Basic Needs
Uploaded by
Anusikta PandaBasic Needs
Uploaded by
Anusikta PandaBASIC HUMAN NEEDS
INTRODUCTION
Every being on this earth has certain basic needs which
need to be fulfilled, so are the humans having such needs.
The basic human need is the want of something or the
requirement for biological, social, spiritual, and
psychological functioning experienced by the person
without which he cannot survive.
DEFINITION
• The elements required for survival and normal mental
and physical health such as food, water, shelter,
protection from environmental threats and love.
• The elements whose satisfaction is required to
produce non deviant, non-violent, normal behavior.
THE NINE BASIC HUMAN NEEDS
1.Security
Security is the need to feel safe, to feel
assured that they know what is going to
happen, to know ahead of time what the
plans are. what constitutes security can be
different people.
2. Adventure
Adventure is the need for an adrenaline rush,
to have new experiences, to travel, to have big
experiences, to have drama in their life, to
have a sense of anticipation about upcoming
events.
3. Freedom
Freedom is the need for
independence and spontaneity. it is
also the need to have choices and
to feel in control of making those
choices. what constitutes freedom
for one person may be very different
from another’s.
4. Exchange
Exchange is the need to trade information and
knowledge with others, not just to mingle or socialize,
but to deliver and receive something of value.
5. Power
People with a need for power need to be in a position
of authority and responsibility. they need to explore
power, leadership and accomplishment to be good
organizers and accept responsibility, setting an
example of leadership
6. Expansion
Expansion is the need to build something, to add
onto, to expand horizons, to go where no one has
gone before.
7. Acceptance
Acceptance is the need to accept yourself
and be accepted by others. this includes a
feeling of belonging. people with a need for
acceptance are usually very easy- going and
pleasant to have in a group.
8. Community
People with a need for community like having
people around them. they are highly social and will
express their enjoyment of gatherings. these are the
best folks to put in charge of parties and company
gatherings. they will seek out people and are able to
maintain large numbers of relationships.
9. Expression
Expression is the need to be artistic, to be seen, to
be heard, to be felt. It is the need to express oneself
through words, speech, action, dress, art and self-
creations of all types.
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF BASIC HUMAN NEEDS
Name: Abraham Harold Maslow
Born April 1, 1908 in Brooklyn, New York
Parents: Samuel and Rose Maslow
Maslow’s parents are Jewish emigrants from
Russia.
December 31, 1928 - Abraham Maslow married
Bertha Goodman. The couple had two
daughters, Ann and Ellen.
Died June 8, 1970
Education
– City college of new york
– Studied law - 1926
University of Wisconsin
– Bachelor of arts degree in psychology- 1930
– Master of arts degree in psychology – 1931
– Phd psychology- 1934
Research
– First to study the psychology of health
– Human sexuality
– Humanistic psychology
Worked
– Professor at brooklyn college (1937-51) and brandeis
university (1951-61)• considered to be the founder
of humanistic psychology.
Maslow’s Theory
• “We each have a hierarchy of needs that ranges from "lower" to
"higher." As lower needs are fulfilled there is a tendency for other,
higher needs to emerge.”
• Maslow’s theory maintains that a person does not feel a higher need
until the needs of the current level have been satisfied.
• In his theory a person does not escalate to the next need unless the
one before is fulfilled.
• His theory consists of five levels of basic needs
Maslow’s five levels of basic needs
SELF-
ACTUALIZATION
Morality, creativity,
Spontanity, problem
solving
SELF ESTEEM
Self-respect ,Achievement
Attention , Recognition,
Reputation
LOVE AND BELONGING
Friendship, Intimacy,Family
SAFETY NEEDS
Security of body, of employment, resources of motality, of the family, of
health, of property
PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
Breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion
Physiological needs
• Physiological Needs Are The Physical
Requirements For Human Survival.
• If These Requirements Are Not Met,
The Human Body Cannot Function
Properly, And Will Ultimately Fail.
Physiological Needs Are Thought To
Be The Most Important; They Should PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
Be Met First. Breathing, food, water, sex,
• Physiological Needs Include:- sleep, homeostasis, excretion
Air, Water, And Food Are Metabolic Requirements For Survival In All Animals,
Including Humans. Clothing And Shelter Provide Necessary Protection From
The Elements. The Intensity Of The Human Sexual Instinct Is Shaped More By
Sexual Competition Than Maintaining A Birth Rate Adequate To Survival Of The
Species.
• With their physical needs relatively Safety Needs
satisfied, the individual’s safety needs
take precedence.
• Safety needs are needs that give us
stability, protection and safe
circumstances. SAFETY NEEDS
• Children's safety needs include: Security of body, of
employment, resources of
protection from their parents and to feel motality, of the family, of health,
safe in their home. of property
• Adult’s safety needs include: knowing PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
that their family is safe, having a good Breathing, food, water, sex,
retirement pension, and insurance. sleep, homeostasis, excretion
• Safety and security needs include:
LOVE AND BELONGING
After physiological and safety needs are fulfilled, LOVE AND BELONGING
the third level of human needs is interpersonal Friendship , family ,intimacy
and involves feelings of belongingness. This aspect
of Maslow’s hierarchy involves emotion based SAFETY NEEDS
relationships in general, such as Security of body, of employment,
resources of motality, of the family, of
health, of property
According to Maslow, humans need to feel a sense PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
of belonging and acceptance among their social Breathing, food, water, sex,
groups, regardless if these groups are large or sleep, homeostasis, excretion
small.
ESTEEM
ESTEEM
Self-respect ,Achievement
All humans have a need to feel Attention , Recognition,
Reputation
respected; this includes the need to
have self-esteem and self-respect. LOVE AND BELONGING
Friendship, Intimacy, Family
Esteem presents the typical human desire
SAFETY NEEDS
to be accepted and valued by others. Security of body, of employment, resources of motality, of
the family, of health, of property
People often engage in a profession or PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
Breathing, food, water, sex,
hobby to gain recognition. These sleep, homeostasis, excretion
activities give the person a sense of
contribution or value.
• Most people have a need for stable self-respect and self-
esteem.
• Maslow noted two versions of esteem needs: a "lower" version
and a "higher" version. The "lower" version of esteem is the
need for respect from others. This may include a need for
status, recognition, fame, prestige, and attention. The "higher"
version manifests itself as the need for self-respect.
SELF-ACTUALIZATION SELF-
ACTUALIZATION
MORALITY,
"What a man can be, he must be. This CREATIVITY,
SPONTANITY,
PROBLEM
quotation forms the basis of the perceived SOLVING
ESTEEM
need for self-actualization. This level of Self-respect ,Achievement
Attention , Recognition,
need refers to what a person's full Reputation
LOVE AND BELONGING
potential is and the realization of that
Friendship, Intimacy, Family
potential. Maslow describes this level as SAFETY NEEDS
Security of body, of employment, resources of motality, of the family, of
health, of property
the desire to accomplish everything that
one can, to become the most that one can PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
Breathing, food, water, sex,
be. Individuals may perceive or focus on sleep, homeostasis, excretion
this need very specifically.
For example,
one individual may have the strong desire to become an ideal
parent. in another, the desire may be expressed athletically. for
others, it may be expressed in paintings, pictures, or inventions. as
previously mentioned.
Maslow believed that to understand this level of need, the
person must not only achieve the previous needs, but master them.
The basis of Maslow's motivation theory is that human beings are
motivated by unsatisfied needs, and that certain lower factors need to
be satisfied before higher needs can be satisfied. According to
Maslow, there are general types of needs (physiological, survival,
safety, love, and esteem) that must be satisfied before a person can
act unselfishly. He called these needs deficiency needs. As long as we
are motivated to satisfy these cravings, we are moving towards
growth, toward self-actualization. Satisfying needs is healthy, while
preventing gratification makes us sick or act evilly