VOLLEYBALL

BRIEF HISTORY, RULES AND REGULATIONS, EQUIP-

MENTS, TERMINOLOGIES, OFFICIALS
 BRIEF HISTORY
The Invention of Volleyball
It was invented on 1895 in the town of
Holyoke, Massachusetts by William G. Morgan
after the invention of basketball only four years
before.
It was originally called “mintonette.”
It is deigned to be a combination of basketball,
baseball, tennis, and handball.
The first volleyball net, borrowed from
tennis, was only 6'6” high.
In 1896, Professor Alfred T. Halsted,
after witnessing how the players
seemed to be volleying the ball back
and forth over the net, changed the
sport’s name to volleyball, and the first
game of volleyball was played at
Springfield College on July 7, 1896.
The Ball For Volleyball
In 1900, Morgan went to A.G Spalding
and Brothers to ask them to design a
ball. They started with a latex bladder
made from a material similar to that of
a bicycle tire, then, they added a sec-
ond layer made of cloth and covered
the whole thing with a third and final
layer made of leather. With that, the
first ever volleyball was created.
The spread and evolution of Volleyball
 The United States Volleyball Associa-
tion (USVBA) was formed in 1928 and
helped to standardize the rules of the
sport in order to make the game com-
petitive enough for tournament play.
In 1947, the FIVB (Federation Interna-
tionale De Volley-Ball) was founded.
In 1949, the first World Championships
were played in Prague, Czechoslova-
kia.
Then in 1957, the International Olympic
Committee made volleyball an Olympic
sport, signifying the worldwide growth
of the sport.
 RULES & REGULATIONS
 A team is compose of 6(six) players - 3(three) in the
front row and 3(three) in the back row.
 Each time a team gains the serve they must rotate
in a clockwise manner. This way each player plays
each spot.
 Maximum of 3 hits per side.
 Player may not hit the ball twice in succession. (A
block is not considered a hit.)
 A ball hitting a boundary line is in.
 A ball is out if it hits the floor completely
outside the court, the referee stand or pole,
the ceiling above a non-playable area.
 It is legal to contact the ball with any part of
a player's body.
 It is illegal to catch, hold, or throw the ball.
 After a serve, front line players may switch
positions at the net.
Matches are made up of sets; the number
depends on level of play.
a. 3-set matches are 2 sets to 25 points
and a thirs set to 15. Each set must be won
by two points. The winner is the first team to
win 2 sets.
b. 5-set matches are 4 sets to 25 points
and fifth set to 15. The team must win by 2
unless tournament rules dictate otherwise.
The winner is the first team to win three
sets.
EQUIPMENTS
The Ball
- The type of ball required depends on the
type and level of volleyball you play. Volleyball
is a spherical ball of 65-67 cm circumference. It
is made out of leather or any synthetic materi-
als.
 Net & Poles
- is one meter long and 9.5 to 10 meter
wide.The height of the net varies based on
the age of the players and the surface be-
ing played on. The center of the net
should lie 2.43 meter above the ground for
men and 2.24 meter for women.
 Knee Pads
- Knee pads come in two traditional
styles. Small, flatter knee pads are worn by
beginning players and sometimes by the set-
ter, they do not dig, or dive. Defensive play-
ers, who dive frequently, often prefer the
“bubble” style of knee pad that is often mde
of shock absorbing memory foam to prevent
injury.
 Jersey
- with the exception of the libero,
teammates must wear uniforms of the
same color, style, cut, and trim.
Shoes & Socks
 TERMINOLOGIES
 Ace - a serve that is not passable and results immediately in a point.
 Assist - Passing or setting the ball to a teammate who attacks the ball
for a kill.
 Attack - offensive action of hitting the ball. An attempt to terminate play.
 Attack block - receiving a players' aggressive attempt to block a spiked
ball
 Attacker - also “hitter” or “spiker.”
 Attack Line - A line 3m from the net that seperates the front row and
back row. commonly referred to as the “10-foot line.”
 Block - This move/contact is made by a player at the net to
prevent the ball from coming over when an opposing player
is sending the ball over the net. This contact does not
count as one of the three contacts a team is allowed to
make.
 Base Defense - The defensive spot on the floor that a
player stands at and then possibly moves from depending
on who is set on the opposing team is called “base de-
fense”.
 Cover - The attack is blocked back onto the attacker’s side
but a member of the same team digs the ball and the rally
continues.
 Center Line - The line that runs the width of the court under
the net is called the “center line”. This line is also 30 ft long
 Crosscourt/Angle - When the ball travels from one
sideline to the other from one team to the opposing
team it is said to be hit “crosscourt/angle”.
 Dig - The first contact made after an attacker from the
other team sends the ball over to the defensive team is
said to be a “dig”.
 Dive/Sprawl - When a player lands on the floor with
their body in an attempt to save the ball with their arm
or arms before it hits the floor it is called a “sprawl” or
“dive”. This is considered an emergency move
 Down Ball - When a player who is standing on the floor
and swinging with an open hand to hit the ball over the
net, it is usually called a “down ball”.
 Deep - When the ball is sent over the net behind a
player, it is said to be “deep”.
 End Line - The two lines that run the width of the court
are called “end lines”.
 Free Ball - When a team sends the ball over the net to
their opponents with their forearms they are said to be
giving a “free ball”.
 Float Serve - A serve in which the ball does not spin is
considered a “float serve”.
 Game/Set - Depending on the league or tournament, a
“game” or “set” is to a predetermined amount of points.
 Joust - When players from opposing teams play the ball
simultaneously, it is called a “joust”.
 Jump Serve - A serve in which the server approaches
and jumps to hit the ball while in the air to send the ball
over the net with spin with the top of the ball rotating
down towards the floor from the passers perspective.
 Line - When the ball travels down the same sideline
from one team to the other it is said to be hit down the
“line”.
 Let Serve - When the serve hits the net and continues
over to the receiving team, it is a live ball and called a
“let serve”.
 Match - A match is a predetermined number of games,
often best or 3 or 5 games.
 Pass - The first contact after a serve is considered a
“pass”.
 Platform - Refers to the forearms when they are put to-
gether by holding both hands together to create one
larger surface for the ball to bounce off of.
 Pancake - When a player lands on the floor with their
body in an attempt to save the ball with one open hand
on the floor to allow the ball to bounce off of it is called a
“pancake”.
 Rotation Home - As a team rotates so that each player
serves once in the same order as the original line-up,
the player’s “rotation home” changes. Each player will
sequentially play in all 6 “rotational home” positions.
 Roll Shot - When a player slows down the speed of their
arm swing while attacking to send the ball shorter in the
court and in front of the defenders, it is called a “roll
shot”.
 Serve Receive - When a team is being served at, they
are said to be on “serve receive”.
 Substitution - When one player is replaced by another
during a game.
 Sideline - The two lines that run the length of the court.
 Side-out - When a team is on serve receive and wins the
rally, it is called a “side-out”
 Stuff Block - When a defensive team stops the ball from
crossing the net as an opposing player tries to send it
over.
 Tip - When a player uses one open hand to send
the ball over the net.
 Tight - When the ball is sent close to the net (ap-
proximately 0-2 feet) it is said to be “tight”.
 Time-Out - A coach, player or referee can call a
stoppage in play for a variety of reasons. The stop-
page is referred to as a “time-out”.
 Under-Hand Serve - A serve that is sent over by
keeping the serving arm down and hitting the sta-
tionary ball in the opposite hand with a fist.
OFFICIALS
 First Referee - is in charge from the beginning of the match until
the end. The first referee has authority over all other members of
the officiating crew.
 Seconf Referee - should establish a rapport with thescorekeeper
and libero tracker. If the scorer and libero tracker have a problem
or don't understand something, they should be comfortable
enough to ask the second referee for help.
 Scorekeeper - make sure the score is correct at all times. The
scorekeeper uses a score sheet to keep track of the game.
 Assistant Scorer - (or libero tracker) sits at the
scorer's table next to the scorekeeper. The as-
sistant scorer's main function is to record libero
replacements on to a libero tracking sheet
 Line judges - either there are two or four line
judges. Line judge's main responsibility is to
make signals to help out the referees in making
judgment calls.Line judges may be instructed to
use flags to make the signals.