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The Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle

The vapor-compression refrigeration cycle has four main components: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve. In an ideal cycle, refrigerant enters the compressor as a saturated vapor and exits as a saturated liquid after being condensed. It then expands through the expansion valve and absorbs heat in the evaporator, exiting as a saturated vapor and repeating the cycle. The cycle consists of four processes: isentropic compression, constant pressure heat rejection in the condenser, throttling in the expansion valve, and constant pressure heat addition in the evaporator.

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553 views

The Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle

The vapor-compression refrigeration cycle has four main components: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve. In an ideal cycle, refrigerant enters the compressor as a saturated vapor and exits as a saturated liquid after being condensed. It then expands through the expansion valve and absorbs heat in the evaporator, exiting as a saturated vapor and repeating the cycle. The cycle consists of four processes: isentropic compression, constant pressure heat rejection in the condenser, throttling in the expansion valve, and constant pressure heat addition in the evaporator.

Uploaded by

Kunal Ahiwale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle

The vapor-compression refrigeration cycle has four


components: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and
expansion (or throttle) valve. In an ideal vapor-
compression refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant enters the
compressor as a saturated vapor and is cooled to the
saturated liquid state in the condenser. It is then throttled
to the evaporator pressure and vaporizes as it absorbs heat
from the refrigerated space.
The ideal vapor-compression cycle consists of four
processes.
Ideal Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle
Process Description
1-2 Isentropic compression
2-3 Constant pressure heat rejection in the
condenser
3-4 Throttling in an expansion valve
4-1 Constant pressure heat addition in the
evaporator
The P-h diagram to illustrate the refrigeration cycle.
In compressor (during process 1-2 : Isentropic compression)
◦ Inlet is low pressure; low temperature, saturated vapor

◦ Outlet is high pressure; high temperature


saturated/superheated vapor.
In condenser (during process 2-3 : Isobaric heat rejection) ,
◦ Inlet is high pressure; high temperature,

Saturated/superheated vapor
◦ Oulet is high pressure; low temperature saturated liquid.

In expansion device (during process 3-4 : Isenthalpic expansion) ,


◦ Inlet is high pressure; low temperature, saturated liquid
◦ Outlet is low pressure; low temperature saturated liquid and
vapor mixture.
In evaporator (during process 4-1 : Isobaric & Isothermal heat
extraction)
◦ Inlet is low pressure; low temperature, saturated liquid and
vapor
◦ Outlet is low pressure; low temperature saturated vapor.
Methods of Vapour compression Refrigeration cycle:
1. Cycle with dry saturated vapour after compression.
2. Cycle with wet vapour after compression.
3. Cycle with superheated vapour before compression.
4. Cycle with superheated vapour after compression.
5. Cycle with under cooling or subcooling of refrigerant.
1. Cycle with dry saturated vapour after compression.

If output of compressor is dry saturated vapor,


4. Cycle with superheated vapour after compression.

If output of compressor is supeheated vapor,


2. Cycle with wet vapour after compression.
If output of compressor is wet vapor,
3. Cycle with superheated vapour before compression.
If input of compressr is superheated vapor,
3. Cycle with under cooling or subcooling of refrigerant.
If output of condenser is subcooled liquid ,
Factors affecting COP of VCR System
Effect of suction ( evaporation ) pressure :-
◦ Pressure decrease ↓
◦ Specific volume of vapor increase ↑
◦ Work required increase ↑
◦ Refrigerating effect decrease ↓
◦ Hence, COP decrease ↓
Effect of discharge ( condenser ) pressure :-
◦ Pressure increase ↑
◦ Work required increase ↑
◦ Refrigerating effect decrease ↓
◦ Hence, COP decrease ↓
Effect of evaporator & condenser temperature :-
◦ Evaporator temp. decreases ↓
◦ Cndenser temperature increases ↑
◦ Work required increase ↑↑
◦ Refrigerating effect decrease ↓↓
◦ Hence, COP decrease ↓
Effect of Superheated vapor after evaporation :-
◦ Specific volume of vapor increase ↑
◦ Refrigerating capacity decreases ↓
◦ Work required increase ↑
◦ Refrigerating effect decrease ↓
◦ Hence, COP decrease ↓
Effect of sub cooling :-
◦ Refrigerating effect
increase ↑
◦ Hence, COPincrease ↑
Multistage compression refrigeration systems
The Vapor-Absorption Refrigeration Cycle

The vapor-compression refrigeration cycle has four


components: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and
expansion (or throttle) valve. In an ideal vapor-
compression refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant enters the
compressor as a saturated vapor and is cooled to the
saturated liquid state in the condenser. It is then throttled
to the evaporator pressure and vaporizes as it absorbs heat
from the refrigerated space.

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