Journal Club Presentation 3

Journal Club Presentation
TOXICITY OF BIOCERAMIC AND RESINOUS

ENDODONTIC SEALERS USING AN
ALTERNATIVE ANIMAL MODEL: ARTEMIA
SALINA
Presented by:
Dr. Anjali Surana
(PG 1st Year)
1
Introduction:
Obturation is the final operative step of root canal treatment and the endodontic
sealer plays the important function of filling in areas of difficult access in the root
canal system.
 Several sealers are currently available on the market and novel materials are
constantly being developed in an attempt to provide the ideal physicochemical and
biological properties in a single product.
AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey Gmbh, Konstanz, Germany) is an epoxy resin-based root
canal sealer widely used in clinical practice and employed as the “gold standard” in
scientific studies due to its excellent physicochemical properties.However, there is a
constant search for more biocompatible sealers, and calcium silicate-based
bioceramic materials have received considerable attention from the endodontic
community in the last decade.
2
•As endodontic materials come into direct contact with dental tissues, their chemical
composition could affect the inflammatory response and compromise systemic health.
•Therefore, biocompatibility is one of the most important requirements for root canal
sealers.
•Lethality assays involving brine shrimp (Artemia salina) larvae – a miniscule halophilic
marine crustacean – have been used in scientific studies as a method for estimating the
toxicity of drugs and nanomaterial.
•This lethality test is economical, simple, fast, reliable, and comprehensive, Current
research suggests that applications of A. salina will continue to be used in the most diverse
fields, including dentistry
3
Aim:
The aim of the present study was to assess the toxicity of a novel
calcium silicate-based root canal sealer (Bio-C Sealer) in
comparison to Endosequence BC Sealer and AH Plus through a
brine shrimp lethality assay.
4
Materials and Method:
•Brine shrimp cysts were incubated for 24 h for the hatching of the larvae
•Test organisms were exposed to the root canal sealers (Bio-C Sealer, Endosequence BC
Sealer, and AH Plus) for 24 h using test tubes (containing 10 mL) with 10 larvae in each
tube and seven different concentrations of the test materials in quadruplicate sets.
5
•As the root canal sealers had a hydrophobic characteristic, 0.3 g of
polysorbate 80 was added during the preparation of the materials
•The toxicity of each root canal sealer was tested at the following
concentrations: 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 100 μg/mL
•In the first assay, the toxicity of each root canal sealer was tested at the
following concentrations: 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 100 μg/mL.
•A control experiment was also performed to ensure that the mortality of the
test organisms was due to the toxicity of the root canal sealers and not
polysorbate 80.
•.
6
•After exposure, the survival rates (%) of the larvae were calculated, with
counts based on normal locomotion, such as visible movement.
•The lethal concentration of each endodontic sealer necessary to kill 50% of
the brine shrimp larvae (LC50) was also determined.
•The ratio between survival/lethality and toxicity and the ratio between
LC50 and toxicity are inversely proportional – meaning that lower larvae
survival or a lower LC50 indicates greater toxicity.
7
Results:
•The toxicity of Bio-C (10, 20, 40, 80, and 100 μg/mL) and Endosequence BC
Sealer (20, 80, and 100 μg/mL) was lower compared to that of AH Plus (P
< 0.05).
• No significant difference was found between Bio-C and Endosequence BC
Sealer or among the different intragroup concentrations of the Bio-C and
Endosequence BC sealers (P > 0.05). In the AH Plus group, concentrations
≥5.0 μg/mL exhibited greater toxicity compared to the concentration of 2.5
μg/mL and the control (P < 0.05).
•Moreover, a higher concentration of AH Plus was associated with greater
toxicity and AH Plus had the lowest LC50 (59.95 μg/mL) (greatest toxicity),
whereas Bio-C and Endosequence BC Sealer were less toxic (LC50 >200
μg/mL).
8
Conclusion:
•Although diverse root canal sealers are available, there is a constant search
for the ideal material that meets all the requirements of biocompatibility,
bioactivity, antimicrobial activity, and adequate physicochemical properties.
•The present study evaluated the biological activity of a novel root canal
sealer (Bio-C Sealer) in comparison to Endosequence BC Sealer and AH Plus
using the toxicity test with brine shrimp (A. salina)

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Journal Club Presentation

TOXICITY OF BIOCERAMIC AND RESINOUS

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