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Random Chemical Interesterification Process

The document describes the random and directed chemical interesterification processes. The random process involves pre-treating the oil by heating and drying it, reacting it with a catalyst at an elevated temperature for 30-60 minutes until brown in color, and deactivating the catalyst. The directed process selectively removes triglyceride products from the reaction mixture to disturb the equilibrium and drive the reaction to produce more triglycerides. It uses a low-temperature catalyst and a continuous process to carefully control the crystallization and separation of triglycerides.

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Gurnoor Kaur
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65 views

Random Chemical Interesterification Process

The document describes the random and directed chemical interesterification processes. The random process involves pre-treating the oil by heating and drying it, reacting it with a catalyst at an elevated temperature for 30-60 minutes until brown in color, and deactivating the catalyst. The directed process selectively removes triglyceride products from the reaction mixture to disturb the equilibrium and drive the reaction to produce more triglycerides. It uses a low-temperature catalyst and a continuous process to carefully control the crystallization and separation of triglycerides.

Uploaded by

Gurnoor Kaur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RANDOM

CHEMICAL
INTERESTERIFICATI
ON PROCESS
Can be batch or continuous process.
Includes 3 major steps :
Pre-treatment of oil
Reaction with catalyst
Deactivation of catalyst
Pre-treatment of oil
■ Heat the fat to 250 to (120 to 1500C) under vacuum
conditions to dry the oil.
■ Drying is critical since moisture deactivates the catalyst.
■ Additional catalyst usage results in higher product losses.
■ A rule of thumb is that each 0.1% of sodium methylate
(%catalyst)results in 1.1% neutral oil loss.
Reaction with catalyst
■ After drying, the fat is cooled to a reaction temperature that ranges from 160 to 210 0 F
(70 to 1000C)
■ Catalyst is sucked in the chamber by a vacuum.
■ Amount of catalyst required depends on amount of FFA and a slight excess to catalyze
random arrangement.
■ The required amount can be calculated by a simple formula 0.19*FFA+0.06, giving us
in % the amount of catalyst required.
■ Mixture is agitated to form a white slurry , and the process is continued for 30-60 mins
till we get a dark brown color, indicating randomization.
■ At this point the sample is sent for lab testing to get the final approval.
Deactivation of catalyst
■ After lab test confirming the results catalyst is neutralized .
■ Neutralizing involves treatment with phosphoric acid or carbon dioxide before
treatment with water.
■ Catalyst combines with water to give NaOH and CH3OH.
■ These in turn reacts with neutral oil to form soaps and esters.
■ The treatment helps in minimizing product losses.
■ For continuous process only equipment changes , principle remains same.
DIRECTED
CHEMICAL
INTERESTERIFICATI
ON PROCESS
In directed rearrangernent processes, one or more of the triglyceride products
of the interesterification reaction is selectively removed from. the
reaction
Introduction
■ TGs are separated from the rection mixture when it is cooled below its melting point.
■ This disturbs the equilibrium, producing more TGs.
■ Theoretically this can continue till all fats are converted and speratwd as TGs.
■ Since here we are directing the reaction to produce one product it is named so.
■ Here we only use catalyst which are active at low temp.
■ Usually Na and K alloy is instead of Na or Na methylate.
■ Usually continuous process are used as batch process gets difficult to control.
The Process
■ Dry the oil to 0.01%
■ Cool it just above the melting point with heat exchanger.
■ Carefully a stream of NaK catalyst is added and mixed thoroughly,
■ The homogeneous mix is quick chilled to pre-determined point to initiate crystallization.
■ Then it is transferred to an agitated vessel and carefully agitated. Here TG formation
begins.
■ The reaction releases a lot of heat and may rise the temp beyond a desirable point, so a
second HE is required.
■ The it is transferred to another agitator, here TG formation slows down.
■ After the desired point is reacted the catalyst is killed by adding water.
■ Then the TGs are melted for centrifugation followed vacuum drying.

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