Fdocuments - in Centrifugal Slurry Pumps

We move solids with centrifugal
slurry pumps
1 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Dale Carter
• British Coal
- 1970 to 1988
- Mechanical apprentice
- Engineer
- Workshop Engineering Supervisor
• Joy Process Equipment

- Denver / Denver Sala
- Svedala
- Metso UK
- 1988 to date
- Service engineer
- Commissioning Engineer
- Product Support Engineer
- UK Pump Sales Manager
- Global Service Manager
- Hobbies include Golf and Flying

Service Supply And Support Training
Options
Metso Slurry Pumps Service Supply And Support Options For
Vedanta
November 2006
Dale Carter
Metso
Maintaining
Equipment
Through
Service
Options
We move solids
– with centrifugal slurry pumps

Presentation Overview
 Pump Components and Basic Designs

 Costs of Slurry Pumps
 Impeller Types and Variations
 Performance Curves & Best Efficiency
 Total Dynamic Head Calculations
 Material Selection

Basic Definitions
Slurry ~ mixture of water and
solids (and possibly air)
Slurry Pump ~ a robust centrifugal pump,

handling tough abrasive duties

Slurry Pumps
Distribution vs. Cost
• Slurry pumps represent only 5% of all centrifugal pumps

installed in industry
• Slurry pumps represent 80% of the operating cost of all

centrifugal pumps!

Slurry Pumps
Operation Cost
Seal
SealWater Electrical
WaterMaintenance
Maintenance ElectricalEnergy
Energy
Wear
WearParts
Parts
Goal = Total Lowest Cost

Slurry Pump
Basic Components
1. Impeller
2. Casing
3. Sealing arrangement
4. Bearing assembly
5. Drive

Horizontal Basic Design
1. Impeller
2. Casing
3. Seal arrangement
4. Bearing assembly
5. Drive

Shaft Seals
Soft Packing Seal

(soft packed gland)
Mechanical Seal
(spring loaded flat faces) Dynamic Seal
(Expeller)

Vertical Sump Basic Design
1. Impeller
2. Casing
3. Seal arrangement
4. Bearing assembly
5. Drive

Vertical Tank Basic Design
1. Impeller
2. Casing
3. Seal arrangement
4. Bearing assembly
5. Drive

Slurry Pump Impeller
Impeller transfer kinetic energy to

slurry mass and accelerates it.

Slurry Pump Casing
Casing creates a desirable flow pattern.

Converts kinetic energy into pressure energy.

Semi-Open Impeller
 Less prone to clogging

than closed impeller
 Slightly lower efficiency
than closed impellers

Closed Impeller
 More efficient than open

impellers
 More prone to clogging
 Clogging is more critical
with smaller impellers

Closed Impeller
~ High Efficiency, Low Wear

Induced Flow Impeller
 Prevents clogging of
fibrous, stringy or
sticky particles
 Gentle solids handling
 Lower efficiency than
closed or semi-open
impeller

Number of Vanes
More vanes gives higher efficiency

…but the maximum number of vanes in practice is five.

Impeller Width
The larger the impeller WIDTH,

the greater the FLOW produced at a given speed

Impeller Diameter
The larger the impeller DIAMETER,

the greater the HEAD produced at a given speed

Pressure and Head

Head
Flow

Aim ~ Operate Near B.E.P.

Radial Forces and B.E.P.

Total Dynamic Head (TDH)
TDH = H2 - H1
+ friction losses

Friction Head Calculation
Need to consider the following:
Straight Pipes Fittings

• Diameter • Elbows
• Length • Long / Short Bends
• Material (roughness) • Valves
• Flow Rate • Tees

The System Curve

Impeller Wear Rate
Wear rate  Speed Ratio2.5
i.e. Half the speed = 5.7 times longer life !
Conclusion:
Reduce head by selecting a larger pipe diameter.
This will increase wear life and also save on
electrical requirements.

Slurry Effects on Friction Head
Head Loss
Velocity Flow
Head Correction for slurry must be made

before plotting on performance curve

Slurry Correction Factors
• The correction for head and efficiency for slurries is

quite involved.
• Based on Particle size distribution,

Particle specific gravity and % solids
• Today, calculated with computer software

Critical Flow Velocity
• The solids in a slurry must be kept in suspension to avoid settling in the pipe
• If the flow velocity is sufficiently high, turbulence will keep solids in suspension
• Particle size ~ critical velocity increases

• Specific gravity ~ critical velocity increases

What happens when the
Total Dynamic Head (TDH)
is OVER ESTIMATED?

Multiple Pump Installations

Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
NPSH = ATM Pressure + Static Head

- System Losses - Vapor Pressure

Cavitation
• If NPSHA (Available) < NPSHR (Required)
• Pressure in pump inlet drops to liquid vapour pressure.
• Vapour bubbles form and travel to areas

of higher pressure (eye of the impeller)
• These bubbles or “cavities” violently collapse

Wear Parts ~ Rubber vs. Metal
Rubber-lined Wet End Metal Wet End

Wear Part Material Selection

Vertical Tank Pump
• Tank, Pump and

Motor in one unit
• “Self- Priming”
• Seal-less design
= Easy maintenance

Thank you for attending!
Slurry Pumps Division

Fdocuments - in Centrifugal Slurry Pumps

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fdocuments - in Centrifugal Slurry Pumps

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fdocuments - in Centrifugal Slurry Pumps

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

We move solids with centrifugal

1 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

• Joy Process Equipment

- Hobbies include Golf and Flying

2 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

5 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

 Pump Components and Basic Designs

6 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Slurry Pump ~ a robust centrifugal pump,

7 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

• Slurry pumps represent only 5% of all centrifugal pumps

• Slurry pumps represent 80% of the operating cost of all

8 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Goal = Total Lowest Cost

9 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

10 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

11 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Soft Packing Seal

12 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

13 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

14 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Impeller transfer kinetic energy to

15 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Casing creates a desirable flow pattern.

16 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

 Less prone to clogging

17 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

 More efficient than open

18 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

19 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

20 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

More vanes gives higher efficiency

22 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

The larger the impeller WIDTH,

23 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

The larger the impeller DIAMETER,

24 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

25 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

27 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

28 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

29 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

30 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Straight Pipes Fittings

31 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

33 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Wear rate  Speed Ratio2.5

i.e. Half the speed = 5.7 times longer life !

35 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

Head Correction for slurry must be made

36 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

• The correction for head and efficiency for slurries is

• Based on Particle size distribution,

• Today, calculated with computer software

37 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

• Particle size ~ critical velocity increases

41 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

42 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

44 © Metso Minerals, Inc. 2003

NPSH = ATM Pressure + Static Head