United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov.

2006

University of Perugia
ITALY
Department of Industrial Engineering
Energy Systems Group

Main activities in University of Perugia about

Technologies for Greenhouse Gases Mitigation

Stefania Proietti, PhD

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Scientific Activities in Cycle Efficiency

and Low CO2 Emissions
• Since 1988: Kalina cycles and Ammonia-water mixtures cycles
• Since 1993: HAT cycles, combined gas-steam cycles and gas
turbines based innnovative cycles
• Since 1997: CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS)
 simulation activities with Aspen Plus of several configurations of post and
pre decarbonization, integrated with different types of plants.
 development of in-house models integrated with Aspen Plus for specific
modelization of components

• Since 1998: High temperature fuel cells and hybrids

 experimental activities: our laboratory is the only Academic laboratory in
Italy where MCFC and SOFC testing facilities are available.
 numerical activities in fuel cell and hybrids simulation with particular
interest in the utilization of fuels derived from renewable energy sources
(biomass)
• Since 2000: Biomass slow pyrolysis with gas turbines and
reciprocating engines
 simulation activities of small size pyrolysis gas fired gas turbines
 pilot plant with a biomass pyrolyzer and a microturbine installed at the
University of Perugia.

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Activities on CO2 Mitigation

• Numerical simulations of CO2 capture systems with commercial

softwares (Aspen Plus®)
• Devolopment of in-house built codes for modelling innovative
capture systems
• Techno-economic analysis of power plants (GateCycle®) with
integrated CO2 capture systems
• Studies for the installation of capture systems in existing
power plants
• Development of models and simulation of power plants with
pre- or post-combustion decarbonization

• Technical and economic analysis of CO2 mitigation technologies

• Biomass utilization in advanced power plants

• Fuel cells and hybrids using renewable energy sources

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Activities on Post-Combustion CO2 Capture

Analysis of Gas-Steam Combined Cycle with amine absorption system
for CO2 capture

Related Article: Desideri, U., Proietti, S., CO2 Capture and Removal System for a Gas-Steam Combined Cycle, Presented at:
International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, November 17-22, 2002, New Orleans, LA.

• Power Plant: Single pressure Combined Cycle. Gate Cycle® simulation.

• CO2 capture system: MEA 30%. CO2 liquefied at 140 bar. Aspen Plus® simulation.

Base NGCC power

NGCC plant
power with CO2
plant recovery
Net power output 102 85
[MW]
Efficiency [%] 49.4 41.1
% CO2 recovered -- 90
Steam extraction for
-- 24.66
the reboilers [kg/s]
% avoided CO2 -- 87.5

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Activities on Post-Combustion CO2 Capture

Techno-Economic analysis of an amine absorption system for an
existing coal power plant (2x75 MWe)

Basis for economic analysis

Coal cost = 1.24 $/GJ
Capital cost = 1150 $/kWE vs. 2090 $/kWE Cost of avoided CO2 =
47 $/ton ~ 37 €/ton
Cost of Electricity
0,09
 $ kWh capture   $ kWh curr
0,08 CAC 
0,07
Solvent
 t kWh curr   t kWh capture
0,06
Fuel
0,05
$/kWh

0,04 O&M
0,03 Capital
0,02
0,01
0,00
Current With Capture

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Activities on Pre-Combustion CO2 Capture

Aspen Plus® simulation of Combined Cycle plants based on natural gas
Auto-Thermal Reforming (ATR)

Related Article: Corradetti, A., Desideri, U., Analysis of Gas-Steam combined cycle with Natural Gas refoming and CO 2 capture.
ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power – 2005, 127, 545-552

•ATR used for syngas production

air HP
HE1 • Syngas shift and cooling
PRE-REFORMER
ATR WHB steam HTS LTS
160°C
•CO2 capture by amine absorption

Natural
480°C •CO2 compression and liqefaction
Gas 400°C REG
•Power Production: Combined Cycle
~ 400 MW (GT: SIEMENS V94.3A)
HE2 •Different Configurations investigated,
including Post-Combustion and Gas-
MP
steam Exhaust
Liq Gas High Temperature Heat
CO2
Gas
STP Eschanger before ATR
HRSG ABS
Solv H2O

GT 35°C
•Efficiency ~ 47–48 %
MP HP TAV Lean
LP air Solv •CO2 emissions ~ 42 g/kWh
Rich Solv (reduction of 88%)
H2O

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Activities on Pre-Combustion CO2 Capture

Aspen Plus® simulation of Combined Cycle plants based on natural gas
Steam Methane Reforming (SMR)

•SMR used for syngas production

• Syngas shift and cooling
•CO2 capture by amine absorption
•CO2 compression and liqefaction

•Power Production: Combined Cycle

~ 400 MW (GT: SIEMENS V94.3A)

•Gas Turbine exhaust gas used as

oxidizer of SMR furnace

•Efficiency ~ 45 %

•CO2 emissions ~ 42 g/kWh

(reduction of 88%)

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Activities on Pre-Combustion CO2 Capture

Aspen Plus® simulation of hydrogen plant based on natural gas
reforming with CO2 capture and power cogeneration
Related Article: Corradetti, A., Desideri, U., A Techno-Economic Analysis of Different Options for Cogenerating Power in
Hydrogen Plants Based on Natural Gas Reforming, Presented at ASME Turbo Expo 2006, May 8-11, Barcelona. Paper accepted for
publication on Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power.

H2
CO2 to storage
(liquid - 150 bar) COMP
ZnO

A conventional H2 plant beds Pre-Ref

air
based on SMR, followed by SMR
Shift, CO2 capture and PSA 13%
off-gas

H2 +
Amine
unit has been investigated Absorption
impurities

in various configurations Unit CO2 to

stack
for power production, to WREM
HE5 HE6 HE7 HE8 HE9 HE10

determine performance, H2 HE11 H2

steam export

cost and the cost of carbon H2O

WKO NG
HE4

capture. feed
HTS
LTS HE3

Drum
HE2
HE1
BFW

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

International Master in Technologies for

Greenhouse Gases Mitigation
is the one and only master in the world concerning this topic !

The Master is organized by the University of Perugia, in cooperation with

the Université de Liège (Belgium) and Mälardalens Högskola (Sweden).

Objectives
Governments, authorities, industry, consultants, need competent
advisors who have a multidisciplinary formation ranging from physics of
the atmosphere, economics of energy sources, engineering of power
plants and energy systems, chemical engineering of capture and
removal systems. This kind of education cannot be achieved with
degrees in mechanical or energy or chemical engineering, but can be
achieved in the framework of the International Master in Technologies
for Greenhouse Gases Mitigation.

The Master includes also professional teaching modules that allow the
student to achieve a specialization for the auditing of GHG emission
certification as foreseen in the EU directive 87/2003/CE (Emission
trading).

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

International Master in Technologies for

Greenhouse Gases Mitigation
The Master lessons, followed by a training in industrial or academic
laboratories and the preparation of a Master’s thesis, will last one year
and will provide 60 ECTS.
Classes will be held at the School of Engineering of the University of
Perugia by professors from the cooperating universities and from other
important academic institutions and industry.

Structure of the course

The course is divided into 360 hours of lessons, and 500 hours for stage
and Master’s thesis preparation. The teaching modules are the
following:
The Earth and its climate, The Greenhouse effect, Political and
legislative aspects of climate changes, Economic aspects of energy
systems and greenhouse gases, Energy sources, High efficiency energy
systems, Renewable energy systems, Energy saving, Certification of
GHG emissions, Flexible mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol, Emission
Trading, Post combustion CO2 capture, Pre-combustion CO2 capture,
Non CO2 emissions mitigation, CO2 transport and storage, Non fossil
fuels and hydrogen, Fuel cells
University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering
 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

International Master in Technologies for

Greenhouse Gases Mitigation
The master can be attended by graduates in all specialization of
Engineering, Architecture, Science, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and
Environmental Sciences. All the lessons are held in English and
enrolment of students from all over the world is encouraged.
The Master is open to all the interested students.

The location
Perugia is a small town with a population of 150,000 inhabitants located
in central Italy, 150 km SE of Florence and 170 km NE of Rome in the
Region which is called Umbria and is considered as the Green Heart of
Italy. The University of Perugia was founded in 1308 and will celebrate
its 700th anniversary in 2008. The town of Perugia is a lively town with
a students population exceeding 30,000 people, making it one of the
most attractive University towns in Italy. It can be reached by plane
(PEG airport code), train and car. Nearby airports (Florence, Rome and
Ancona) can be reached from all over the world with normal and low
cost airlines.

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

International Master in Technologies for

Greenhouse Gases Mitigation
The University of Perugia has launched the third Course of the
International Master in Technologies for Greenhouse Gases Mitigation
that will be offered in 2007.

Contacts
Director: Professor Umberto Desideri
Location: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale - Via Duranti,
93 - 06125 Perugia, Italy
Internet: http://www.masterghg.unipg.it
e-mail Director: umberto.desideri@unipg.it
phone: +39 0755853743 – fax: +39 0755853736

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Spin-off of Perugia University

Based on research experiences and technical know how, the Energy

Systems people coordinated by Prof. Umberto Desideri founded 2
academic spin-off

TREE srl - Technologies for Greenhouse

Gases Reduction
and

BIONET srl – BIOmass and New

Tecnologies
Spin-off main target is to offer the synergy on research results
and practical engineering experience to an increasing number of
customers (industries, governmental and private institution
involved in GHG mitigation or trading)

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Spin-off of Perugia University

TREE srl - Technologies for Greenhouse Gases Reduction
EMISSION TRADING SYSTEM
•Audit of GHG emission certification
•Monitoring of GHG emission
•Advisory ab. EU directive 87/2003/CE
•Trading of emission certificates

CDM and JI PROJECT

GHG REDUCTION SYSTEMS and CCS

•Feasibility and project

ENERGY EFFICIENCY SYSTEMS

•Feasibility and project
•Trading of white certificates

ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITS

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering

 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Spin-off of Perugia University

BIONET srl – BIOmass and New Tecnologies
Focused on:

Biomass utilization in
advanced power plants

Feasibility study and project

of energy systems based on
biomass

Renewable energy plants:

feasibility and project
Biomass slow pyrolysis with gas
turbines and reciprocating engines: Biomass slow pyrolysis with
•simulation activities of small size pyrolysis gas turbines
gas fired gas turbines
Trading of green certificates
•pilot plant with a biomass pyrolyzer and a
microturbine (80 kW Elliot) installed at the
University of Perugia. ON RUN !
University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering
 United Nations Climate Change Conference COP12 and COP/MOP2 - Nairobi, 6-17 Nov. 2006

Thank you for your attention!

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

Contact: Stefania Proietti, Umberto Desideri

Dip. di Ingegneria Industriale - Università di Perugia
Via G. Duranti 93 - 06125 Perugia, Italy
Phone: +39 075 5853743 Fax: +39 075 5853736
stefania@unipg.it ; umberto.desideri@unipg.it

University of Perugia - Dept. Of Industrial Engineering