The Nature of Mathematics

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The Nature of

Mathematics
Beauty of Mathematics
 Mathematics is the science of patterns, and the
nature exploits just about every pattern that there
is.
 Providing tools that let scientists calculate what
nature is doing,
 And providing new questions for the
mathematicians to sort out to their own
satisfaction.
 Patterns is a discernible regularity in the world or
in a manmade design.
Beauty of Mathematics
 Human are still learning to recognize new kinds of
pattern - within the last thirty years has humanity
become explicitly aware of the two types of
pattern: fractals and chaos.
Beauty of Mathematics
 Fractals - in mathematics, a geometric shape that
is complex and detailed in structure at any level of
magnification.
ex. Snowflake
 Chaos - theory describing the complex and
unpredictable motion or dynamics of systems that
are sensitive to their initial conditions.
ex. Electric circuit, electrical brain activity
Mathematics in nature
 Human mind and culture have developed a
formal system of thought for recognizing,
classifying, and exploiting patterns now known
as Mathematics.
 Using mathematics in organising and
systematizing ideas about patterns, we’ve
discovered a great secret: “nature's patterns are
not just there to be admired, they are vital clues
to the rules that govern natural processes”
Mathematics in nature
 Four hundred years ago, the German astronomer
Johannes Kepler wrote a small book, The Six-
Cornered Snowflake.
 ‘snowflakes must be made by packing tiny
identical units together’ (long before the theory that
matter is made up of atoms)
 Kepler performed no experiments; His main
evidence was the six-fold symmetry of snowflakes,
which is a natural consequence of regular packing.
The Snowflake
Tiger’s stripe
The honeycomb
 Why do the cells of a honeycomb have a
hexagonal form?
 The shape turns out to be economical: much
honey is enclosed by minimum beeswax.
The Weather
The Fibonacci Sequence
 A sequence of numbers in which each member is
the sum of the two preceding numbers. For
example
0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21 and so forth.
The Fibonacci Sequence
 the fibonacci sequence was invented by Leonardo
Fibonacci
 The Golden Ratio
 The golden ratio is ϕ(phi) = 1.61803…..
 Taking the ratio of two successive numbers in the
sequence will approach the golden ratio as you
move deeper into the sequence
0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55…..

5/3= 1.67 8/5=1.6 13/8=1.625 34/21=


1.619
Fibonacci spiral
Fibonacci sequence in nature
 The Sunflower
 shell
 Flower petals
 Ocean wave
 Galaxy
Fibonacci in petals
FLOWERS NUMBER OF
PETALS
Lilies 3
Buttercups 5
Delphiniums 8
Marigolds 13
Asters 21
Daisies 34, 55, 89
Fibonacci sequence in nature
Fibonacci in art
 Leonardo da Vinci
Painted “Mona Lisa”
During renaissance
With divine proportion
Mathematics in universe
Constellation
Mathematics in universe
 Example of Constellation
Thank you !

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