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    Unit 3 Gastrointestinal System

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    dhanashri
    The gastrointestinal system is responsible for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and expelling waste. Peptic ulcers develop in the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum due to erosion from stomach acid. Common causes of peptic ulcers include Helicobacter pylori bacteria, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, smoking, alcohol, stress, and spicy foods. Symptoms include burning stomach pain, bloating, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Treatment involves regulating diet, exercise, antibiotics to treat H. pylori, medications to reduce acid production or promote healing, antacids, and sometimes surgery.

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    Unit 3 Gastrointestinal System

    Uploaded by

    dhanashri
    22 views12 pages
    The gastrointestinal system is responsible for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and expelling waste. Peptic ulcers develop in the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum due to erosion from stomach acid. Common causes of peptic ulcers include Helicobacter pylori bacteria, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, smoking, alcohol, stress, and spicy foods. Symptoms include burning stomach pain, bloating, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Treatment involves regulating diet, exercise, antibiotics to treat H. pylori, medications to reduce acid production or promote healing, antacids, and sometimes surgery.

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    Unit 3 gastrointestinal system

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    The gastrointestinal system is responsible for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and expelling waste. Peptic ulcers develop in the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum due to erosion from stomach acid. Common causes of peptic ulcers include Helicobacter pylori bacteria, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, smoking, alcohol, stress, and spicy foods. Symptoms include burning stomach pain, bloating, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Treatment involves regulating diet, exercise, antibiotics to treat H. pylori, medications to reduce acid production or promote healing, antacids, and sometimes surgery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    22 views12 pages

    Unit 3 Gastrointestinal System

    Uploaded by

    dhanashri
    The gastrointestinal system is responsible for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and expelling waste. Peptic ulcers develop in the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum due to erosion from stomach acid. Common causes of peptic ulcers include Helicobacter pylori bacteria, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, smoking, alcohol, stress, and spicy foods. Symptoms include burning stomach pain, bloating, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Treatment involves regulating diet, exercise, antibiotics to treat H. pylori, medications to reduce acid production or promote healing, antacids, and sometimes surgery.

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    GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM

    Responsible for consuming and digesting food, absorb


    nutrients, expelling waste
    DEFINITION

    • Peptic ulcer are open sores that develop in the


    inside lining of esophagus, stomach, and upper
    portion of small intestine as a result from erosion
    from stomach acid
    Peptic ulcer occur in
    • stomach
    • First part of duodenum
    • Lower end of esophagus
    ETIOLOGY

    •A bacterium. Helicobacter pylori bacteria commonly live in the mucous


    Regular use of certain pain relievers. Taking aspirin, as well as certain
    over-the-counter and prescription pain medications called nonsteroidal anti-
    inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can irritate or inflame the lining of your
    stomach and small intestine
    •Smoke. 
    •Drink alcohol. .
    •Have untreated stress.
    •Eat spicy foods.
    TYPES

    • Acute peptic ulcers:


    • Chronic ulcers: 1. duodenal ulcer
    2. gastric ulcer
    Pathogenesis Helicobacter pylori is a gram- negative rod,
    curved in shape and motile 
    SYMPTOMS •Burning stomach pain
    •Feeling of fullness, bloating or belching
    •Fatty food intolerance
    •Heartburn
    •Nausea
    •Vomiting or vomiting blood — which may appear
    red or black
    •Dark blood in stools, or stools that are black or
    tarry
    •Trouble breathing
    •Feeling faint
    •Nausea or vomiting
    •Unexplained weight loss
    •Appetite changes
    DIAGNOSIS

    • Physical examination: patient history


    • Blood, urea , stomach tissue test
    • Radiology
    • Endoscopy: inserting a small tube through throat and
    see stomach abnormality
    TREATMENT

    NON- PHARMACOLOGICAL:
    1. Regulation of salt, diet control
    2. Exercise, weight reduction , limited alcohol intake

    PHARMACOLOGICAL :

    3. Antibiotic to kill H. Pyroli: metronidazole


    4. Medications that block acid production and promote healing:
    eg omeprazole, rabeprazole
    3. Medications reduce the acid production: ranitidine
    4. Antacid that neutralize stomach acid
    Eg mg hydroxide
    surgery

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