Cavite Mutiny

THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY
THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY: Introduction
Cavite is surrounded by Laguna province to the east, Metro Manila to the

northeast, and Batangas province to the south. To the west lies the West
Philippine Sea. It is located within the Greater Manila Area, not to be confused
with adjacent Metro Manila, the defined capital region. Cavite is known for its
rich history and a large number of National Heroes. It is sometimes called "Land of the
Brave" or the History Capital of the Philippines.
MUTINY
-A rebellion against the authority
-Mutiny comes from an old verb, mutine, which means "revolt,"
and a mutiny is still like a revolt.
- The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 was an uprising of military personalities at Fort San Felipe, the
Spanish arsenal in Cavite, Philippines.
- Took place on January 20, 1872.
- Around 200 laborers and soldiers rose up in a belief that it would escalate to a national uprising.
- It was unsuccessful and government soldiers executed many of the participants and began to
crack down on a burgeoning nationalist movement.
- It is believed by many scholars that the Cavite Mutiny of 1872 was the beginning of Filipino
nationalism that would eventually lead to the Philippine Revolution of 1896.
- The event has been unforgettable and reflected in the 12 events that
influenced Philippine history in a major way.
- This event was also meaningful to the 3 Filipino priests, Mariano Gomez,
Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA).
- GOMBURZA were executed on February 17, 1872 at Bagumbayan through

Garote.
- Their execution left a profound impact on many Filipinos that in fact Dr.
Jose Rizal dedicated his novel El Filibusterismu to these martyr priests.
THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY: The Controversy
Two major events happened in 1872, first was the 1872 Cavite Mutiny and the other was the
martyrdom of the three martyr priests in the persons of Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and
Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA). However, not all of us knew that there were different accounts in
reference to the said event. All Filipinos must know the different sides of the story—since this event
led to another tragic yet meaningful part of our history—the execution of GOMBURZA which in
effect a major factor in the awakening of nationalism among the Filipinos. The two conflicting
accounts were the Spanish Perspective in the Mutiny and the Filipino version of the incident.
THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY: Spanish Perspective
One of the most prolific Spanish writers on the

Philippine archipelago is Jose Montero y
Vidal (1851-1936). He held the position of
Gobernador Civil in various provinces in the
Philippines, at a time when the Spanish era was
about to end.
JOSE MONTERO Y VIDAL

Rafael Izquierdo was a Spanish
Military Officer, politician, and statesman.
He served as Governor-General of the
Philippines from April 4, 1871 to January
8, 1873.
RAFAEL
- Jose Montero Y Vidal, a prolific Spanish historian documented the event and
highlighted it as an attempt of the Indios to overthrow the Spanish government in the
Philippines.
- On 20 January 1872, the district of Sampaloc celebrated the feast of the Virgin of
Loreto, with the usual fireworks displays. Allegedly, those in Cavite mistook the
fireworks as the sign for the attack, and just like what was agreed upon, the 200-men
contingent headed by Sergeant La Madrid launched an attack targeting Spanish
officers at sight and seized the arsenal.
- They believed that the GOMBURZA was the mastermind of the uprising
- Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo’s official report magnified the event and made
use of it to implicate the native clergy, which was then active in the call for
secularization.
- According to Izquierdo, native clergy attracted supporters by giving them

charismatic assurance that their fight would not fail because they had God’s
support, aside from promises of lofty rewards such as employment, wealth,
and ranks in the army.
THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY: Filipino version
Trinidad Hermenegildo José María Juan Francisco Pardo de

Tavera y Gorricho was a Filipino physician, historian and
politician of Spanish and Portuguese descent. Trinidad, also
known by his name T. H. Pardo de Tavera was known for his
writings about different aspects of Philippine culture.
Dr. Trinidad Hermenigildo Pardo de Tavera

- Dr. Trinidad Hermenigildo Pardo de Tavera, a Filipino scholar and researcher,

wrote the Filipino version of the bloody incident in Cavite. In his point of
view, the incident was a mere mutiny by the native Filipino soldiers and
laborers of the Cavite arsenal who turned out to be dissatisfied with the
abolition of their privileges.
- Tavera blamed Gov. Izquierdo’s cold-blooded policies such as the

abolition of privileges of the workers and native army members of the
arsenal and the prohibition of the founding of school of arts and trades for
the Filipinos, which the general believed as a cover-up for the
organization of a political club.
- Tavera believed that the Spanish friars and Izquierdo used the Cavite
Mutiny as a powerful lever by magnifying it as a full-blown conspiracy
involving not only the native army but also included residents of Cavite
and Manila, and more importantly the native clergy to overthrow the
Spanish government in the Philippines.
- A French writer named Edmund Plauchut complemented Tavera’s account

and analyzed the 1872 Cavite Mutiny
THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY: Conclusion
After considering the four accounts about 1872 CAVITE mutiny. We can
make a conclusion that there is lack of factuality among those (biases on
both accounts) maybe some of it were true but the fact is none of them site
the best evidence we can rely on of what really the reason of the 1872 Cavite
Mutiny. But the fact is, the 1872 Cavite Mutiny explained the birth of
Filipino Nationalism and the June 12, 1898 independence may be the
momentous event of Philippine Independence has all about but we should
bare in our minds and hearts that before that we already across the victory,
our forefathers suffered enough (GOMBURZA).

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THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY

THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY: Introduction

Cavite is surrounded by Laguna province to the east, Metro Manila to the

- GOMBURZA were executed on February 17, 1872 at Bagumbayan through

One of the most prolific Spanish writers on the

JOSE MONTERO Y VIDAL

- According to Izquierdo, native clergy attracted supporters by giving them

Trinidad Hermenegildo José María Juan Francisco Pardo de

Dr. Trinidad Hermenigildo Pardo de Tavera

- Dr. Trinidad Hermenigildo Pardo de Tavera, a Filipino scholar and researcher,

- Tavera blamed Gov. Izquierdo’s cold-blooded policies such as the

- A French writer named Edmund Plauchut complemented Tavera’s account

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