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    Chapter 16-Macro-Etching-Examination

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    BARCELON, CHRISTOPHER JAMES
    This document discusses macro-etching, a technique used in serial number restoration. It involves applying chemical solutions to metal surfaces to reveal serial numbers that have been erased or altered. Common chemicals used target specific metals like iron, aluminum, and lead. The process works by exploiting molecular disturbances left beneath serial numbers, allowing etched reagents to react faster with imprinted areas and restore the numbers. Proper cleaning, polishing, and photographing of affected areas is important before applying reagents in an attempt to restore obliterated identification marks.

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    Chapter 16-Macro-Etching-Examination

    Uploaded by

    BARCELON, CHRISTOPHER JAMES
    411 views10 pages
    This document discusses macro-etching, a technique used in serial number restoration. It involves applying chemical solutions to metal surfaces to reveal serial numbers that have been erased or altered. Common chemicals used target specific metals like iron, aluminum, and lead. The process works by exploiting molecular disturbances left beneath serial numbers, allowing etched reagents to react faster with imprinted areas and restore the numbers. Proper cleaning, polishing, and photographing of affected areas is important before applying reagents in an attempt to restore obliterated identification marks.

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    CHAPTER 16-MACRO-ETCHING-EXAMINATION

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    This document discusses macro-etching, a technique used in serial number restoration. It involves applying chemical solutions to metal surfaces to reveal serial numbers that have been erased or altered. Common chemicals used target specific metals like iron, aluminum, and lead. The process works by exploiting molecular disturbances left beneath serial numbers, allowing etched reagents to react faster with imprinted areas and restore the numbers. Proper cleaning, polishing, and photographing of affected areas is important before applying reagents in an attempt to restore obliterated identification marks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    411 views10 pages

    Chapter 16-Macro-Etching-Examination

    Uploaded by

    BARCELON, CHRISTOPHER JAMES
    This document discusses macro-etching, a technique used in serial number restoration. It involves applying chemical solutions to metal surfaces to reveal serial numbers that have been erased or altered. Common chemicals used target specific metals like iron, aluminum, and lead. The process works by exploiting molecular disturbances left beneath serial numbers, allowing etched reagents to react faster with imprinted areas and restore the numbers. Proper cleaning, polishing, and photographing of affected areas is important before applying reagents in an attempt to restore obliterated identification marks.

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    MACRO-ETCHING

    EXAMINATION
    CHAPTER 16
    MACRO-ETCHING
     Also known as Acid – etching method
     A technique employed in number restoration which
    involves the application of chemical solution on the
    metal surface where the serial number is normally
    located.
    Chemicals/ Reagents used in Macro –
    etching Examination

    1. For iron and steel:


    Cupric Chloride + Hydrochloride Acid + Water
    2. For aluminum:
    Nitric Acid + Water
    3. For lead:
    Glacial acetic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
    Number Restoration
     When a letter or number is stamped into a metal surface, a
    molecular disturbance occurs beneath the visible portion of the
    letter or number erased.

    Serial Number
     A series of number that is punched or pressed into a particular
    object/material to distinguish that object from one another.
     A serial number is sometimes preceded with or followed by letters
    and symbols.
    Serial Number Restoration
     Firearms are “ stamped”
    with an identification
    serial number. These
    numbers are linked to the
    buyer of the firearm.
     Identification numbers are
    usually etched on the
    metal body, frame or plate
    of the gun.
     Many times, criminals
    “erase” the serial number
    and it has to be restored
    once the weapon is at the
    crime lab.
    Serial Number Restoration
     To restore a serial
    number that has been
    removed or obliterated,
    the area must be
    thoroughly cleaned and
    polished. An etching
    reagent is applied which
    will react with the
    strained area faster than
    the unaltered metal,
    allowing the numbers to
    appear.
    Types of Numbers

    1. Stamped Numbers – numbers that is pressed or


    punched into a metal surface.
    2. Engraved Numbers – number that is pressed
    intendedly using a electrical or mechanical gadget.
    3. Embossed Numbers – numbers that is raised from
    the surface.
    Preliminary Examination in number
    restoration
     Important points in the preliminary examination in number
    restoration:
    1. A careful search for the location of the serial number must
    be made before the start of the restoration process.
    2. Grease and oil must be removed using gasoline, alcohol,
    etc.
    3. Clean or polish the area using sandpaper.
    4. Photograph the effected area.
    Spot detection of tampered/obliterated
    serial number:
    1. Presence of any sign of welding surrounding the serial number.
    2. Presence of several scratches and filing marks on the serial surface.
    3. Presence of any sign of concavity on the serial number surface.
    4. Presence of any difference in the style of letters and numbers.
    5. Appearance of fragmentary marks which could not be properly identified
    because part of it is superimposed by letters and numbers.
    6. Presence of any difference in the spacing of individual letters and numbers.
    7. Disalignment of letters and numbers.
    8. Absence of one or more letters before, in between or after a
    set of sequential numbers.
    9. Letters and numbers are stamped on places where the serial
    is normally located.
    10. Sizes of letters and numbers are sharper and coarser than
    the others.
    11. Presence of any irregularities in the depth of individual
    letters and numbers.
    12. Model of the vehicle in the chassis number does not tally
    with that of the rating plate.
    13. Absence of rating plate.
    14. Alteration of the production number.

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