Welcome to our

final year project

presentation

5/9/21
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 JIMMA UNIVERSITY
JIMMA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
FACULITY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF WATER SUPPLY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING

LANGUTE CHEFE RURAL KEBELE WATER SUPPLY PROJECT DESIGN

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 OUTLINE
Introduction
 Background
 Objective of the project
 Population and demand projection
 Water source
 Pump design
 Collection chamber
 Water treatment
Service reservoir
Water distribution system
Environmental and social impact assessment
Conclusion
Recommendation

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  INTRODUCTION
Water is one of nature’s most important gifts to mankind.
Essential to life, a person’s survival depends on drinking water.
About 75% of earth is covered by water. But from this high
amount only 3% of it is available as fresh water.
Water supply services in Ethiopia are among the lowest
countries in Africa.
This project report significantly focuses on improving the water
supply of Langute Chefe rural kebele and the surrounding
Kebeles’.

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  BACKGROUND
Langute Chefe is found in SNNP, Kembata Tembaro Zone in
Kedida Gamela Woreda.
Topography of Langute Chefe Rural Kebele is characterized by
deep gorges, dissected plateaus landforms, volcanic ridges & plain
topography in lowlands.
The elevation of the source area is ranging from 1900m-2180m
above sea level.
The area is categorized in Sub Tropical agro-ecological zone.
Most of the communities in the rural kebeles are agriculturalists
and few are pity traders used to sale cash crops.

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 CONT…

Figure of project area

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Statement of problem
There is no adequate clean potable water near the vicinity of
the project area. The shortage of clean and adequate water has
exposed the communities for water borne disease and poor
sanitation.
There is shortage of water due to far water source and design
of water supply scheme.
For this case communities are faced with less consumption of
water and it make difficult for community to survive in improved
life.

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 CONT…
Objective
General Objective
To design water supply project to Langute chefe rural kebele.
Specific Objectives
To estimate the number of population.
To analyses the demand and supply of water.
To determine the capacity of collective chamber and reservoir.
To reduce water born caused diseases.

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CONT…
Scope of the study
The scope of this project is:

To estimate the number of population,to determine water demand and amount

of water consumed in kebele, in order to determine the quantity of water source

to meet the water requirement of the kebele until the end of design period.

To extend the existing water supply system into large and sufficient system to

satisfy the water requirement of the expected design period.

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 POPULATION AND DEMAND PROJECTION
 Design period
Design period is the number of years for which the design of water
works has been done.
Project areas are rural village and the design project can fulfill the
water demand requirement of population for 15 years.
After the design period has been fixed, the population of the rural
kebele in various periods has to be determined.
Factors affecting population growth;
Expansion of town.
Migration due to war accident.
Economic change, development of new industries.
Changes in educations like opening of higher education, politics,
recreations etc.
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 CONT…
The most common techniques in population forecasted are
Arithmetic increase method, Geometric increase method,
Incremental increase method and Method used by Ethiopian
Statistics Authority.
Geometric methods is suitable for Langute chefe Kebele because
population of this kebele is a fast growing.
The base population of the kebele is 12,580 at 2015.
The projected population for the demand is 27,038 for the design
period at the end of 2035.
The water demand of Langute chefe kebele includes domestic,
livestock's demand and due to loss.

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CONT…
There are three modes of services for domestic water consumers of
Langute chefe kebele.
 House connection (HC),
 Yard connection (YC) and
Public tap suppliers (PTS).
The quantity of water required for livestock is assumed to be 10% of
adjusted domestic demand up to end of design period.
Average Day Demand
The average day demand is taken to be the sum of domestic demands,
public demand, industrial and unaccounted for water.
Average day demand = Qadd+Qlivestock+Qloss
 Average day demand for 2035 year (497.16+47.92+119.79)m3/d
=664.87m3/d
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 CONT…
Maximum day demand
The maximum day demand is the highest demand of any one 24hour
period over any specific year.
QMax.dd = QAvdd *MDF
For year 2035, QMax.dd =664.87m3/d*1.25 = 831.09m3/d
The maximum day demand of the kebele at the end of design period
2035 is estimated to be 9.62l/s.
Peak hour demand
The peak hour demand is the highest demand of any one hour over
the maximum day.
QMax.phr =QMaxAvdd *PHF
For year 2035, QMax.phr =831.09m3/d*1.2 = 41.55m3/hr 13
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 SOURCE OF WATER
Choosing suitable water sources for development into a public
water supply largely depends on water demand.
Water Source Selection Criteria
• Location of the water sources
• Quantity of water
• Quality of water
• The cost of the water supply scheme.
The Langute chefe kebele water supply project is Ebala spring
water is selected.
The Ebala spring yield is 20l/s.
The maximum day demand of the kebele at the end of design
period 2035 is estimated to be 9.62l/s.
 So the existing source is sufficient to the kebele.
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  PUMP DESIGN
A pump is a mechanical device which converts the mechanical
energy supplied to hydraulic energy.
In water supply works pumps are required for the following
reasons:
To lift water from its sources to an elevated installation.
To lift water from a low water demand area to a high water
demand area.
To lift water to upper floors of multistory buildings.
To supply water under pressure directly to the consumers.

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 COLLECTION CHAMBER
The collection works mainly consists of pumping works which
are essential to convey water. The collection works are depends
on:
 topographical and hydrological features of the area.
The location.
The area to be served.
water will be retained in the chamber for 20 to30 minutes.
The detention time in the collection chamber directly affects the
size of the reservoir.
Capacity of the chamber = (9.62*30*60)/ (1000) = 17.32m3
Adopted capacity is 20 m3 collection chamber for 30 minute.
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 WATER TREATMENT
The primary goal of water treatment is to ensure that the water is
safe to drink and does not contain any disease-causing
microorganisms.
Generally spring water is safe to drink if the source is constructed
properly and there is no upstream or nearby pollution.
Safety chlorination is necessary to prevent the water from
contamination during its transportation from the source to the
beneficiaries.
Disinfection by chlorination is the application of chlorine , not only
accomplish disinfection, but also used for taste and odor control.

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  SERVICE RESERVOIR
Service reservoirs are used for storing the treated water and
distributing the treated water to the customers.
Functions of service reservoir are;
To balance/ Equalize the supply.
To give a suitable pressure for the distribution system and
reduces pressure fluctuations.
To meet peak demand.
To provide a reserve of water to meet fire and other emergency
demands.

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CONT…
The common accessories of reservoir
Inlet pipe: for entry of water.
Outlet pipe: for the exit of water.
over flow pipe: for the exit of water above full supply level.
Water Level Indicator: to know the level of water inside the
reservoir from outside.
Washout pipe: for removing water after cleaning the reservoir.
 Ventilation: for free circulation of air.

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CONT…
Determination of Storage Capacity
The determination of storage capacity is done by maximum
daily demand.
 Capacity of reservoir for these rural kebele is determined using
Analytical method.
 Circular reservoir is chosen for the design of Langute chefe
rural kebele water supply.
The selected water source to satisfy this demand is spring
water and a service reservoir is designed with the capacity of
200m3.

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 WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
is system of distributing water to consumers by gravity or pump
and dual system
Depending upon the topography of Langute chefe kebele,
combined ,gravity and pumping system is adopted.
Distribution System layout
Dead End or Tree system
Grid Iron system
Circular or Ring system
Radial system
The distribution system designed thoroughly to meet the peak
hour demand by Water GEMS.
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CONT…

Figure of distribution system

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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
Development of water resource is the one, which control the
development of the society.
Large scale water resource development would change in the
environmental situation around the project.
Such changes could have a result of positive or negative
impacts.
The positive impacts have to be enhanced whereas the
negative impacts should be avoided if possible.
Else minimized to the extent that they would not be significant
compared to the usefulness of the project.

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 CONCLUSION
• The economic design period of Langute chefe rural kebele is 15
years. The population is forecasted by Geometric methods at the
end of the period (2035) population number is 27,038. The water
demand analysis made to satisfy water demand for the
population to be served. The source Ebala spring which its yield
20l/s. Hence the source have sufficient capacity to meet the
future demand of the community in quantity, quality and location.
• Therefore 27,038 number of population wants 831.09 m3/d or
9.62l/s of water supply for 15 years. The treatment plant is not
mandatory to design because the source of water is Ground
water which is safe to drink and it can be treated I the reservoir
by chlorine. And the distribution system design by water GEMS.
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 RECOMMENDATION
To achieving more efficient provision of water supply in Langute
chefe rural kebele:
The available water should be equitably distributed to the community
to ensure fairness of access.
The adoption of appropriate demand-oriented water management
and planning strategies, water efficient technologies.

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  Reference
AShenafi, M. (n.d.). Assessment Of Urban Water Supply And
Consumption ,SNNP National Regional State,. Ethiopia.
Committee on Economic, S. a. (2002). The Right to water . Copenhagen.
Dr.P.N.MODI and Dr.S.M seth. (1998). Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics.
Kasrils, M. (2001). analysis Guideline of domestic water supply.
WHO/UNICEF. (2002). Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment .
New York.

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…Massive
Thank for your
attention…
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