Formal Education and Non-Formal Education: Reported By: Jelly Anne de Luya

Formal
education and
non-formal
education
Reported by: Jelly Anne De Luya

What is education?
Etymologically, the word education is derived from the Latin word educere
which means “lead out”, or “bring forth what is within”.
Education is the process of bringing desirable changes into the behavior of
the human being. It can also be defined as the process of imparting or acquiring
knowledge or habits through educational techniques.
Webster defines education as the process of teaching to develop the
knowledge, skill, and character of the student.
Types of Education
• Formal Education
• Non Formal Education
• Informal Education
Formal education
– Formal education or formal learning usually takes place in the premises of the
school, where a person may learn basic, academic, or trade skills.
– The formal education is given by specially qualified teachers they are supposed
to be efficient in the art of instruction. It also observes strict discipline. The
student and the teacher both are aware of the facts and engage themselves in
the process of education.
Characteristics of formal education
– Formal education is structured hierarchically.

– It is planned and deliberate.
– Scheduled fees are paid regularly.
– It has a chronological grading system.
– It has a syllabus and subject-oriented. The syllabus has to be covered within a
specific time period.
– The child is taught by the teachers
Examples of Formal Education
– Learning in a classroom
– School grading/certification, college, and university degrees
– Planned education of different subjects having a proper syllabus acquired by
attending the institution.
Advantages of Formal education
– An organized educational model and up to date course contents.

– Students acquire knowledge from trained and professional teachers.
– Structured and systematic learning process.
– Intermediate and final assessments are ensured to advance students to the next
learning phase.
– Institutions are managerially and physically organized.
– Leads to a formally recognized certificate.
– Easy access to jobs.
Disadvantages of Formal education
– Sometimes, brilliant students are bored due to the long wait for the expiry of
the academic session to promote to the next stage
– Chance of bad habits’ adoption may be alarming due to the presence of both
good and bad students in the classroom
– Wastage of time as some lazy students may fail to learn properly in spite of
motivation by the professional trainers.
– Costly and rigid education as compare to other forms of learning
Non-formal Education
– Historically non-formal education was happening in many places outside of

formal education institutions and now it takes place in variety of learning
environments and not bounded to conference and training rooms.
– NFE is focused more on the student and this will have as result that the student
participates more .
Characteristics of Non-formal Education
– The nonformal education is planned and takes place apart from the school
system.
– The timetable and syllabus can be adjustable.
– Unlike theoretical formal education, it is practical and vocational education.
– Nonformal education has no age limit.
– Fees or certificates may or may not be necessary.
– It may be full time or part-time learning and one can earn and learn together.
– It involves learning of professional skills.
Examples of Non-formal Education
– Community-based adult education courses.

– Free courses for adult education developed by some organization.
– Alternative Learning System (ALS)
– Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
The
LIFE LONG LEARNING
Concept
KNOWLEDGE BEHAVIORS
SKILLS ATTITUDES
PRINCIPLES OF N.F.E
Voluntary
(People take part on their will)
Active participation
(People influence the learning process)
Group as a source of learning
(People learn through interaction with
others)
Learner-Centered
(People are in the center of the educational
process)
Experiential Learning
(Experience is a source for learning)
A safe space for learning

(People are not afraid to take risks)
Value based
(It’s all about values)
Mission of Non-Formal Education in
the Philippines
– To empower the Filipino with desirable knowledge, attitude and values that will
enable him/her think critically and creatively, act innovatively and humanely in
improving the quality of his/her life and that of his/her family, community and
country.
Advantages of Non-formal Education
– Practiced and vocational training.

– Naturally growing minds that do not wait for the system to amend.
– Literacy with skilfulness growth in which self-learning is appreciated.
– Flexibility in age, curriculum and time.
– Open-ended educational system in which both the public and private sector are
involved in the process.
– No need to conduct regular exams.
– Diploma, certificates, and award are not essential to be awarded.
Disadvantages of Non-formal Education
– Attendance of participants is unsteady.

– Sometimes, it’s just wastage of time as there is no need to conduct the exam on
regular basis and no degree/diploma is awarded at the end of the training
session.
– Basic reading and writing skills are crucial to learn.
– Students may not enjoy full confidence as the regular students enjoy.
– Some institutes provide fake certification through online courses just for the
sake of earning.
Non-Formal Education should not be considered as less
important because it is in fact as important as formal
education. It may not be fully organized and structured like
formal education, but it still provides important information for
the generation.
Informal Education
– Life long process.

– Individual learns from daily experiences.
– Individual learns from exposure to the environment at home, at work, at play
etc.
– Unlike formal education, informal education is not imparted by an institution
such as school or college. Informal education is not given according to any fixed
timetable. There is no set curriculum required. Informal education consists of
experiences and actually living in the family or community.
Examples of Informal Education
– Teaching the child some basics such as numeric characters.

– Someone learning his/her mother tongue
– A spontaneous type of learning, “if a person standing in a bank learns about
opening and maintaining the account at the bank from someone.”
Examples of Informal Education
– Teaching the child some basics such as numeric characters.

– Someone learning his/her mother tongue
– A spontaneous type of learning, “if a person standing in a bank learns about
opening and maintaining the account at the bank from someone.”
Characteristics of Informal Education
– It is independent of boundary walls.

– It has no definite syllabus.
– It is not pre-planned and has no timetable.
– No fees are required as we get informal education through daily experience and by
learning new things.
– It is a lifelong process in a natural way.
– The certificates/degrees are not involved and one has no stress for learning the new
things.
– You can get from any source such as media, life experiences, friends, family etc.
Advantages of Informal Education
– More naturally learning process as you can learn at anywhere and at any time from your
daily experience.
– It involves activities like individual and personal research on a topic of interest for themselves
by utilizing books, libraries, social media, internet or getting assistance from informal
trainers.
– Utilizes a variety of techniques.
– No specific time span.
– Less costly and time-efficient learning process.
– No need to hire experts as most of the professionals may be willing to share their precious
knowledge with students/public through social media and the internet.
– Learners can be picked up the requisite information from books, TV, radio or conversations
with their friends/family members.
Disadvantages of Informal Education
– Information acquired from the internet, social media, TV, radio or conversations
with friends/family members may lead to the disinformation.
– Utilized techniques may not be appropriate.
– No proper schedule/time span.
– Unpredictable results which simply the wastage of time.
– Lack of confidence in the learner.
– Absence of discipline, attitude and good habits.

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Formal

Reported by: Jelly Anne De Luya

– Formal education is structured hierarchically.

– An organized educational model and up to date course contents.

– Historically non-formal education was happening in many places outside of

– Community-based adult education courses.

A safe space for learning

– Practiced and vocational training.

– Attendance of participants is unsteady.

– Life long process.

– Teaching the child some basics such as numeric characters.

– Teaching the child some basics such as numeric characters.

– It is independent of boundary walls.

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