This document provides an introduction to mechanical vibrations. It defines key vibration concepts like frequency, amplitude, and phase. The goals of vibration engineering are to suppress unwanted vibration and generate desired vibration. The course will examine vibration response using different modeling approaches, including single and multiple degree of freedom systems. Examples of good and bad vibration in engineering are provided. The introduction outlines mathematical modeling of vibration parameters and different vibration types like free, forced, discrete, continuous, damped, and undamped systems. It also distinguishes between linear and nonlinear vibration systems.
This document provides an introduction to mechanical vibrations. It defines key vibration concepts like frequency, amplitude, and phase. The goals of vibration engineering are to suppress unwanted vibration and generate desired vibration. The course will examine vibration response using different modeling approaches, including single and multiple degree of freedom systems. Examples of good and bad vibration in engineering are provided. The introduction outlines mathematical modeling of vibration parameters and different vibration types like free, forced, discrete, continuous, damped, and undamped systems. It also distinguishes between linear and nonlinear vibration systems.
This document provides an introduction to mechanical vibrations. It defines key vibration concepts like frequency, amplitude, and phase. The goals of vibration engineering are to suppress unwanted vibration and generate desired vibration. The course will examine vibration response using different modeling approaches, including single and multiple degree of freedom systems. Examples of good and bad vibration in engineering are provided. The introduction outlines mathematical modeling of vibration parameters and different vibration types like free, forced, discrete, continuous, damped, and undamped systems. It also distinguishes between linear and nonlinear vibration systems.
This document provides an introduction to mechanical vibrations. It defines key vibration concepts like frequency, amplitude, and phase. The goals of vibration engineering are to suppress unwanted vibration and generate desired vibration. The course will examine vibration response using different modeling approaches, including single and multiple degree of freedom systems. Examples of good and bad vibration in engineering are provided. The introduction outlines mathematical modeling of vibration parameters and different vibration types like free, forced, discrete, continuous, damped, and undamped systems. It also distinguishes between linear and nonlinear vibration systems.
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 18
Lecture1 –
I n t r o d u c t i o n t o Vi b r a t i o n s M E 5 5 1 4 – M e c h a n i c a l Vi b r a t i o n s
DR . OU MAR BAR RY 2022 What is vibration? • Vibrations:oscillations of a system about an equilbrium position.
• Frequency: rate of vibration cycles
• Amplitude: peak magnitude of cyclic motions
• Phase: relative timing of one vibration signal wrt another
• Resonance: natural frequency matches with excitation frequency which leads to
undesirable amplitude
01 / Introduction Goal and Study Areas • Goal of vibration engineering • Suppress/eradicate bad vibration • Generate desired forms and levels of good vibration
• Areas of Study • Modeling and Analysis • Design and Modification • Structural Health Monitoring • Experimentation • Control
01 / Introduction What is this course about?
• We will examine vibration response in several
different levels of modelling. • Review single degree of freedom systems (SDOF) • Lumped multiple degree of freedom systems (MDOF) • Distributed mass systems
01 / Introduction Applicable Engineering Field • Civil and structural engineering: proper design of bridges, overhead transmission lines to avoid catastrophic self-excited vibration
• Aerospace engineering: analyze and avoid excitation resonance by engine and atmospheric excitation
• Mechanical engineering: reduced vehicle vibration for improving ride quality and comfort and reducing maintenance and repair
• Electrical/computer engineering: proper hardware design to avoid malfunction (e.g.
01 / Introduction Good Vibration • Musical instrument, vehicle suspension system, physiotherapy application, energy harvesting
01 / Introduction What we hope to achieve in this class is: • Understand how to analyze vibration using dynamic principles. • Understand vibrations • Know how to analyze vibrations • Predict vibrations • Using our models we hope to understand: • Concepts of natural frequencies (eigenvalues)? • What are Mode shapes (eigenvectors)? • What happens when we have a Forced Response? • The concept of Resonance • What happens when we have multiple degrees of freedom? 01 / Introduction Tools you will need for this class. • Mathematics: • Differential equation • Linear Algebra • System Dynamics • Software • MatLab (Mathematica, etc) • You will need to use these program in order to solve homework problems and the project • You will also need to attach the code to your HM • Word / LaTex • You will have to turn in your assignments in a printed format using word/latex.
01 / Introduction Mathematical Modeling
01 / Introduction Vibration Parameters All mechanical systems can be modeled by three components: spring, damper, mass Free Vibration • If a system, after an initial disturbance is left to vibrate on its own, the ensuing vibration is known as free vibration. • No external force acts on the system. The oscillation of a simple Pendulum is an example of free vibration. • The frequency is called natural frequency, and the form of the vibration is called mode shapes
01 / Introduction to free vibration
Forced Vibration • If a system is subjected to an external force (often a repeating type of force; e.g: earthquake, wind, engine), the resulting vibration is known as forced vibration. • If the frequency of the external force coincides with one of the natural frequencies of the system, a condition known as resonance occurs, and the system undergoes dangerously large oscillations. • Failures of such structures as buildings, bridges, turbines, and airplane wings have been associated with occurrence of resonance.
01 / Introduction Discrete vs. Continuous system • Discrete system: practical system described as finite number of DOF • Continuous system: infinite number of DOF How many dof???
01 / Introduction Damped vs Undamped Vibration • Undamped vibration: no energy is lost or dissipated in friction or other resistance during oscillation • Damped vibration: Loss or dissipation of energy • All real systems dissipate energy when they vibrate. To account for this we must consider damping. The most simple form of damping (from a mathematical point of view) is called viscous damping. A viscous damper (or dashpot) produces a force that is proportional to velocity
01 / Introduction Linear vs. Nonlinear Vibration • Linear Vibrations: all the basic components of a vibratory system‐the spring, the mass, and the damper, behave linearly. The differential equations are linear. Therefore, the principle of superposition holds. • Nonlinear vibration: one of the basic components behaves nonlinearly. The differential equations that govern the behaviour are non‐linear. Principle of superposition doesn’t hold.
01 / Introduction Equation of Motion for Single DOF
01 / SECTION TITLE Summary of Simple Harmonic Motion
