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CH 08

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Nusrat Shameema
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66 views

CH 08

Uploaded by

Nusrat Shameema
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 8

Circuit Switching
and
Telephone Network
McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004
8.1 Circuit Switching

Space-Division Switch

Time-Division Switch

TDM Bus

Combinations
McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004
Figure 8.1 Circuit-switched network

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.2 A circuit switch

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.3 A folded switch

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.4 Crossbar switch

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.5 Multistage switch

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.6 Switching path

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.7 Time-division multiplexing, without and with a time-slot interchange

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.8 Time-slot interchange

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.9 TDM bus

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.10 TST switch

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


8.2 Telephone Network

Major Components
LATAs
Making a Connection
Analog Services
Digital Services
A Brief History

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.11 A telephone system

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Note:

Intra-LATA services are provided by


local exchange carriers. Since 1996,
there are two types of LECs:
incumbent local exchange carriers and
competitive local exchange carriers.

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.12 Switching offices in a LATA

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.13 POPs

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Figure 8.14 Rotary and touch-tone dialing

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004


Note:

Voice communication used analog


signals in the past, but is now moving
to digital signals. On the other hand,
dialing started with digital signals
(rotary) and is now moving to analog
signals (touch-tone).

McGraw-Hill ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

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