B1 Grammar U10

EMPOWER B1
UNIT 10 “VALUES”
Grammar
Instituto de Idiomas
CONTENTS
•
• Lesson A: Learn to talk about moral dilemmas.
• Lesson B: Learn to describe problems with goods and

services.
Lesson A: Second Conditional
We use the second conditional when we imagine a situation in the present or future. The
situation is unreal, unlikely, or impossible.
We describe the unreal situation in the if Use the past simple (and/or past continuous)
clause. We talk about the result of that in the if clause. We can use would + infinitive
situation in the main clause. or could + infinitive to talk about the result.
• (unlikely future situation) if I stole from

work, (result) I’d feel bad. If it was raining and I saw a hitchhiker, I’d stop.
• (result) I’d take a holiday from work I could go on more holidays if I had more money.
(could = it would be possible)
(imposible present situation) if I had
more money.
Examples:
Statements
If she crashed my car, I’d be very angry.
He wouldn’t stop to help if he saw an accident.
If you didn’t have a job, you couldn’t pay the rent.
Hollywood wouldn’t stop making films if people didn’t go to the cinema.
I’d give more money to charity if I were rich.
Questions and short answers

What would you do if you lost your job?
If you didn’t know the answers, would you cheat?
Yes, I would. / No, I wouldn’t.
Would you buy your child a motorbike?
Yes, I would. / No, I wouldn’t.
TIP
When we talk about impossible present situations
with be, we usually use if I were, not if I was:
If I were taller, I’d be better at basketball.
We can also use the second conditional to give advice,

with the phrase if I were you (NOT if I was you):
If I were you, I wouldn’t park there. (I’m imagining the
situation where I’m you).
EXERCISE 1:
Complete the second conditional sentences. Use the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.
If we ________(have) a yacht, we _________(sail) the seven seas.

If he __________(have) more time, he _________(learn) karate.
If they _________(tell) their father, he ________(be) very angry.
She _______(spend) a year in the USA if it _________(be) easier to get a green card.
If I ________(live) on a lonely island, I ________(run) around naked all day.
We _________(help) you if we _________ (know) how.
My brother ________(buy) a sports car if he _______(have) the money.
If I ________(feel) better, I __________(go) to the cinema with you.
If you ________(go) by bike more often, you _______ (be / not) so flabby.
She ________ (talk) to you if she _______(not / be) mad at you.
EXERCISE 1: Answer Key
Complete the second conditional sentences. Use the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.
If we had (have) a yacht, we would sail (sail) the seven seas.

If he had (have) more time, he would learn (learn) karate.
If they told (tell) their father, he would be (be) very angry.
She would spend (spend) a year in the USA if it were (be) easier to get a green card.
If I lived (live) on a lonely island, I would run (run) around naked all day.
We would help (help) you if we knew (know) how.
My brother would buy (buy) a sports car if he had (have) the money.
If I felt (feel) better, I would go (go) to the cinema with you.
If you went (go) by bike more often, you wouldn’t be (be / not) so flabby.
She would talk (talk) to you if she weren’t (not / be) mad at you.
EXERCISE 2:
Complete the following sentences with the words in parentheses. .
1. What would you do if you suddenly _____ (win) half a million pounds?
2. If he __________(get up) up earlier, he'd get to work on time.
3. If we __________(have) more time, I could tell you more about it.
4. If you ________(sell) more products, you'd earn more money.
5. I could help you if you __________(trust) me more.
6. His car would be a lot safer if he ______(buy) some new tires.
7. The children could be better swimmers if they _____(go) swimming more frequently.
8. I wouldn't mind having children if we ________(live) in the country.
9. If I ________(be) you, I wouldn't worry about going to university.
10. If I __________(have) some money, I'd give you some.
Complete the following sentences with the words in parentheses. .
1. What would you do if you suddenly won (win) half a million pounds?
2. If he got (get up) up earlier, he'd get to work on time.
3. If we had (have) more time, I could tell you more about it.
4. If you sold (sell) more products, you'd earn more money.
5. I could help you if you trusted (trust) me more.
6. His car would be a lot safer if he bought (buy) some new tires.
7. The children could be better swimmers if they went (go) swimming more frequently.
8. I wouldn't mind having children if we lived (live) in the country.
9. If I were (be) you, I wouldn't worry about going to university.
10. If I had (have) some money, I'd give you some.
Lesson B: Quantifiers; too / not enough
We use quantifiers before countable and uncountable nouns to

describe the amount of something.
Countable nouns are Uncountable nouns are

things we can count: things that we don’t
one book, five books. usually count.
QUANTIFIERS
TIP
Be careful with the nouns money, fruit and furniture. They’re

all uncountable in English. we can say five euros, ten apples
and six chairs, but NOT five moneys, ten fruits and six
furnitures.
Too / Not enough
We use too to say something is more than the right amount:

There are too many people. There’s too much noise.
We use not enough to say something is less than the right

amount:
There isn’t enough food for everyone.
Too / Not enough
Very
We use very before adjectives and adverbs. There is an important difference between
very and too:
It’s too small. / He’s driving too slowly. (= I’m complaining about problems)
It’s very small. / He’s driving very slowly. (= I’m describing situations, not complaining)
We use very much with verbs:

I like it very much. NOT I very like it.
Examples:
1. The service is not good enough.

2. 31% are too embarrassed to complain.
3. There aren’t enough shop assistants.
4. The queue isn’t moving quickly enough.
5. There are too many people in the pool.
6. There’s too much salt on my food.
EXERCISE 1:
Complete these two short conversations with the appropriate quantifier.
1
A: We are going to be late. There is _______(too much / too many) traffic.
B: Yeah, the number of people driving is incredible. I've never seen this. There are
__________(too much / too many) cars.
2
A: Can you bring soda to the picnic? I don't have ________(some / any).
B: Yeah, I think I've got _________(some / any) left over from the party.
Complete these two short conversations with the appropriate quantifier.
1
A: We are going to be late. There is TOO MUCH (too much / too many) traffic.
B: Yeah, the number of people driving is incredible. I've never seen this. There are
TOO MANY (too much / too many) cars.
2
A: Can you bring soda to the picnic? I don't have ANY (some / any).
B: Yeah, I think I've got SOME (some / any) left over from the party.
EXERCISE 2:
Complete the following sentences with the correct quantifier from the box.
a lot of much too much very How much a few too any no How many
enough
1.There isn’t ________ milk left in the fridge.

2. I have only ________ good friends.
3. This hotel is ________ noisy. It is not quiet ________ to sleep.
4. Are there ________ restaurants around here?
5. There are ________ students in the laboratory. All of them are in the playground.
6. ________ children are there in your family?
7. There are ________ windows in my house. It is very bright.
8. Robert is not a shy boy. He talks ________.
9. ________ time do we have to finish this project?
10. Your dress is beautiful! I like it ________ much.
Complete the following sentences with the correct quantifier from the box.
a lot of much too much very How much a few too any no How many
enough
1.There isn’t MUCH milk left in the fridge.

2. I have only A FEW good friends.
3. This hotel is TOO noisy. It is not quiet ENOUGH to sleep.
4. Are there ANY restaurants around here?
5. There are NO students in the laboratory. All of them are in the playground.
6. HOW MANY children are there in your family?
7. There are A LOT OF windows in my house. It is very bright.
8. Robert is not a shy boy. He talks TOO MUCH.
9. HOW MUCH time do we have to finish this project?
10. Your dress is beautiful! I like it VERY much.
REFERENCES
• Cambridge English Empower B1
• Empower B1 Student’s book.
• https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/second-conditional.html
• https://agendaweb.org/grammar/quantifiers-quantity-exercises.html

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EMPOWER B1

• Lesson A: Learn to talk about moral dilemmas.

• Lesson B: Learn to describe problems with goods and

• (unlikely future situation) if I stole from

Questions and short answers

We can also use the second conditional to give advice,

If we ________(have) a yacht, we _________(sail) the seven seas.

If we had (have) a yacht, we would sail (sail) the seven seas.

We use quantifiers before countable and uncountable nouns to

Countable nouns are Uncountable nouns are

Be careful with the nouns money, fruit and furniture. They’re

Too / Not enough

We use too to say something is more than the right amount:

We use not enough to say something is less than the right

Too / Not enough

We use very much with verbs:

1. The service is not good enough.

1.There isn’t ________ milk left in the fridge.

1.There isn’t MUCH milk left in the fridge.

• Cambridge English Empower B1

• Empower B1 Student’s book.

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If we (have) a yacht, we _(sail) the seven seas.