Modern Irrigation

Systems
Natural Resources
 Natural Resources
• Natural resources are usually either renewable or non-renewable. The former refer
to those resources that can renew themselves in time. These include living
resources like forests or non-living ones like wind, water, solar energy.
• Non-renewable resources, as the name implies, are those that can no longer be
tapped once the available stock at a site is exhausted. Once we use them, there
isn't any more. Mineral resources are non-renewable. Fossil fuels, which are
formed from the fossilized remains of prehistoric organisms, are also considered
non-renewable even though they can renew themselves given a few million years.
• Natural renewable resources, such as wind and water, have been used throughout
history, and till recently were a predominant energy source. In many developing
countries, biomass remains the primary energy source for much of the population.
• Renewable sources have the advantage of producing lower emissions of carbon
dioxide, and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

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 Natural Environmental
Resources
These can be: physical such as soil, water,
forests, fisheries, and animals, minerals
(e.g. copper, bauxite, etc.); gases (e.g.
helium, hydrogen, oxygen, etc.); and.
abstract such as solar energy, wind energy,
landscape, good air, clear water, and so
forth.

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 Irrigation
• Irrigation is the process of applying controlled amounts of water to plants at
needed intervals. Irrigation helps to grow agricultural crops, maintain
landscapes, and revegetate disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of less
than average rainfall.
• When water supplies are adequate, irrigation can increase crop yield
dramatically. Different irrigation systems are suited to different soils, climates,
crops and resources. There are three main types of irrigation systems: surface,
overhead and drip.
• Irrigation helps to grow agricultural crops, maintain landscapes, and revegetate
disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of less than average rainfall.
Irrigation also has other uses in crop production, including frost protection,
suppressing weed growth in grain fields and preventing soil consolidation.

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 Types Of Irrigation
Systems

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 Types Of Irrigation Systems
There are two types of Irrigation Systems;
• Modern Irrigation System
The widely used methods of irrigation are surface, sprinkling, subirrigation, intrasoil,
and mist irrigation. Soil wetting and salt leaching are the principal purposes of
surface irrigation. In sprinkler irrigation both soil and air are wetted, besides frost
prevention and application of fertilizers and herbicides.
• Ancient Irrigation Systems
Moat: Also called the pulley system, it involves pulling up water from a well or other
such source to irrigate the land. Chain pump: A chain pump consists of two large
wheels connected by a chain. Dhekli: It is a process of drawing water from a well or
such similar source.Rahat.
In this presentation we are only going to discuss Modern Methods of Irrigation.

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Modern Methods Of
Irrigation
 Modern Methods Of Irrigation
• Modern Methods of Irrigation utilize cloud-automated and timed sprinkler
systems, drip systems and subsurface water lines. Using precise, high resolution
ET Everywhere weather data, Smart Irrigation Controllers are able to create
specific schedules to maintain landscape health, irrigating only when necessary,
based on daily, site-specific runtime adjustments. This method of irrigation
involves three systems:
1. Sprinkler System
2. Drip System
3. Subsurface Drip System
• In this present situation, there is shortage of water everywhere. So, we should
adopt those irrigation methods which were helpful in reducing this water
shortage crisis by suitable water management.

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 Sprinkler System
• Sprinkler System: Water droplets are sprayed or sprinkled like raindrops over
landscape through rotating nozzles connected to pipelines. The pipelines are
connected perpendicular to a main pipeline laid in the field.
• Useful for sandy soil and uneven land
• Protects plants/crops from extreme frost or temperature
• Fertilizer and insecticide can be applied through sprinkler system
• Helps with soil conservation

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 Drip System

• Drip System: Water flows through narrow pipes laid on the fields and drips
through small holes (emitters) directly at the place of plant roots. Roots absorb
the water and nourish the plant. There is no water waste with this method, as
less water is lost to evaporation, runoff and wind.
• Optimizes soil moisture, saving water
• Direct hydration of plant roots for plant health
• Inhibits weed growth since water is applied directly to plants, not spread around
the field
• Bacterial growth is limited since area near plants is dry

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 Subsurface Drip System
Subsurface Drip System: When the water table is deep below the ground surface, plastic drip tubes or trickle
emission devices are buried below the soil surface within plant root zones. This low-pressure method of
irrigation can reduce water use by 25% compared to above ground sprinkler irrigation, and works well in
irregular shaped fields and on slopes.

• Saves water and improves plant health by eliminating surface water run-off and evaporation
• Reduces weed growth and disease
• Useful in hot, dry, windy climates with limited water supply

Also critical is knowing how moist or dry the soil is deep below the ground surface. Here’s where another
method of Modern Irrigation will save landscaping from being under-watered or overwatered.

Buried deep below the soil surface, Soil Moisture Sensors transmit to the Smart Irrigation Controller how wet
or dry the soil is in the root zone, and how much water it needs in real time. These sensitive sensors can read
soil moisture within ±3 percent of the actual volumetric soil moisture content.

Another cloud-based Modern Method of Irrigation is Mobile apps, which put control of the Smart Irrigation
11 System in the palm of your hand from anywhere, literally with a tap of the finger.
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 Bottom Line …
• From timed sprinkler systems to managing your cloud-based Smart Irrigation
System on your mobile app– welcome to the present and ever-evolving,
technology-driven future of Modern Methods of Irrigation!

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 Sprinkler System Subsurface System

Drip System
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 Presentation By:
Siala Achakzai,
Pre O’Level A

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