Rizals First Trip Abroad

THE TRIP TO EUROPE
The Secret Mission

The Secret Mission…
• The hostility of the Dominican friars, the disgusting method of teaching, and the
racial prejudice of Dominican professors against Filipino students pushed Jose
Rizal to continue his studies abroad particularly in Europe…
• Aside from studying, he was on a secret mission:
… to observe keenly the life and culture, languages and customs, industries and
commerce, and government and laws of the European nations in order to
prepare himself in the great task of liberating his oppressed people from the
Spanish tyranny…
Departure for Spain
• Rizal predicted that his decision of studying abroad would not be favored by his parents,
hence he did not asked for their blessing. His mother would not allow him to do so.
• His departure was kept secret to avoid detection by the Spanish authorities and friars.
• Only his older brother Paciano, his uncle, his sisters Neneng and Lucia, the Valenzuela
family, Pedro Paterno, Mateo Evangelista, the Ateneo Jesuit fathers, and some intimate
friends knew about his trip.
• The Jesuit priests gave him letters of recommendation to the members of their Society in
Barcelona.
• He used the name Jose Mercado. Before his departure he wrote a farewell letters for his
beloved parents and another for his sweetheart Leonor Rivera.
May 3, 1882
• Rizal departed on board the Spanish steamer Salvadora bound for Singapore.
• With tears in his eyes and gloom in his heard, he gazed the receding skyline of
Manila. He then took his pencil and paper and sketched it as it vanished in view.
• During the voyage he carefully observed the people and things on board the
steamer. There were sixteen passengers. He was the only Filipino and the rest
were Spaniards, British, and Indian Negroes. The captain of the ship, Donato
Lecha befriended Rizal.
• To kill boredom of the voyage, Rizal played chess with his fellow passengers. He
then defeated them many times, for he was a good chess player.
May 9, 1882 - Singapore
• the Salvadora docked at Singapore.
He then stayed at Hotel de la Paz
and spent two days on a sightseeing
event of the city. He saw the famous
Botanical Garden, the beautiful
Buddhist templates, the busy
shopping district, and the statue of
Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles,
who was the founder of Singapore.
“…I boarded the ship Djemnah…”
May 11, 1882 – To Colombo
• After days of staying in Singapore, Rizal boarded the ship Djemnah, which was a
French steamer and left Singapore for Europe.
• Djemnah was a larger and cleaner vessel which carried more passengers. French
was spoken on board and Rizal attempted to converse with his fellow passengers
in French, but he found out that his book French could not be understood, so he
spoke a mixed Spanish-Latin and with the help sketching on paper.
• By conversing daily with the French passengers, he then was able to improve his
knowledge of the French language
May 17, 1882
• the Djemnah reached
Point Galle, a seacoast
town in southern
Ceylon. Rizal was
unimpressed by this
town.
May 18, 1882
• The voyage resumed towards
Colombo, the capital of
Ceylon. After a few hours of
sailing, Rizal reached the city.
• Rizal was amazed by
Colombo because of the
scenic beauty and elegant
buildings.
Through SUEZ Canal
• From Colombo, the Djemnah continued the voyage crossing the Indian Ocean to the Cape coast of
Africa. Rizal sighted the barren coast of Africa, for the first time, which he called an ‘inhospitable
land but famous’.
• Aden, a stop over. He found this city hotter than Manila but was amused to see the camels for it was
also his first time seeing them.
• From Aden, the ship proceeded to the city of Suez, the Red Sea terminal of Suez Canal. Upon arrival,
Rizal disembarked and went sightseeing. What impressed him most was the beautiful moonlight which
reminded him of Calamba and his family.
• The Djemnah took five days to traverse the Suez Canal. Rizal was thrilled because it was his first trip
through this canal which was build by Ferdinand de Lesseps.
• At Port Said, Rizal landed in order to see the interesting sights. He was fascinated to hear multi-racial
inhabitants speaking a wide variety of language. From Port Said, the ship proceeded to Europe.
• Rizal Travel_Map_of_the_world_.jpg
• Rizal Travel_Suez canal map.gif
Naples and Marsellies
• JUNE 11, 1882

Rizal reached Naples. This city pleased Rizal because of its business activity, its
lively people and its scenic beauty. He was fascinated by the Mount Vesuvius, the
Castle of St. Telmo and other historic sights of the city.
• June 12, 1882 (night)

 the steamer docked at the French harbor of Marseilles. Rizal bid farewell to his
fellow passengers. He visited the famous Chateau d’lf where Dantes, was
imprisoned. He stayed two and a half days in Marseilles.
BARCELONA
• June 15, 1882
On the afternoon of June 15, Rizal left Marseilles to proceed to Spain via train.
He crossed the Pyrenees and stopped for a day at the frontier town of Port Bou.
After the passport inspection at Port Bou, Rizal continued his trip by rail.
• June 16, 1882
 he finally reached Barcelona. His first impression of Barcelona was unfavorable.
He thought of it as an ugly, dirty and its residents are inhospitable. Later, he
changed his impression and liked the city. He found it as a great city, with an
atmosphere of freedom and liberalism. He also found its people were open-
hearted, hospitable, and courageous.
• Filipinos in Barcelona were some of his classmates in Ateneo, welcomed him. They
gave him a party at café Plaza de Cataluña. After toasts, Rizal in turn gave them the
latest news and gossips in the Philippines.
• In Barcelona, Rizal wrote a nationalistic essay entitled “Amor Patrio” which was his
first written article on Spain’s soil. He then sent his article to Basilio Teodoro Moran,
publisher of Diariong Tagalog. Basilio was deeply impressed by the article
congratulated Rizal and asked Rizal to publish more articles.
• While living in Barcelona, Rizal received bad news about the cholera outbreak
ravaging Manila and the provinces. Many people died and more were dying daily. Sad
news was that his beloved Leonor Rivera was getting thinner because of the absence of
her loved one. Also, Paciano advised Rizal to continue his medical course in Madrid.
• Fall of 1882
Rizal heeded the advise of his brother, He left Barcelona and proceeded to Madrid.
MADRID
• NOVEMBER 3, 1882
Rizal enrolled in the Universidad Central de Madrid. He took up took courses
—Medicine and Philosophy and Letters.
Aside from the two major courses, he also studied painting and sculpture in the
Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando; he took lessons in French, German,
and English under private instructors; and assiduously practiced fencing and
shooting in the Hall of Arms of Sanz y Carbonell.
Assignment:
• What is the Principle of Assimilation?
• What is the Purpose of this Principle?
• Who are the members of the Propaganda Movement?
• Who are the friends of the Propaganda Movement?

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THE TRIP TO EUROPE

The Secret Mission

• JUNE 11, 1882

• June 12, 1882 (night)

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