Chapter 1 (BC)
Chapter 1 (BC)
What is communication?
• In plain words “just to convey the message”
• To give signals or messages through sounds, gesture or written symbols
• The intended meaning from the actual
words
• The intended listening (hearer wants to
Communication
Effective Communication enables
Force
Communicating in the age of information
Technology
Communicating in team-based
organizations
Course/training for Effective
Communication
Organizations make sure that communication inside
and outside the company are open, honest and clear.
Ability to communicate increases productivity, both
individual and organization’s
Shapes impression you make on colleagues,
employees, supervisors, investors, and customers
Helps you to perceive the needs of the stakeholders,
and it helps you to respond to those needs
Your communication skills determine your success
whether you:
◦ Run your own business
◦ Work for an employer
◦ invest in a company
◦ raise money for charities
Every member of an organization is a link in the
information chain.
Flow of information inside the organization:
◦ Staff meetings
◦ progress reports
◦ project proposals
◦ research results
or outside the organization:
◦ loan applications
◦ purchasing agreements
◦ help-wanted ads
◦ distribution contracts
◦ product advertisements
◦ sales calls
within company you & your coworkers use the
information you obtain from one another to guide
your activities
a manager coordinates these activities & efforts
constant flow of information up, down & across the
organization
As manager, you carry out decision by collecting
facts, analyzing them, and transmitting directions
to lower-level employees.
Employees serve as the eyes and ears of an
organization
You are a contact point in both the external &
internal communication networks.
Formal Communication Channels
Information may travel up, down or across an
organization’s formal hierarchy.
Tall narrow structure of organization with
many levels risk distortion of information
One way to reduce distortion is to reduce
number of levels
Downward Upward
Supervisor Supervisor
Staff Staff
Horizontal
Department Department
At most organizations, decisions made at top flow
down to people who will carry them out
Downward messages might take the form of a
casual conversation, or formal interview between a
supervisor and an individual employee, or
communicated orally, through workshop or on
videotape.
Typical messages include:
◦ Briefings on the organization’s mission & strategies
◦ Instructions on how to perform various jobs
◦ Explanations of policies and procedures
◦ Feedback on employee performance
◦ Motivational pep talk
To solve problems and make decisions managers
must know what’s going on in the organization
Since they cant be everywhere at once, executives
depend on lower level employees to furnish them
with information like: reports on problems,
emerging trends, opportunities for improvement,
grievances & performance
The danger is that employees will report only the
good news.
Methods for channeling information upwards:
group meetings, interviews with employees who
are leaving company, employee surveys, etc
Many companies have set up suggestions systems
that encourages employees to submit ideas for
improving business
Communication flows from one dept. to another
either laterally or diagonally
Bypasses bureaucratic barriers
Efficiency of the company enhances
Horizontal information through Computer
networks, and teamwork
Without it co-workers aren’t able to share
information, resulting in missed deadlines,
duplicated efforts, increased cost, extra time,
decreased product quality & deteriorating employee
relationship.
Customers
Customers
Venders
Venders Investors
Investors
Company
Distributors
Distributors Journalists
Journalists
Competitors
Competitors Community
Community
Representatives
Representatives
.To inform
.To request
.To persuade
. To motivate
.To build relationships.
Feedback
travels to
sender
NOISE
Sender
Sender Sender
Sender Receiver
Receiver Receiver
Receiver
has
has encodes
encodes Channel carries message decodes
decodes “understands”
“understands”
idea
idea message
message message
message message
message
NOISE
Possible
Possible additional
additional
feedback
feedback to
to
receiver
receiver
How may the sender encode a Verbally or nonverbally. By speaking,
message? writing, gesturing.
What kinds of channels carry Letters, e-mail, memos, TV,
messages? telephone, voice, body. Others?
How does a receiver decode a Hearing, reading, observing.
message?
When is communication successful? When a message is understood as the
sender intended it to be.
How can a communicator provide for Ask questions, watch responses,
feedback? don’t dominate the exchange.
Ch. 1–25
Oral or Written
Oral Written
1. Immediate feedback 1. Delayed feedback
2. Shorter sentence; shorter words 2. Longer sentences; longer words
3. Conversational 3. More formal
4. Focus on interpersonal relations 4. Focus on content
5. Prompt action 5. Delayed action
6. Less detailed technical 6. More detailed technical
information information
7. More personal pronouns 7. Fewer personal pronouns
8. More colloquial language 8. More complex constructions
9. Simpler constructions 9. Useful for permanent record;
10. More imperative, interrogative, detailed documentations
and exclamatory sentences 10. Possibility of review
Who Communicator
Whom Receiver
Why Reason
What Contents
Where Place
How Method
Communication is to give signals or
messages through sounds, gesture or written
symbols
Communication is to Understand intended
meaning
Communication is life blood of every
organization
It helps you anticipate problems, make