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Fluid Coking: A Power Point Presentation On

The document describes fluid coking and flexicoking processes. Fluid coking uses two vessels, a reactor and burner, containing fluidized beds that circulate coke particles to crack heavy hydrocarbons into lighter products. Flexicoking integrates fluid coking with coke gasification to further upgrade residuum, producing syngas that can be used to manufacture fuels and chemicals. The dual gasification flexicoking process uses an air gasifier and steam gasifier to gasify coke and produce syngas.

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Joao Fernández
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183 views

Fluid Coking: A Power Point Presentation On

The document describes fluid coking and flexicoking processes. Fluid coking uses two vessels, a reactor and burner, containing fluidized beds that circulate coke particles to crack heavy hydrocarbons into lighter products. Flexicoking integrates fluid coking with coke gasification to further upgrade residuum, producing syngas that can be used to manufacture fuels and chemicals. The dual gasification flexicoking process uses an air gasifier and steam gasifier to gasify coke and produce syngas.

Uploaded by

Joao Fernández
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A

Power Point Presentation


on

FLUID COKING

Department of Presented By
Chemical Engineering, KAMALJEET CHAUHAN
UIET, Kanpur CSJMA14001390203
FLUID COKING
 Fluid coking is a continuous fluid bed technology.

 It thermally converts heavy hydrocarbons such as vacuum

residuum, atmospheric residuum, oil sands bitumen, heavy


whole crudes, deasphalter bottoms, or FCC bottoms to lighter
products.
 Fluid Coking is currently used commercially in refineries for

deep conversion and as the resource to upgrade heavy


oils/bitumens.
FLUID COKING
 Fluid coking uses two vessels.
 A reactor and a burner.
 Both the reactor vessel and burner vessel contain
fluidized beds with coke particles circulating between
the two vessel by fluidized solids techniques.
 Coke particles are circulated to transfer heat to the
reactor.
 The residuum is cooled by distributing it as a thin
film of liquid on the outside of the hot coke particles.
Fluid coking process
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
 Heated by the produced coke
 Cracking reactions occur inside the heater and the fluidized-bed reactor.
 The fluid coke is partially formed in the heater.
 Hot coke slurry from the heater is recycled to the fluid reactor
to provide the heat required for the cracking reactions.
 Fluid coke is formed by spraying the hot feed on the already-formed
coke particles.
 Reactor temperature is about 520°C, and the conversion into coke is
immediate, with complete disorientation of the crystallites of product
coke.
 The burning process in fluid coking tends to concentrate the metals, but
it does not reduce the sulfur content of the coke.
Characteristics of fluid coke:
 High sulfur content,
 Low volatility, poor crystalline structure, and low
grindability index.

 Flexicoking, fluid coking with coke


integrates gasification.
 Most of the is gasified. Flexicoking
coke
gasification produces a substantial concentration of
the metals in the coke product.
Flexicoking
Flexicoking process integrates
conventional fluid coking with coke
gasification process for upgrading heavy
resids.
The gasification is effected by the
addition of air and steam to a fluidized
solids vessels.
The gaseous products are subsequently
treated to produce a clean fuel gas.
Process description

Conventional
flexicoking process.
Dual gasification
flexicoking process.
Conventional
flexicoking
In the simplified flexicoking process residuum
feed is injected into the reactor where it is
thermally cracked to a full range of vaporized
products plus coke, which is deposited on the
fluidized coke particles.
The heavier fractions are condensed in the
scrubber and are normally recycled back to the
coking reactor.
The lighter fractions proceeds overhead from
the scrubber to a conventional fractionator.
The heat required for the endothermic reaction
in the reactor is supplied by a circulating hot-
coke stream from the heater.
In the gasifier, oxygen which enters at the
bottom of the bed can react in two ways.

If it reaches a coke particles, it reacts to


produce a mixture of CO and CO2.
Secondly, oxygen can react in the void space
between particles with the CO which has been
formed to produce more CO2.
Throughout most of the bed, the slow reaction
are dominant.
Figure: Convection flexicoking process.
Dual gasification
flexicoking
In the air gasifier, coke is burned with air to
provide heat of reaction for the reactor.
The steam gasifier with resulting production
of low heating value coke gas.
In the steam gasifier, a H2/CO rich synthesis
gas is produced which can either be water
gas shifted for H2 manufacture or used as a
synthesis gas.
The synthesis gas produced in dual
gasification flaxicoking can be used in a
variety of ways, including manufacture of
Coke is circulated to the air gasifier where it is
burned with air to form CO2.
Hot coke is also circulated to the steam
gasifier where the gasification of carbon with
steam to form CO and H2 is one of the
predominant reactions taking place.
As the result of the steam gasification, all of
the components necessary for water gas
shift reaction are present, and at the
condition of the steam gasifier this reaction is
at equilibrium.
Since the water gas shift reaction produces
some CO2, gasification of coke with this
Coke Gas
Reactio
n Sulphur
PSrcorud Removel
bubcter
s Coke Fines
Removal Sulphur
Recy
cle Synthesis
Resi Fee Coke Gas
Feed d Fines

Reacto Heate
r r
Air Steanm
Gasifie
r Gasifier
Steam

Purge
Coke
Steam

Air

Figure: Dual gasification flexicoking process.

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