Modem and Modem’s characteristics

Aydan Gozalova & Leman Javadova

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 02 03
What’s history of
Types of modems
modem? modems
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

04 05 06
Difference
Modems’ Modems between
functions usage router and
modem
What is A modem?
Modem is short for "Modulator-Demodulator." It is a 
hardware component that is used for data transfer from
one computer network to another computer network
through telephone lines. The computer network works
in digital mode, while analog technology is used for
carrying massages across phone lines. Modem
converts an analog signal from a telephone or cable
wire to digital data (1s and 0s) that a computer can
recognize. Similarly, it converts digital data from a
computer or other device into an analog signal that can
be sent over standard telephone lines.
The first modems were made to transform digital data so
A brief history of modem
that they can be transmitted and received over telephone
lines. Dataphone was the first modem, and it was
released in 1960 by AT&T. The first modems that were
released commercially functioned with a speed rate of
100 bps. They were first used by the news services.

In the late 1970s, modems became a more familiar

product to consumers thanks to news services that were
built on the early infrastructures of the Internet.
When the World Wide Web became popular in the mid-
1990s, the dial-up modems became the primary access
to the Internet in a lot of households.
But starting in the early 2000s, dial-up modem users have
converted to the broadband modem because of its faster
speed and more advanced technology.

These days, computers do not come with a dial-up

modem. If you want to use a dial-up modem these days,
you will have to purchase and install it yourself.
 Types of modems
The first modems were "dial-up," meaning they had to
dial a phone number to connect to an ISP. These
modems operated over standard analog phone lines
and used the same frequencies as telephone calls.

Modern modems are typically DSL or cable modems,

which are considered "broadband" devices. DSL
modems operate over standard telephone lines, but
use a wider frequency range.

Cable modem is usually connected to a 

personal computer or router using an Ethernet
 connection that operates at line speeds of 10 or 100
Mbps. Cable modems send and receive data over
standard cable television lines, which are typically 
coaxial cables.
 Types of modems
Internal Modem is modem that plugged directly into
the CPU. Physically internal modem in the form of a
card that is plugged into one of the expansion slots
on the mainboard, usually on the ISA or PCI slot.
Since it has been installed on the CPU, then this type
of modem does not require an adapter.

External Modem is modem that installed outside of

the CPU. External modem connected to the CPU via
the COM port or USB. External modem will be
connected to the telephone line and the computer via
cables. This type of modem typically uses separate
voltage source in the form of an adapter.
 What are the parts inside a
modem?
1. On/off button: 
2. Capacitors:
3. Volume control:
4. Loudspeaker:
5. Modem chip: Modulates (add digital information to the
outgoing telephone signal) and  demodulates (separate the
digital information from the incoming signal).
6. Other chips: Control modem chip and other components.
7. Microphone: Allows you to send your own voice down the
phone line.
8. Serial connection: Connects the modem to your
computer's serial (RS232) port. Newer modems connect to
the USB port instead.
9. Microphone socket: Connects an external microphone so
you can record messages in higher quality
10. Telephone sockets: Connect your modem to a phone
socket with a standard (RJ11) telephone cable.
11. Power input: Connects the modem to an external power
supply unit to your modem.
 Functions of
Modems
The essential function of a modem is to create an easily
transmitted and decoded signal that allows digital data
to be sent from place to place without the loss of
information. The most familiar use of modems is to
send information over a telephone channel, but
modems can be used to relay data over any system that
provides a means of transmitting analog signals,
including radio and optical networks.

Data Compression Flow Control Error Correction

 Uses of modem
Point of Sale (PoS): 
ATM Machine
Use for ticket machine in airport, bus/railway station
Pay bill via credit/debit card in hotels or shopping mall.

Remote Management and Logistics:

Gas/Petrol station maintenance
Grocery Store Freezer and Cooler Call Center

Out of Band Access, Broadband & Server backup:

Backup for ADSL connections in DVD rental or car
washes
Server backup
Backup for VPN dial in connections

Machine to Machine:
Medical devices help to move patient test report to
doctor’s PC.
 What Is the Difference Between a Router an
a Modem?
Modems and routers are both essential devices for
connecting to the internet. Many people mistake
the two because they both have blinking lights on
the front and Ethernet ports on the back. However,
modems and routers perform very different
functions.

A modem connects you to a wide area network

(WAN) or the internet. On the other hand, a router
connects your devices to your local area network
(LAN) or WiFi network, and it lets your devices
communicate with each other wirelessly.  

Basically, a modem is your gateway to the internet,

while a router is a central hub for your devices.
Do we need a Modem or a Router?
We will need both a modem and a router if we
want to use WiFi or connect multiple devices. Since
most modems only have one LAN Ethernet port,
We can only connect one computer at a time, but it
won’t provide the same security that a router does.

A router is essential if we have several devices that

need to connect to the internet. However, we won’t
be able to access the internet with a router alone. A
router needs to be connected to the modem in
order for it to distribute the internet connection to
our devices. 

With that said, there is no need to get a separate

modem and router when we are setting up our
home internet connection. These days, there are
devices that come with the functions of both a
modem and a router.
Now that you’re comfortable with what a modem does, you
What Modem is Right
have to check before buying include: compatibility to devices,
download speeds, security, and, of course, price. for You?
Device compatibility depends entirely on what kind of
computer you own and the software on your device. You can
easily find out if a modem supports your device by looking at
the box or description online under “system requirements.”

Upload and download speeds also vary between modems. If

you’re frequently uploading videos or pictures to the internet
or downloading movies and music, choosing a modem that
supports faster speeds will save you some time and
frustration.

Modems also provide some degree of security so you can feel

secure as you browse. Specific security information can also
be found on the box or online description of a modem.

Modems can be purchased from many online retailers such as

Amazon or in stores like Best Buy. Depending on the
specifications listed above, modems can be priced anywhere
between $10 and $200+.
THANKS!
Do you have any questions?

ljavadovaa@gmail.com
gozalovaaydan@gmail.com

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