 Rock supports
FIELDS OF APPLICATION FOR THE
DIFFERENT DRILLING METHODS

The two most used mechanical drilling methods


are;
Rotary percussive methods: use of top hammer
and down hole hammer
Rotary methods
Hard rock: penetration by crushing with tricones
Soft rock: penetration by cutting with drag bits
ROCK CLASSIFICATION AND THEIR PRINCIPAL PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
Blast hole drilling is almost always carried out in rock
masses
It is important to know different types of materials
and their basic properties.
IGNEOUS ROCKS
Formed from solidification of molten
mass called magma
If rock cools in contact with air and
water from the earth’s surface it is
classified as extrusive/volcanic igneous
rock.
When it cools underneath the earth’s
surface it is known as intrusive/plutonic
igneous rock.
Rate of cooling determines the grain size
of the mineral :
When slow, large grains are formed e.g.
Pegmatite
When fast, small grains are formed e.g.
Aplite
The intermediate form is known as
Porphyhry e.g. Granite
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Are derived from other pre-
existing endogenic rocks
through transformation of their
mineral components
they are intermediate between
igneous and sedimentary rocks
e.g. Gneiss.
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
70% of rocks on earth are
sedimentary
Formed by accumulation of
broken and decomposed rock
material, by chemical
precipitation of solubilized
minerals or by accumulation of
shells or other organic material:
animal/vegetable. e.g. Shale.
ROCK PROPERTIES THAT AFFECT DRILLING
• HARDNESS
• STRENGTH
• ELASTICITY
• PLASTICITY
• ABRASIVENESS
• TEXTURE
• STRUCTURE
CONCLUSION
Rock drilling operations used in rock breakage include:
Manual
Mechanical
Bench drilling
Production drilling
Drilling of raises
Drilling rocks with overburden
Rock supports
Rocks are classified into;
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
REFERENCES
 JIMENO ET AL, 1995, DRILLING & BLASTING OF ROCKS, FIRST
EDITION, LONDON & NEW YORK,TAYLOR & FRANCIS.
 Jack de la Vergne, 2003, Hard Rock Miner’s Handbook, 3rd edition,
Ontario, Canada, McIntosh Engineering Inc.
 George.H.Davis , Stephen .J. Reynolds,1996,STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
OF ROCKS AND REGIONS,2nd edition, John Wiley and Sons Inc. New
york.
THANK YOU ALL FOR
YOUR ATTENTION.
MAY GOD BLESS

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