Asian Regionalism: Presented By: Group 4

ASIAN REGIONALISM
PRESENTED BY: GROUP 4

How does Regionalization differ from
Regionalism?
Regionalization definition: Regionalism definition:
• It is an increase on the economic • It is the political will to create a

growth of countries within a formal arrangement among
region that develops through countries in a region.
societally driven processes such
as markets, trade, and
investments.
How does Regionalization differ from
Regionalism?
Regionalization Regionalism
Spontaneous Artificial
Bottom-Up process Top-Down process
REGIONALIZATION IN ASIA
Regionalization helped build bridges among
Asian countries.
• Trade, financial transactions, investments, technologies, labor and
tourist flows, and other economic activities helped strengthen the
relationship among Asian countries.
• Asian Regionalization is a result of economic forces that connect the
Asian countries together.
Asian regionalization complemented
Globalization.
• Asian Regionalization complemented global relationships rather than
replace them.
• As a consequence, it was not only beneficial to Asia, but also to the
world. It helped sustain the region’s growth and contributed to
Globalization.
ASEAN as a Model of Regionalism
• The Association of Southeast Asian Nations was established on August
8, 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand through the signing of the ASEAN
declaration.
• The founding countries of ASEAN are Indonesia, Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia.
• Brunei Darussalam, Vietnam, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Cambodia
joined the association later.
The aims and purposes of ASEAN are:
• To accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural
development in the region through joint endeavors in the spirit of
equality and partnership in order to strengthen the foundation for a
prosperous and peaceful community of Southeast Asian Nations.
• To promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for
justice and the rule of law in the relationship among countries of the
region and adherence to the principles of the United Nations Charter.
• To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on matters of
common interest in the economic, social, cultural, technical, scientific
and administrative fields.
• To provide assistance to each other in the form of training and research
facilities in the educational, professional, technical and administrative
spheres.
• To collaborate more effectively for the greater utilization of agriculture
and industries, the expansion of trade, including the study of the
problems of international commodity trade, the improvement of
transportation and communications facilities and the raising of the
living standards of the people.
• To promote Southeast Asian studies; and
• To maintain close and beneficial cooperation with existing
international and regional organizations with similar aims and
purposes, and explore all venues for even closer cooperaton among
member nations.
WHAT ARE ITS CHALLENGES?
Both Regionalization’s and Regionalism’s main goal is to develop
the nations economy. But in the process, the nations face some
challenges such as:
• Threatened strategic partnership with countries from other regions.

• Exclusion of other countries that do not belong in the region.
• Compromised financial stability of some nations i.e. deepening credit
crisis, weak currency, etc.
• Climate change might rapidly affect the region over time.
Environmental damages may result to radical changes in economic
policies.
• Threats to health and security of a country might make the flow of
people and goods more expensive and difficult.
HOW CAN REGIONALISM HELP
ASIA GROW AS A REGION?
According to the Asian Development Bank (2008) Asia may
be able to address the challenges of Regionalism by:
• Linking the competitive strengths of its diverse economies to boost

productivity and to sustain the region’s growth.
• Connecting the region’s capital markets to enhance financial stability,
reduce the cost of capital, and improving opportunities for sharing
risks.
• Cooperating in setting exchange rate and macroeconomic policies in
order to minimize the effects of global and regional shocks and to
facilitate the resolution of global imbalances.
• Pooling the region’s foreign exchange reserves to make more
resources available for investment and development.
• Creating regional mechanism to manage cross-boarder health, safety,
and environmental issues better.
• Exercising leadership in global decision making to sustain the open
global trade and financial systems that have supported a half century
of unapparelled economic development; and
• Building connected infrastructure and collaborate on inclusive
development to reduce inequalities within and across economies and
thus strengthen support for pro-growth policies.
WHAT FACTORS MAY HINDER THE INTEGRATION OF THE ASIAN REGION?
• Absence of non-political platform to maintain peace and stability
among countries.
• Lack of intra-regional trade or liberalization of trade in the region.
• Insufficient support to promote economic growth, social progress and
cultural development in the region.
• Lack of communication and cooperation in Asian countries through
media.
EXAMPLES ON HOW PHILIPPINES EXPERIENCE REGIONALIZATION AND
REGIONALISM
Case Study: With Japan
• Japan, recognized as one of the large economic powers in the world,
receives pressure to take a bigger role in regionalization and
globalization.
• Thus they redefined their foreign policy objectives and made sure that
day are more responsive to the needs of other countries and have
policies that are attuned with the different countries in the region.
• Today Japan considers how regional communities such as APEC and
ASEAN could serve as a vehicle for their multilateral diplomacy in the
region.
• Japan cooperates and helps other countries to develop economically,
socially, and culturally alongside with them.
• Their actions are in line with the principles of World Trade
Organizations and other regional communities as well.
• As an example, in 2019, the Japanese government through its aid arm,
the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), committed to
support various rail infrastructure project of the Philippines through
Official Development Assistance (ODA) loans, which carry low
interest rates. This will help ease up the serious traffic problems in
highly congested areas such as Metro Manila.
Case Study: With Indonesia
• Through ASEAN, the relationship between the two countries grew
stronger over the years.
• They have supported each on foreign policies concerning the region
such as on issue related to democracy and maritime law.
• Both countries established an embassy in the other country’s capital in
1949.
• Through the help of ASEAN, the Philippines and Indonesia have been
trading goods.
• For example, the Philippines coal export to Indonesia was worth $1.2
billion in 2003, which increased to $2.9 billion in 2009, then to $3.89
billion in 2010, making the Philippines the biggest supplier of coal in
Indonesia.
WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?
Definition of Globalization
(SAGE Handbook of Globalization, 2014)
• “It is the worldwide integration along economic,
political, social, and cultural lines.”
How does Regionalization differ to
Globalization?
Countries Countries
across the from specific
world help region help
each other for each other for
their own their
development development
GLOBALIZATIO REGIONALIZATION
WHEN DID GLOBALIZATION
START IN ASIA?
Some of the early manifestations of
Globalization in Asia include:
• The Portuguese invasion in Malaka in 1511.
• The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in the Philippines in 1521.
• The consolidation of power by the British in South Asia, Burma, and
the Malay peninsula; and
• The French taking control over Indo-China in the late 19th century.
In general, Globalization in Asia:
• Is an external push by Western Regions such as the United States and

Europe.
• Will inevitably create economic, political, societal, and cultural
transformation in the Asian region.
CHALLENGES OF
GLOBALIZATION
Below are the major challenges that policy actors may face
during the process of Globalization: (Toward a Social
Foreign Policy with Asia, 1998)
• It will require a lot of time for all countries to receive the benefits of
Globalization.
• Globalization leads to instability.
• There will be increased competition on e economic market which will
affect wages, labor rights, employment practices, and the environment.
• Other complicated problems might be used as an excuse to avoid
searching for alternatives to cooperate in the overall interest of the
countries and its people.
• High-level decision-making and political discussions are needed
fr4om the country leaders as issues on old industries, emerging
economy, and marginalization may rise.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!

Asian Regionalism: Presented By: Group 4

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Asian Regionalism: Presented By: Group 4

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Asian Regionalism: Presented By: Group 4

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ASIAN REGIONALISM

PRESENTED BY: GROUP 4

• It is an increase on the economic • It is the political will to create a

• Threatened strategic partnership with countries from other regions.

• Linking the competitive strengths of its diverse economies to boost

• Is an external push by Western Regions such as the United States and

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.