PRESENTATION TOPIC:

MUGHAL
ARCHITECTURE
In Lahore
MUGHAL ARCHITECTURE IN
LAHORE
 Introduction: 
 Mughal architecture is the type of Indo-Islamic architecture developed by the
Mughals in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries in the Indian subcontinent. It is
characterized by its symmetry, geometrical shapes, and detailed ornamentation.
Typical elements include the use of pointed arches, bulbous domes, magnificent
minarets with cupolas at the four corners, large halls, and enormous gateways. 
 Lahore is the city of Mughal heritage in the true sense of the word. Grand
buildings with a delicate touch of landscaping express the story of a splendid era
of building construction. Some chapters of this monumental architecture have
been torn or distorted by subsequent rulers and others are fading away due to the
aggressiveness of the environment but still stand as a witness of Mughal
grandeur.
Grave of Emperor Jahangir II (3 November 1605 – 28 October 1627)
  EARLY MUGHAL ARCHITECTURE 

 Lahore touched the zenith of its glory during the Mughal rule. The Mughals, who
were famous as builders, gave Lahore some of its finest architectural monuments,
many of which are extant today. 

 From 1524 to 1752, Lahore was part of the Mughal Empire. Lahore grew under
emperor Babur; from 1584 to 1598, under the emperors Akbar the Great and Jahangir,
the city served as the empire's capital. Lahore reached the peak of its architectural
glory during the rule of the Mughals. During this time, the massive Lahore Fort was
built. 
 Jahangir's son, Shahjahan Burki, was born in Lahore. He was like his father, extended
the Lahore Fort and built many other structures in the city, including the Shalimar
Gardens. The last of the great Mughals, Aurangzeb, who ruled from 1658 to 1707,
built the city's most famous monuments, the BadShahi Masjid and the Alamgiri Gate
next to the Lahore Fort.
The Alamgiri Gate is the main entrance to the Lahore Fort built during the reign of Aurangzeb. 
  SHAH JAHAN (1628–58) REIGN: THE
‘GOLDEN AGE OF MUGHAL
ARCHITECTURE 
             
 Shah Jahan’s period is usually called the ‘Golden Age of Mughal Architecture’ and he is given the titles of
‘Prince among the Builders’ and ‘Engineer King’. His most important and impressive buildings are the Taj
Mahal, Jama Masjid, Shalamar Gardens and Jahangir Tomb Lahore. Shah Jahan mostly made use of
marble in place of red stone. 
 The Shalamar Gardens World Heritage Site was built in the form of a rectangle aligned along a north–
south axis. The square shaped terraces were both divided into four equivalent smaller squares by long
fountains flanked by brick khayaban walkways designed to be elevated in order to provide better views of
the garden. 
 Shah Jahan also renovated buildings such as the Moti Masjid, Sheesh Mahal and Naulakha pavilion,
which are all enclosed in the Lahore Fort. He also built a mosque in Lahore called Wazir Khan Mosque. 
 Nearby Shahi Hammam was constructed. Shah Jahan also built the mausoleum 10 years after his father’s
death. The tomb has state of the art architecture and is the finest ornament of historical Lahore. Red sand
stone and marble is extensively used with its facade adorned in fine-looking marble motifs and floral
patterns. The interior is embellished with floral frescos. The ninety nine attributes of Allah are also engraved
here. 
RECENTLY RESTORED ROOF OF SHAHI HAMAM
Masjid Wazir Khan Lahore 
  Jahangir Tomb built by ShahJahan (1637,)                               
   Shalamar Gardens Lahore
The central chamber of the Shahi Hammam is decorated with frescoes. 
Other Mughals Monuments:
Badshahi Mosque, in Lahore, Pakistan was the largest mosque in the world for 313 years, and is the last of the imperial
mosques built by the Mughals .                      
  Begum Shahi Mosque is Lahore's earliest dated Mughal period mosque
The Tomb of Jahangir at Lahore does not have a  dome as Jahangir forbade construction of a dome over his tomb.
 The Shalimar Gardens, Lahore are among the most famous Mughal gardens. 
 Features:                                         
        
Mughal architecture incorporates Hindu elements with Persian and
Islamic elements. Some features common to many buildings are: Large
bulbous onion domes, sometimes surrounded by four smaller domes. 
 HINDU ELEMENT :
Kailash Temple, Example of Indian rock-cut architecture.
                         
• PERSIAN ELEMEN
                         
T 
                                            
 Azadi Tower, by architect Hossein Amanat. His ideas were based upon classical and post-classical Iranian architecture
 MUSLIM ELEMENT:
Arches of the Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba (Spain)
 Features
●      Use of white marble and red sandstone. 

Detail of white marble pillar inlaid with semi previous stones in a Mughal Palace inside the Red Fort, Agra, India
• Use of delicate ornamentation work, including pachin
kari decorative work and jali-latticed screens.

Parchin Kari ,TAJ MAHAL  Jali-Lattcide Screen  AKBAR TOMB ,AGRA.

●      Monumental buildings surrounded by gardens on all
four sides. ​
• Mosques with large courtyards.

Jami Masjid Courtyard In Mandi – Tea Abroad

• Persian and Arabic calligraphic inscriptions, including verses from
the Quran.

Arabic calligraphy Persian calligraphy

• Large gateways leading up to the main building.

Badshahi Masjid
 • Iwans on two or four sides.

The Taj Mahal uses iwans for both entrances and decorative features.

• Use of decorative chhatris.

Memorial chhatri of Jat Rana Udaybhanu Singh

Maharaj at Dholpur, Rajasthan, India.
 • Use of jalis and jharokhas.

A jharokha in Maheshwar Fort, Madhya Pradesh Jali, Akbar tomb 

●      Mughal architecture has also influenced later Indian architectural styles, including the Indo-Saracenic style of the British
Raj, the Rajput style and the Sikh style.

Madras High Court buildings are a prime example of Indo-Saracenic architecture, designed by J. W.

Brassington under the guidance of British architect Henry Irwin, 1892.
 Rajput Style

Screen of the Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra mosque in Ajmer, by 1199

 Sikh Style 

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• Samadhi of Ranjit Singh in Lahore, Pakistan.

Thank You!