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    Chapter - 19: Finite Element Analysis

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    Hour Sokaon
    The document discusses finite element analysis and its applications. It describes modeling techniques including mesh generation and applying loads and boundary conditions. It also provides examples of stress, thermal, buckling, and vibration analyses using finite element methods.

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    Chapter - 19: Finite Element Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Hour Sokaon
    273 views28 pages
    The document discusses finite element analysis and its applications. It describes modeling techniques including mesh generation and applying loads and boundary conditions. It also provides examples of stress, thermal, buckling, and vibration analyses using finite element methods.

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    Chapter_19: Finite Element Analysis

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    The document discusses finite element analysis and its applications. It describes modeling techniques including mesh generation and applying loads and boundary conditions. It also provides examples of stress, thermal, buckling, and vibration analyses using finite element methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    273 views28 pages

    Chapter - 19: Finite Element Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Hour Sokaon
    The document discusses finite element analysis and its applications. It describes modeling techniques including mesh generation and applying loads and boundary conditions. It also provides examples of stress, thermal, buckling, and vibration analyses using finite element methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 28

    Chapter 19

    Finite-Element Analysis

    The McGraw-Hill Companies © 2012


    Chapter Outline

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Model of a Connecting Rod

    Meshed model

    Stress contours

    Fig. 19–1 Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Errors in Finite Element Method
     Numerical technique that discretizes domain of continuous
    structure
     Two error categories
    ◦ Computational errors
    ◦ Discretization errors

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Structural Problem

    Idealized model Finite-element model

    Fig. 19–2

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Element Geometries
     Element categories
    ◦ Line elements
    ◦ Surface elements
    ◦ Solid elements
    ◦ Special-purpose elements

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Sample Finite-Element Library

    Table 19–1

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Sample Finite-Element Library

    Table 19–1

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Sample Finite-Element Library

    Table 19–1

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Sample Finite-Element Library

    Table 19–1

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Finite-Element Solution Process

    Fig. 19–3

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Finite-Element Solution Process
    Fig. 19–4

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Example 19–1

    Fig. 19–5 Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Example 19–1

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Example 19–1

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Example 19–1

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Example 19–1

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Mesh Generation
     Network of elements and nodes is called a mesh
     Mesh density increases as more elements are placed within a given
    region
     Mesh refinement is when the mesh is modified from one analysis
    to the next to yield improved results
     Results generally improve when mesh density is increased in areas
    of high stress gradients
     Mesh generation techniques
    ◦ Manual
    ◦ Semiautomatic
    ◦ Fully automated

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Automatic Meshing

    Fig. 19–6 Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Load Application
     Loads are applied at the nodes
     Element loads such as weight, thermal effects, surface pressure,
    etc. are automatically converted to equivalent nodal loads
     The results very near the nodal forces may be unrealistic

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Boundary Conditions
     Constraints at the nodes can be placed to model boundary
    conditions
     Typical boundary conditions include fixed, simply supported, and
    constrained in one direction.

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Modeling Techniques
     CAD packages and automatic mesh generators make model
    creation relatively painless
     Computing speeds are sufficient to allow for dense meshes
     The model only needs to be as detailed as needed
     For example, five beam elements can provide deflections and
    slopes at the nodes of the shaft shown.

    Fig. 19–7
    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
    Results from Five-Element Model

    Fig. 19–7

    Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Detailed Solid Model of Stepped Shaft

    Close-up of stress
    contours at shoulder

    Fig. 19–8 Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design


    Thermal Stresses

    Plate with end


    temperatures maintained
    at 0ºF and 100ºF

    Steady-state
    temperature contours

    Thermal stress contours


    where initial plate
    temperature was 0ºF
    Fig. 19–9 Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
    Critical Buckling Load

    FEM model of thin- Buckled can with deflections


    walled aluminum can greatly exaggerated
    under vertical load
    Fig. 19–10 Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
    Vibration Analysis

    First free vibration mode of stepped beam

    20-element beam model, f1 = 322 Hz

    56 384-element brick and tetrahedron model, f1 = 316 Hz


    Fig. 19–11 Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
    Vibration Analysis

    Second free vibration mode of stepped beam

    20-element beam model, f2 = 1296 Hz

    56 384-element brick and tetrahedron model, f2 = 1249 Hz


    Fig. 19–12 Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design

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