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5 Population

The document discusses population trends globally and in India. It notes that as of 2000, the world population was 7 billion and India's population was 1 billion, and that India is expected to surpass China's population by 2035. India's population growth rate is currently 1.94% annually. The most populous states in India are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, and Tamil Nadu. Population growth puts pressure on resources and can lead to various environmental and social impacts.

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Kumar Saurabh
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46 views

5 Population

The document discusses population trends globally and in India. It notes that as of 2000, the world population was 7 billion and India's population was 1 billion, and that India is expected to surpass China's population by 2035. India's population growth rate is currently 1.94% annually. The most populous states in India are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, and Tamil Nadu. Population growth puts pressure on resources and can lead to various environmental and social impacts.

Uploaded by

Kumar Saurabh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Population

POPULATION
STATUS
 
·       World Population
[2000 A.D] ; 7 Billion
{700 Crore}
·       India’s
Population[2000
A.D] ; 1 Billion {100
Crore}
·       India’s
Population[2004]        
; 102.8 Crore
•      India’s Population is expected to exceed
China’s population in 2035.

•      Expected Population in 2035   ; 146


Crores

•    Current Annual Growth Rate   ; 1.94


Most populous States in India

•      U.P                         166  million


•      Maharashtra             97  million
•      Bihar                        83  million
•      West Bengal            80  million
•      Tamil Nadu             63  million  
• Lakshadweep has the lowest population of
61000
• Our world population is rapidly growing.
– Today: Over 6 billion people and on the rise
• Increased immigration / lack of migration (urbanization)
• Lack of education and contraceptive use
• Medical advancements
– Leads to environmental and social impacts.
• Deforestation
• Global Warming – Natural disasters, sea level rising
• Lack of natural resources
• Lack of freshwater
• Pollution
• Diseases
• Since the early 1800s,
the human population
on Earth has been
growing exponentially.
• Current world
population estimate is:
6,404,307,344 people as
of December 4, 2004
Human Population History
• In 1850, the human population reached its first billion.
• By 1930, it was 2 billion.
• By 1960, the human population reached 3 billion.
• Then in 1975, 4 billion, and so on…
• The human population is
now growing at a rate of
about 3 people/second or
• 260 thousand/day or
• 1.8 million per week or
• 93 million/year
• Each dot represents
1 million people

 
•The overall rate of population increase depends on the number of
births and deaths, but also on the length of generations -- the age at
which women have their first baby.
• Birth/Death Rates
– When a substantial proportion of a country's population is young,
high population growth rates in a country are to be expected,
even if the average total fertility rate is modest. The reason is that
so many females are of childbearing age, that even a modest
average total fertility rate results in a large number of births.
• Total fertility rate (TFR) - estimate of the average number
of children a woman will have during childbearing years
• In 1995, the TFR was 3.1 children per woman.

•This map shows the average


number of children born to a
woman during her lifetime.
•The darker the color, the
greater the number of children.
•Childbearing years are usually
considered to be the ages of
15-49.
• At or below replacement level (2.1) since about
1972 because:
– widespread use of birth control Fertility Rates in the US peaked in
– availability of legal abortion 1957 at 3.7 children/woman
– social attitudes favoring small families
– increasing cost of raising a child to age 18
($177,000 for low-income family, $231,000 for
middle-income & $335,000 for upper-income)
– increase in average age of marriage between 1958
& 1992 (from 20 to 24.4 for women, and from 23 to
26.5 for men)
– More women working outside home (child-bearing
rate of "working" women 1/3 that of women not in
paid labor force)
– delayed reproduction
• Personal hygiene
and improved
methods of
sanitation have
played a major role
and preceded the
impact of modern
medicine and, in
particular, the
development of
antibiotics capable
of reducing death Figure 5: Death Rates per 1000 over Time
The combination of decreasing death rate due to the march of progress
due to infection. in sanitation and medicine, coupled with the decrease in birth rate due
to changes in the economies, has led to a profound change in the
population growth curve in the developed world. This change is called
the Demographic Transition.
• Carrying capacity- the maximum population that
can be supported by the available resources.
• Biological Carrying Capacity about 50 Billion
• We strive for a modified population at which a
maximum population can be maintained at an
acceptable standard of living- Cultural Carrying
Capacity.
• According to the latest United Nations
projections, the most likely scenario for
population in 2050 will be around 8.9 billion, and
will peak out slightly above 10 billion after 2200.
• As population grows, consumption of valuable
resources and pollution increases, which threatens
to overwhelm the Earth’s ability to provide for the
human race and other life forms.
• Overpopulation creates low living standards, 
outbreaks of civil wars, not enough jobs, poor
food supplies, and reduced education standards. 
 Food

 Overcrowding

 Poverty

 Global warming and green house effects


 Deforestation

 Biodiversity destruction

 Water scarcity

 Land loss

 Stress on natural resources


1) Train and educate the people of developing countries so that they can pursue
industrialization.  As they progress, they will be less dependent on other countries for
assistance.
2) Educate the people in how to manage their existing natural resources sustainable.
3) Demonstrate to the people how their natural resources can be used to generate income
(example:  ecotourism and its associated benefits).
4) Consider means of financing industrialization efforts.  This an be in the shape of loans, 
outright gifts,  etc.  from countries which are already developed.
5) Educate the developing countries about agriculture.  Help them discover which crops can
be successfully grown in their climates and teach them how to grow these crops so that
they will be less dependent on outside aid for food.
6) Educate the people about the effects of overpopulation on their own nation.
7) Provide information on birth control methods and finance projects to provide this
technology to the people.
8) Assist the countries in offering their own incentives to their citizens to reduce the birth
rate (example:  tax cuts for families which voluntarily have less children).

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