Mysore Palace Architecture
Mysore Palace Architecture
Mysore Palace Architecture
ARCHITECTURE
SHASHIDHAR C HATTI
VISHAL U SHETTAR
IV SEM B ARCH
MYSORE PALACE
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE
INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHYCAL INFLUENCE
Indo-Saracenic Architecture style is found
•The Indo-Saracenic (also known as Indo-Gothic, Hindu-
in these region
Gothic, Mughal-Gothic, Neo-Mughal) was an architectural style
movement by British architects . • Lucknow • Gwalior
•It drew elements from native Indo-Islamic and Indian temple • Jaipur • Allahabad
architecture, and combined it with the Gothic revival and Neo- • Calcutta
• Ajmer
Classical styles favored in Victorian Britain. • Mysore
• Jamnagar • Chennai
•Saracenic was a term used by the ancient Romans to refer to a
• Rajkot • Trivandrum
people who lived in desert areas in and around the Roman
province of Arabia • Baroda • Delhi
•The first Indo-Saracenic building is said to be the Chepauk • Mumbai
palace, located in the Chennai. This style of architecture is seen
in Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi and various other places in India.
INDO-SARACENIC STYLE
An architectural style movement
by British architects in the late 19th
century British India which drew elements from
native Indo-Islamic and Indian architecture, and
combined it with the Gothic revival and Neo- BRITISH UNDERSTANDING OF INDIAN ARCHITECTURE THAT
Classical styles favoured in Victorian Britain. Both Indian temple & Mughal is a typical style of Indian architecture
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE
BEFORE INDO SARCENIC STYLE OF Hindu
ARCHITECTURE: Architecture Classical
•The prevailing style of architecture was Mughal was in practice Romanesque
•By incorporating elements of Indian architecture, especially British Palette Gothic
Rajasthani Temple architecture. (Import) Renaissance
•Motifs such as chhajja ,corbel brackets with richly carved Islamic Baroque
pendentive decorations ,balconies, kiosks or chhatris and minars Architecture
were characteristic of the Hindu style.
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE
CLIMATIC INFLUENCE FOR ADAPTATION OF
STYLE
BEFORE 1857- European classical style (incorporating Greek STYLE
Initially the British built government buildings in European
and Roman Features such as columns, triangular pediments) Classical style without considering the impact of the context
employed for the public buildings: image as the holders of and climate. They used locally available material like stone ,
power and status and to distance themselves from the natives. wood . They started to construct in local style according to
REVOLT OF 1857- India began to be ruled under the British the reginal climate .as in temple architecture and Indo
crown: essential to legitimatize their rule and connect to the Islamic stone is used shading chajjas constructed , chattras
natives of the colonised land. were their to protect from warm climate, courtyards,
colonnades British adopted that.
CHARACTERISTICS :
• Onion (Bulbous) Domes
• Overhanging Eaves
• Pointed Arches, Cusped Arches, or Scalloped Arches
• Vaulted Roofs
• Many Miniature Domes, Domed Chhatris
• Towers or Minarets
• Harem Windows
• Open Pavilions, courtyard
• Pierced Open Arcading
Mysore palace • Indian order of columns
RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE • Indian order of capitals, brackets, entablatures
Previous Islamic rulers adopted temple architecture British • Chajjas, Carvings
period roman church architecture was introduced It is mix up off
temple , mosque and church
vaulted roof
VICTORIA MEMORIAL
•The Victoria Memorial is a large marble building in Kolkata
West Bengal, India which was built between 1906 and 1921.
•The building is 184 ft high up to the base of the figure of
Chepauk Palace, Chennai Gate way of India, Mumbai
Victory, which is another 16 ft high.
•The Memorial is situated on a 64 acreIt has 4 minarets or
towers ,at four corners of the memorial. LEADING ARCHITECTS
•Its symmetric in nature and follows a kind of grid pattern.
•The architect introduced forms from Hindu architecture,
1. ROBERT CHISHOLM
such as corbelled arches.
2. EDWIN LUTYENS
3. HERBERT BAKER
4. CHARLES MANT
5. HENRY IRWIN
Senate house- madras 6. WILLIAM EMERSON
7. GEORGE WITTET
8. F W. STEVENS
Henry Irwin :
architect of
Mysuru Palace
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE
OTHER BUILDINGS
AMBA VILAS PALACE (1900-1910),
MYSORE (HENRY IRWIN)
• fluted pillars from the Red Fort in Delhi,
• onion domes from the Taj Mahal, Mughal
• tracery and European halls.
• Indo-Venetian Gothic building
• Saracenic domes and Rajput arches.
• Dravidian style, Chajjas, Indian orders
Hindu iconography on
the capital Turrets
OTHER BUILDINGS • Designed to form two squares; broad
corridors between different wings and wide
stairways to the four floors.
• Each building is topped by a giant dome,
while each wing’s end
with colonnaded balcony.
• Colonnaded verandas
• Chhatris & Chajjas in red sand stone
CST, Mumbai 1805
Chhatris &
Chajjas in red
Columns and colonnaded verandas sandstone
Secretariat building ,New Delhi Secretariat building ,New Delhi RIPON BUILDING, CHENNAI 1913
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE : MYSURU PALACE
• MYSORE PALACE ALSO KNOWN AS AMBAVILAS PALACE LOCATED AT
INTRODUCTION
HEART OF THE CITY
• THIS IS THE MOST PROMINENT PALACE IN INDIA
• OLD FORT FACING THE CHAMUNDA HILLS STANDS AN OFFICAL
RESIDENCE OF WODEYAR DYNASTY
• IT DISPLAYS INDO SARSNIC STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE(Hindu, Islamic, &
Gothic)
• THE SUPER STRUCTURE IS REPLACEMENT OF THE WOODEN BUIDING .
• THE BUILDING COMPRISES TWO DURBAR HALLS , KALYAN MANTAPA
COURTYARD , WRESTLING COURT , GARDEN AT FRONT, RESIDENTIAL,
QUARTERS
• Location: Mysuru, Karnataka
• Coordinates: 12°18’14”N, 76°39’16”E
• Construction period: 1897 - 1912
• Cost of construction: 42 lakh (approx.)
• Ground floor area: 245ft x 156ft HISTORICAL INFLUENCE:
• Famous for: Dussehra festivities • CONSTRUCTED IN 1897-1912 ADDITIONS LATER IN 1930 PUBLIC DURBAR HALL
FIRE PROOF
• Architect: henry Irwin a British architect • MAHARANI INSITED NEW PALACE TO BE BUILD IN MODEL AND FOUNDATIONS
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF OLD ONE
• IN NEW CONSTRUCTINS STONE , BRICK ,AND IRON ARE USED
HISTORY
• Woderys came Gujarat Yadav community settled in Mysuru , Yaduraya built a first palace in
Mysuru fort in 1400 , that was dismantled.
• In 1897 wooden palace was destroyed by fire while the wedding ceremony taking palace
• that year itself the young monarch and his mother ,her majesty ,maharani vani vilas
sannidhana, delighted lord henry Irwin a British architect , to construct a new palace in 1897.
In 1940: addition of public durbar hall wing
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE : MYSURU PALACE
CLIMATIC INFLUENCE:
• The architect Henry Irwin referred many palace buildings before designing this
palace.
•He used design principles and our climatic conditions by designing a good ventilation
large court yards , verandas ,according to our climate
COURT YARDS VENTILATIONS GLASS CEILINGS
ECONOMIC INFLUENCE:
In the reconstrucons non combustible materials was used wherever possible they
avoided expensive materials
Initial stage the estimate was Rs 25 lakhs
The Mysore Palace has a rich history attested to The materials was used which are locally available to reduce the transportation cost.
They ordered manufactured local bricks for construction
it. It used to be the residence of the royal Cost of construction was rs.41,47,913 it was expanded in 1930 under the rule last
Wadiyar family of Mysore from 1350 to 1950, maharaja of the kingdom Jaya Chamarajendra Wodeyar
for almost 600 years. During its lifetime, the
palace had been built and rebuilt many times.
In 1940, several renovations were made in the
palace structure, which included the Public
Darbar Hall. The descendants of the royal
family continue to reside in one portion of the
Mysore Palace, while most of the palace is now
state-owned and converted into a museum.
PUBLIC DARBAR HALL Old wooden palace in 1890 Palace in 1912
WITH LONG SPANS
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE : MYSURU PALACE
SITE PLAN
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE : MYSURU PALACE
RELIGIOUSINFLUENCE
SOCIO – CULTURAL INFLUENCE • In that time Hinduism was the dominant the rituals was
• In earlier years the Dasara was celebrated in Vijayanagar followed of that
.That was adopted by the Mysuru Wodeyars in the Autumn • A Christian religion was introduced in 18 th cent
season the Dasara was celebrated in Mysuru palace with • This palace was built in British colonial period
processions of elephant howdah, durbar rituals takes place • In Indo sarsnic style by combining temple architecture,
know it is continued Indo Islamic , Rajputh and British colonial gothic style
ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS :
BALL KINGS
ROOM HALL
STAFF QUATERS
PAVILION
WHRESTLING
PRIVATE COURT YARD
ROOMS
PUBLIC COURT
RESIDENCIAL PALACE COURT
YARD DOLLS
PAVILION
KALYANA
MANTAPA
PRIVATE ROOMS ART
GALLERY
STABLES
KITCHENS &
GRAINARIES ENTRY HALL DURBAR HALLSOUTH ROOMS
N ENTRY
STAFF QUATERS
COURT YARD
RESIDENCIAL PALACE
PUBLIC COURT
KALYANA DOLLS
STABLES
MANTAPA PAVILION
DURBAR HALL
FORE GROUND
SOUTH
ROYAL TEMPLEENTRANCE
N GARDEN
OFFICES
• The domes are an element borrowed from the Islamic
architecture. There are many deep pink marble domes projecting
at the corners of the palace structure.
• However on top of it is a large dome, a very typical feature of
Islamic style of structures. However it is metal gilded. Further on
top of this dome is a domed Chhatri. That is, a smaller dome
• Above the central arch is the statue of supported by slender pillars projecting up from the large dome.
• Domed Chhatri is a typical Rajput architectural feature.
goddess Gajalakshmi – Hindu influence
• ‘Jharokha’ (protruding balconies) – Rajputh • The tallest tower of the palace is a five storied tower, measuring
Architecture about 145 feet (45 meters) at the centre of the palace. This projects
• up from the rest of the roof-line of the palace like a tower of a
Pointed Arches – Mughal
Gothic cathedral.
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE : MYSURU PALACE
• There is also a large open space in front with an open • The new palace covers a vast area; the south- side entrance is
courtyard in the center, which is covered by a gold seen here, with the main part of the palace rising in the
plated dome about 145 feet off the ground. background.
Elephant gate faces towards east which known as Ane Bagilu. All
ceremonial processions began outside this Elephant gate.
GANESHA SHRINE
• This shrine dedicated to Ganesha is attached to the
Mysore Palace building and serves as a private
shrine to the Wodeyar family.
• This shrine was saved when the whole of the palace
was destroyed in a fire in 1897. Later when the palace
was rebuilt in the present form, the Ganesha shrine
got integrated to the palace structure.
• The shrine is accessed through the
• passage near the Durbar Hall.
However, the erstwhile Royal family continues to live in and a stained glass ceiling with a prominent peacock motif :
a portion of the Palace. It’s a rainbow of stained glass Mughal influence
and mirrors. The lavishly decorated rooms are hidden
• Entrance of Amba Vilas (Diwan-e-Khas) is a rosewood
behind elegantly decorated and intricately carved
doors. doorway inlaid with ivory that opens into a shrine to Ganesh :
Hindu Influence
GOMBE THOTTI • Entry to palace is through doll’s pavilion, a
gallery of traditional dolls from the 19th
and early 20th centuries.
• The pavilion also houses a fine collection of
Indian and European marble sculpture and
ceremonial objects like a wooden elephant
howdah decorated with 84 kgs of gold.
• Another fascinating exhibit, Antoinette's,
mechanical elements, & a procession of
dolls and the seven canons etc.
• The central silver door depicts Vishnu’s 10 incarnations and the eight
dikpalas (directional guardians), with Krishna figures on the reverse,
all done in repoussé on teak and rosewood.
Cast Iron painted columns
• Golden Howdah or Chinnada Ambari is a
magnificent and majestic throne mounted on a
platform with steps leading up to the main seat
where a beautiful golden umbrella hangs over
The Portrait Gallery and the Period
Furniture Room lead off this pavilion.
it.
• It is a wooden structure with base carved out of
fig wood, in the form of a mantapa which is
covered with eighty kilograms of gold sheets and
The room sports an art nouveau style, encrusted with precious stones, silver and
while the central nave of the hall has jewelry.
ornately gilded columns, stained glass
ceilings, decorative steel grills, and
Golden Howdah has an intricate designs
chandeliers with fine floral motifs,
consisting of scrolls, foliage & flowers. It
mirrored in the pietra dura mosaic
is embellished with Holy Trinity, female
floor embellished with semi- precious
figures, soldiers, elephants, horses,
stones.
creepers & other patterns.
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE : MYSURU PALACE
TEMPLES
• The Mysore palace complex has a
• selection of 12 Hindu temples. They
have been built over a vast expanse of
time with the oldest being built in the
14th century.
Gayatri Temple
With the chola style
gateway Tower, it is
located on the
northern side of the
Palace complex with
identical looking
tower, providing a
Shwetha Varahaswami Temple
architectural
This 18th century temple is one of 12 that lie symmetry to the
within the palace grounds. It is dedicated to the campus layout
Varaha incarnation of Vishnu. The Bhuvaneshwari Temple
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE : MYSURU PALACE
WRESTLING COURTYARD THE FORT
• Wrestling Courtyard in Mysore Palace is the eye witness of several Faced with the grandeur of Amba Vilas Palace, it is easy
games like wrestling competition, which is one of the most famous to miss the historic fort that surrounds it and is amongst
games in India. Among the other European and Indigenous sports Mysore’s unique experiences.
held, include Horse races, Foot Ball, Polo tournament, the chase,
etc. The original walls were built under the Wadiyars in
1524 but gradually the defensive glacis was flattened
and defensive ditch was filled, but the stone wall is still
intact. Over time, the wall was rebuilt and extended
several times, the mud walls replaced eventually with
stone.
Later, Tipu had them pulled down with plans to rebuild
but died before the plans came to fruition. Subsequently,
they were reconstructed by the British in 1799.
Originally, the fort area was a bustling centre of life,
packed with houses, but these were moved out in 1910.
GARDENS IN MYSORE PALACE
• Ivory, gold, silver
• Brass, brick
• Stucco work
• Pillars in Diwan-e-Khas are made of hollow cast
iron
Ceiling
Fan
• The palace has electricity supply, since the completion of it’s construction.
•
Ceiling fans were also installed in the Kalyana Mantapa.
Bronze tiger
INDO-SARCENIC ARCHITECTURE : MYSURU PALACE
PALACE ILLUMINATION
The palace is illuminated with ninety seven
thousand bulbs at night on Sundays and
during the holiday season of Dussehra.
The main frontage of palace has 9 arches, supported by ornamental pillars
carrying a beautiful balcony without intermediate pillars.
THANK YOU
SHASHIDHAR C HATTI
VISHAL U SHETTAR
IV SEM B ARCH
KLE TECH , HUBBALLI