Terminologies U S e D I N CPM: Activity: An Activity Carries The Arrow Symbol - This Represent A Task

Te r m i n o l o g i e s u s e d i n CPM
In order to explain the purpose, structure and operation of CPM, it is helpful to

define the following terms:
Activity: An activity carries the arrow symbol.This represent a task

or subproject that uses time or resources
Event:- A node (an event), denoted by a circle , marks the start and
completion of an activity, which contain a number that helps to identify its
location. For example activity A can be drawn as:
1 A
2
Dummy Activity: An activity, which is used to maintain the pre-defined
precedence relationship only during the construction of the project network, is
called a dummy activity. Dummy activity is represented by a dotted arrow and
does not consume any time and resource
 Parallel activity: There are two activity which being a t same
event a nd end a t same event.this activities are called parallel
activity.
Not allowed…..
 Path: A p at h is a series of adjacent activities leading from one

event to another.
 Critical path: A critical p a th is the sequence of critical activities

t h a t forms a continuous p a t h between the s ta r t of a project a nd
its completion.
Situations in network
diagram
BA A must finish before either B or
c
Can start, it called burst
event.
A C
C both A and B must finish before
can start, it called merge
C
B event.
A C
Dangling events is not
allow.
B
A
B
A must finish before B can start
Dummy both A and C must finish before
D can start, it’s called dummy
activity.
C
D
Forward pass:
 The Early S t a rt and Early Finish Time
Calculated by moving Forward Through
the Network.
 Consider Maximum.
Backward pass:
 The Latest S t a rt and Latest Finish Time
Calculated by moving Backward Through
the Network.
 Consider Minimum
Float activity:
 Float activity For a n Activity is The Difference
between its Earliest and Latest S t a r t Time
or Earliest and Latest Finish Time .
Steps in Critical P a t h Method
 Step 1:Make a forward pass through the network as
follows: F or each a ct ivit y i begin n in g a t the St a r t
node, compute:
Earliest S t a r t Time (ES) = the maximum of the earliest finish
times
of all activities immediately preceding activity i. (This is 0 for a n
activity with no predecessors.). This is the earliest time a n activity
can begin without violation of immediate predecessor requirements.
Earliest Finish Time (Ef) = (Earliest S t ar t Time) + (Time to complete
activity i. This represent the earliest time a t which a n activity can
end.
The project completion time is the maximum of the

Earliest Finish Times a t the Finish node.
Continue..........
 Step 2: Make a backwards pass through the network as follows:
Move sequentially backwards from the Finish node to the S t a r t
node. At a given node, j, consider all activities ending a t node
j. For each of these activities, (i,j), compute:
Latest Finish Time (LF) = the minimum of the latest
s t a r t times beginning a t node j. (For node N, this is the
project
completion time.). This is the latest time a n activity can end
without delaying the entire project.
Latest S t a r t Time (LS) = (Latest Finish Time) - (Time to
complete activity (i,j)). This is th e latest time a n activity can
begin without delaying the entire project.
Continue..........
 Step 3: Calculate the float time for each
activity by:
float = (Latest Start) - (Earliest
Start), or
= (Latest Finish)-(EarliesFinish).
A critical pa t h is a pa t h of activities, from the

St a r t node to the Finish node, with 0 float times.
Example
1. Construct the CPM Network using the details below and
determine the critical path
Activity Immediate Completion

predecessors Time
(week)
A -
A 2
B A 3
C C 3
D 4
D B, 8
E
F 26
E Total … … 28
F
G
2
0 2 17 23
0 A(2) 2 B(3) 17 23 25
G(2)
1 5 F(6) 6 7 25
C(3)
E(8
)
5 3 D(4) 9
4
5 9
Activity Tme Earliest Earliest Lates Lates Slack Critical
Start Finish t t (LS- path
(ES) (EF) Start finish ES)
(LF)
(LS)
A 2 0 2 0 2 0 Yes
B 3 2 5 14 17 12 No
C 3 2 5 2 5 0 Yes
D 4 5 9 5 9 0 Yes
E 8 9 17 9 17 0 Yes
F 6 17 23 17 23 0 Yes
G 2 23 25 23 25 0 Yes
2
0 2 17 23
0 A(2) 2 B(3) 17 23 25
G(2)
1 5 F(6) 6 7 25
C(3)
E(8
)
3 D(4) 9
5 4
5 9
Critical
Path:-
Cp = 1 - 2 – 3 - 4 – 5 – 6 – 7
= A – C -D - E - F - G
=2+3+4+8+6+2
= 25
Benefits of
CPM at many stages of project
 Useful
management
 Mathematically simple
 Give critical path and float time
 Provide project documentation
 Useful in monitoring costs
 Visual representation
Limitations to
CPM
 Specified precedence relationship
 Activity time estimates are subjective
and depend on judgment

 Can be more difficult understand ten
grant charts
 The time needed for tasks is not as clear as
with grant charts

Terminologies U S e D I N CPM: Activity: An Activity Carries The Arrow Symbol - This Represent A Task

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

Terminologies U S e D I N CPM: Activity: An Activity Carries The Arrow Symbol - This Represent A Task

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Terminologies U S e D I N CPM: Activity: An Activity Carries The Arrow Symbol - This Represent A Task

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Te r m i n o l o g i e s u s e d i n CPM

In order to explain the purpose, structure and operation of CPM, it is helpful to

Activity: An activity carries the arrow symbol.This represent a task

 Path: A p at h is a series of adjacent activities leading from one

 Critical path: A critical p a th is the sequence of critical activities

The project completion time is the maximum of the

A critical pa t h is a pa t h of activities, from the

Activity Immediate Completion

 Give critical path and float time

 Provide project documentation

 Useful in monitoring costs

and depend on judgment

with grant charts

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.