Formation Damage Part 2
Formation Damage Part 2
Formation Damage Part 2
Part 2
Secret
Learning Outcomes
Secret
Formation Damage – Drilling Operation
Secret
Formation Damage – Drilling Operation
Secret
Formation Damage – Depth
• The use of long and/or wide bottom hole assemblies and the carrying out of many
round trips will result in frequent mechanical scraping of the mud cake
• High circulation rates will increase the dynamic overbalance and the high fluid
velocities will erode the mudcake
Secret
Leak Off Volume
Secret
Fluid Loss
Secret
Fluid Loss
ii. In a gas reservoir the addition of a (third) oil phase to the already existing
gas/water phases will reduce the relative permeability to gas
Secret
Fluid Loss
iii. Surfactants present in the drilling fluid may change the formation wettabilities
Further extraction of the surfactants present in the mud filtrate e.g. from an invert
oil emulsion mud; may cause the generation of a viscous water – in oil emulsion
present in the formation
Secret
Fluid Loss
iv. The connate water and the mud filtrate or injection fluid may be incompatible
resulting in precipitates being formed. Such precipitates will reduce the
permeability of the near wellbore formation. Similarly, polymer dissolved in the
mud filtrate may absorb on the formation surfaces, restricting the area open to
flow.
Secret
Clay Chemistry
i. The filtrate may react with the minerals which make up the
formation rock. This interaction may express itself in terms of
(clay) particle migration (or mobilization). These mobilized clay
particles can then block the pore throats, leading to permeability
reduction through internal filter cake formation.
Secret
Clay Chemistry
Secret
Filter Cake Formation
Filter-Cake formation
Secret
Invasion Profile Summary
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile –Summary
Cementing Operation
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile –Summary
Cementing Operation
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile –Summary
Cementing Operation
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile –Summary
Cementing Operation
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile–Summary
Perforating Operation
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile–Summary
Perforating Operation
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile –Summary
Production Operation
Fines movement
Pressure reduction
Stimulation
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile–Summary
Work Over Operation
Secret
Formation
Invasion
Damage
Profile–Summary
Work Over Operation
Once the workover operation progressed to milling on a fish that was lodged across the
perforations; the losses decreased by 50% for the next two days, dropping virtually to zero
after day 13. It is very likely that the originally open perforations had become
completely blocked by the end of the operation. A reduced well production can be
Secret
Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.
Alternative Proxies: