In Production, Planning and Control

CIM and Robotics - In Production,
Planning and Control
Prepared By:-
Amit Kumar
Mandar Pachpor
CIM – Computer Integrated
Manufacturing
In 1980s, the idea of computer-integrated

manufacturing was developed and
promoted by Machine tool manufacturers
and Computer and Automated Systems
Association and Society of Manufacturing
Engineers (CASA/SME).
Computer Integrated Manufacturing
- Cont…
The term "computer-integrated manufacturing" is
both a method of manufacturing and the name of
a computer-automated system in which individual
engineering, production, marketing, and support
functions of a manufacturing enterprise are
organized.
"CIM is the integration of total manufacturing
enterprise by using integrated systems and data
communication coupled with new managerial
philosophies that improve organizational and
personnel efficiency."
3 Components Of CIM
Means for data storage, retrieval,
manipulation and presentation;
Mechanisms for sensing state and
modifying processes;
Algorithms for uniting the data
processing component with the
sensor/modification component.
Subsystems Of - CIM
Computer-aided techniques:
CAD Computer-aided design
CAE Computer-aided engineering
CAM Computer-aided manufacturing
CAPP Computer-aided process planning
CAQ Computer-aided quality assurance
PPC Production planning and control
ERP Enterprise resource planning
A business system integrated by a common
database.
Subsystems - Cont…
Devices and equipment required:
CNC Computer numerical controlled machine tools
DNC Direct numerical control machine tools
PLCs Programmable logic controllers
Robotics
Computers
Software
Controllers
Networks
Interfacing
Monitoring equipment
Subsystems - Cont…
Technologies:
FMS flexible manufacturing system
ASRS Automated storage and retrieval
system
AGV Automated guided vehicle
Robotics
Automated conveyance systems
Others:
Lean manufacturing
CAD/ CAM ?
Computer-aided design (CAD) and
Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
are a pair of often interdependent
industrial computer applications that have
greatly influenced the chain of processes
between the initial design and the final
realization of a product.
Origin Of CAD/ CAM
3 separate sources:
◦ The Drafting Process,
- GM Research Lab., 1960s
◦ Testing Of Designs (Simulation), and
◦ Flow – Design Process to Manufacturing
Process
( Numerical Control Technologies).
- Linkage between CAD and CAM
CAD/ CAM Systems
Advantages Of CAD/ CAM
3D Modeling,
Easy Production,
Automatic Simulation,
Electronic Database,
Higher Efficiency,
Savings in cost,
Access Control, and
DXF - CNC.
CAD/ CAM v/s Manual Drawing
No need for scaling, all drawing is Work is copied and stored off the
done full size. computer for security purpose.
The screen drawing area can be set Dimensioning almost automatic.

to any size with the click of a
button.
All of the tools needed are supplied Parts of drawings can be saved and
by the program. used in other drawings.
Absolute accuracy can be

maintained.
Production details can be directly

extracted from the drawings.
Both 2D and 3D drawings can be

produced.
Limitations Of CAD/ CAM
No means of real-world concepts
Future Of CAD/ CAM
Standardization of software,
Sophistication of Visual representation,
CVS – CAD Voice Control
Robotics
Robot is – a virtual or mechanical artificial
agent.
In practice, it is usually an electro-
mechanical machine which is guided by
computer or electronic programming, and is
thus able to do tasks on its own.
Another common characteristic is that by its
appearance or movements, a robot often
conveys a sense that it has intent or agency of
its own.
Types Of - Robots
Mobile
Industrial
Service
Mobile – Robots
Mobile robots have the capability to move

around in their environment and are not fixed to
one physical location. An example of a mobile
robot that is in common use today is
the automated guided vehicle or automatic
guided vehicle (AGV). An AGV is a mobile
robot that follows markers or wires in the floor,
or uses vision or lasers.
Industrial - Robots
An industrial robot is defined by ISO as

an automatically controlled, reprogrammable,
multipurpose manipulator programmable in
three or more axes.
Industrial robots usually consist of a jointed
arm (multi-linked manipulator) and end-
effector that is attached to a fixed surface.
Service – Robots
A service robot is a robot which operates semi-

or fully- autonomously to perform services
useful to the well-being of humans and
equipment, excluding manufacturing operations.
Advantages Of - Robots
Robotics and automations can increase safety,
reliability, production amount, profit, quality and
quantity of products in a lot of cases.
They can do jobs in dangerous situations and save
lives of thousands of people.
They do not care about the comfort of their
environment. Human needs such as hunger or
depression have no meanings for them. They do
not get tired.
Their accuracy is so high and is in the range of
millimetres or even micrometers.
Limitations Of - Robots
The initial investment of robots is significant, especially when business owners
are limiting their purchases to new robotic equipment.
Incorporating industrial robots does not guarantee results. Without planning,
companies can have difficulty achieving their goals.
Employees will require training in programming and interacting with the new
robotic equipment. This normally takes time and financial output.
Robots may protect workers from some hazards, but in the meantime, their very
presence can create other safety problems. These new dangers must be taken into
consideration.
The robots might not respond as well, and it might go out of control. They also
cost lots of money to buy or build, and only do what they are programmed to do.
They have limited duties. They can only do what they have been ordered to do.
People can lose jobs in factories.
It needs a supply of power.
It needs maintenance to keep it running.
Thank You for Listening…………………

In Production, Planning and Control

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In Production, Planning and Control

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CIM and Robotics - In Production,

Planning and Control

In 1980s, the idea of computer-integrated

The screen drawing area can be set Dimensioning almost automatic.

Absolute accuracy can be

Production details can be directly

Both 2D and 3D drawings can be

Mobile robots have the capability to move

An industrial robot is defined by ISO as

A service robot is a robot which operates semi-

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