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    Modal Verbs

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    Yolanda Sagita
    Modal verbs are used to express ideas like possibility, necessity, permission and more. They have unique grammatical properties and include verbs like can, may, must, will, would, should and more. Modal verbs are followed by a base verb and don't change form based on tense or add 's' in third person sentences.

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    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Yolanda Sagita
    33 views42 pages
    Modal verbs are used to express ideas like possibility, necessity, permission and more. They have unique grammatical properties and include verbs like can, may, must, will, would, should and more. Modal verbs are followed by a base verb and don't change form based on tense or add 's' in third person sentences.

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    Modal Verbs (2)

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    Modal verbs are used to express ideas like possibility, necessity, permission and more. They have unique grammatical properties and include verbs like can, may, must, will, would, should and more. Modal verbs are followed by a base verb and don't change form based on tense or add 's' in third person sentences.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    33 views42 pages

    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Yolanda Sagita
    Modal verbs are used to express ideas like possibility, necessity, permission and more. They have unique grammatical properties and include verbs like can, may, must, will, would, should and more. Modal verbs are followed by a base verb and don't change form based on tense or add 's' in third person sentences.

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    Definition

    Definition A modal verb is an auxiliary verb that expresses necessity or possibility.


    An auxiliary verb, also called a helping verb, “helps” other verbs show
    moods and tenses. Auxiliary verbs include forms of do, be, and have.

    Modal verbs are different from other verbs in a few ways:


    • You don’t add an “s” to form the third-person present tense. You
    wouldn’t say ‘he cans’, ‘she cans’, etc.
    • They also don’t have infinitive forms. For example I’m canning, I’m
    woulding, etc. would not be correct.
    • Modal verbs are followed by a base verb (the plain, dictionary
    definition of a verb, like jump, help, sing, play, or read).
    • Modal verbs don’t change their form according to tense. No past nor
    future form.
    • Modal verbs do not take an auxiliary verb in negative sentences and
    questions. Ex: ‘Need not..’ ‘must not..’ ‘can you..’
    Negative

    Structure
    Interrogative
    Structure

    Affirmative S + M + V
    Ex: (S) She + (M) can + (V) run
    Negative

    Interrogative
    Structure

    Affirmative Ex: (S) She + (M) can + (V) run


    Negative

    Interrogative
    Structure

    Affirmative S + M + V
    Ex: (S) She + (M) can + (V) run

    Negative S + M(n’t) + V
    Ex: (S) She + (M) can’t + (V) run

    Interrogative
    Structure

    Affirmative S + M + V
    Ex: (S) She + (M) can + (V) run

    Negative Ex: (S) She + (M) can’t + (V) run

    Interrogative
    Structure

    Affirmative S + M + V
    Ex: (S) She + (M) can + (V) run

    Negative S + M(n’t) + V
    Ex: (S) She + (M) can’t + (V) run

    Interrogative M +
    (wh)+
    S + V?
    Ex: Why (M) Can/can’t + (S) She + (V) run?
    Structure

    Affirmative S + M + V
    Ex: (S) She + (M) can + (In) run

    Negative S + M(n’t) + V
    Ex: (S) She + (M) can’t + (In) run

    Interrogative Ex: Why (M) Can/can’t + (S) She + (V) run?


    Can Need
    May Could
    Must Might
    Shall Would
    Will Should
    Ought to Dare
    Modal verbs

    Used to express
     ability or
    opportunity,
     to request or offer
    permission,
     to show possibility
    or impossibility.
    Modal verbs

    Used to express • Ability: I can speak English


     ability or • Request: Can you please lend
    opportunity, me a pen?
     to request or offer • Permission/Offer: Can I
    leave now? (Seeking
    permission,
    Permission) / Can I help you?
     to show possibility (Offer)
    or impossibility. • Order/Prohibition: You can 
    leave now. (Order or giving
    Permission) / You can’t enter the
    room now. (Prohibition)
    • Possibility: Smoking can 
    Modal verbs

    Used to express
     possibility,
     give or seek
    permission
    in present or future.
    Modal verbs

    Used to express • Possibility : 


     possibility, The chairman may come to visit our
     give or seek office tomorrow.
    • Wish/Prayer :
    permission
    May God bless you!
    in present or future. • Purpose :
    She works hard so that she may pass.
    • Seek Permission :
    May I make a phone call?
    • Give Permission: 
    You may make a phone call.
    Modal verbs

    Used to express
     certainty,
     necessity,
     obligation,
     prohibition or
    strong
    recommendation.
    Modal verbs

    Used to express •  Necessity/Obligation : 


     certainty, You must follow the instructions.
     necessity, • Strong Possibility : 
     obligation, You haven’t eaten all day. You must
    be hungry.
     prohibition or
    • Determination : 
    strong I must help him.
    recommendation. • Deduction : 
    He owns a big house. He must be rich.
    • Certainty : 
    This must be the right address!
    Modal verbs

    Used to indicate
    future action or
    suggestion and is
    most commonly used
    in sentences with "I"
    or "we“.
    Modal verbs

    Used to indicate
    • Future Action (followed
    future action or
    by ‘be’) : I shall be there by 8:00.
    suggestion and is • Suggestion :
    most commonly used Shall we move into the living room?
    in sentences with "I" • Promising/Volunteering : 
    or "we“. I shall make the travel arrangements.
    • Predestination :
    Man shall explore the distant regions
    of the universe.
    Modal verbs

    Used to make
    predictions and with
    promises or
    voluntary actions
    that take place in the
    future.
    Modal verbs

    Used to make • Future Tense Auxiliary (followed


    by ‘be’): Tomorrow I will be in LA
    predictions and with • Invitation/Offers: Will you like
    promises or to join us for coffee?
    voluntary actions • Promise: I will call you every day.
    • Prediction: He thinks it will rain
    that take place in the tomorrow.
    future. • Belief (Will + have to): We will
    have to take the train as we are running
    15 minutes late.
    • Conditionals : I’ll give her a call if I
    can find her number.
    Modal verbs

    Used to express
    correct action and
    strong sense of moral
    duty, advice,
    recommendations,
    assumption or
    expectation
    Modal verbs

    Used to express • Moral Duty/Obligation : 


    correct action and You ought to serve your motherland.
    strong sense of moral • Advice/Recommendation : 
    duty, advice,
    You ought to stop smoking.
    recommendations,
    • Probability : 
    assumption or
    This gold ought to rise in value.
    expectation
    • Expectation/Deserve :
    Rahul ought to get the promotion.
    Modal verbs

    Used commonly in
    questions and
    negatives to
    express necessity.
    Modal verbs

    (?) Need he wait any longer?


    (+) Yes, he need must. (‘Must’ is used
    when the answer is affirmative) Used commonly in
    (-) He need not wait any longer. (‘Need
    not’ is used when the answer is negative)
    questions and
    • With Minimizing Adverbs (hardly, negatives to
    only, barely): He need only say what he express necessity.
    wants and it will be granted.
    • Need not + have: (when an action
    was not necessary but was performed in
    past): He need not have lost his temper.
    Modal verbs

    Used to express
    possibility or past
    ability as well as
    to make
    suggestions and
    requests.
    Modal verbs

    • Possibility (followed by ‘be’):
    This news could be true.
    • Request: Could you tell me the
    Used to express
    way to airport please? possibility or past
    • Permission: Could I use your ability as well as
    phone? to make
    • Past Ability (Could + have – suggestions and
    indicates the action did not take place requests.
    in the past): You could have have
    drowned in the sea. (But you didn’t
    drown)
    • Conditional of ‘Can’: If I had
    more time, I could travel around the
    world.
    Modal verbs

    Used to express
    possibility and is
    also often used in
    conditional
    sentences.
    Modal verbs

    • Possibility:  Used to express


    I might see you tomorrow. possibility and is
    • Remote or Slight Possibility: also often used in
    We might win a lottery but I doubt it. conditional
    • Conditional of ‘May’: sentences.
    If I entered the contest,
    I might actually win.
    • Suggestion: 
    You might try the cheesecake.
    Modal verbs

    Used to express
    habit, wish and
    create the past
    form of the modal
    verb "will” and
    conditional tense.
    Modal verbs

    • Polite Request: Would you
    please help me open the door?
    • Wish: I would like eat rice for Used to express
    dinner. habit, wish and
    • Past of ‘Will’: I knew that she  create the past
    would be very successful in her career. form of the modal
    • Habit: They would always have
    verb "will” and
    picnics at the beach.
    • Conditionals: (would have in conditional tense.
    past conditionals to talk about something
    that did not happen): He would have
    been very angry if he had seen you.
    Modal verbs

    Used to make
    recommendations,
    give advice, and
    express obligation as
    well as expectation.
    Modal verbs

    • Duty/Obligation: We should 
    return the books before the library closes.
    • Recommendation: People with Used to make
    high cholesterol should eat low-fat foods. recommendations,
    • Expectation: Sunil should be in
    give advice, and
    New Delhi by now. 
    • Past Obligation (Should + express obligation as
    have): You should have stood by your well as expectation.
    brother during his difficult times.
    • Deduction: Jerome has practiced
    all week. He should be ready for his match
    today.
    Modal verbs

    Used commonly in
    questions and
    negatives to
    express shock or
    outrage
    Modal verbs

    • Negative: He dare not do Used commonly in


    such a thing. questions and
    • Questions (usually used in
    questions without
    negatives to
    ‘not’): How dare you contradict me? express shock or
    • Perhaps/Possibility: I dare  outrage
    say he will agree to our proposal.
    Note: (When Dare is used as
    auxiliary verb, ‘-s’ is not taken in the
    third person singular.)
    He dares not abuse his rivals.
    Modal verbs
    uld might would should dare

    can may must shall wil

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