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    Engineering Utilities 1

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    Julia Jaffa Chavez
    This document introduces some basic concepts of electricity including: 1. William Gilbert is considered the father of electricity. He published works on electric attraction and force in the late 16th century. 2. Atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons. Voltage, amps, watts, circuits, and resistance are key terms. 3. Resistance is influenced by the composition, cross-sectional area, length, and temperature of a conductor. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.

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    Engineering Utilities 1

    Uploaded by

    Julia Jaffa Chavez
    71 views16 pages
    This document introduces some basic concepts of electricity including: 1. William Gilbert is considered the father of electricity. He published works on electric attraction and force in the late 16th century. 2. Atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons. Voltage, amps, watts, circuits, and resistance are key terms. 3. Resistance is influenced by the composition, cross-sectional area, length, and temperature of a conductor. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.

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    Physics formulas

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    This document introduces some basic concepts of electricity including: 1. William Gilbert is considered the father of electricity. He published works on electric attraction and force in the late 16th century. 2. Atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons. Voltage, amps, watts, circuits, and resistance are key terms. 3. Resistance is influenced by the composition, cross-sectional area, length, and temperature of a conductor. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    71 views16 pages

    Engineering Utilities 1

    Uploaded by

    Julia Jaffa Chavez
    This document introduces some basic concepts of electricity including: 1. William Gilbert is considered the father of electricity. He published works on electric attraction and force in the late 16th century. 2. Atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons. Voltage, amps, watts, circuits, and resistance are key terms. 3. Resistance is influenced by the composition, cross-sectional area, length, and temperature of a conductor. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.

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    You are on page 1of 16

    ENGINEERING UTILITIES 1

    EU 1
    INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY

    • Electricity is a form of energy involving the flow of electrons


    Wiliam Gilbert

    Father of electricity
    English physicist
    Published:
    Electric Attraction
    Electric Force
    Theory

    • That, all matters made up of molecules


    • That, molecules are made up of atoms
    • That, atoms contains neutrons, electrons and protons
    • That, neutron is neutral. It is neither positive or negatively
    charged.
    • That, the electrons of an atom of any substance could be
    transformed into another atom.
    Definition of Terms

    • ION – A LOSS OR GAIN OF ONE OR MORE ELECTRONS


    • VOLT OR VOLTAGE - THE ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE
    • AMPHERE - THE STANDARD UNIT USED IN MEASURING THE
    STRENGTH OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT
    • WATT - IS THE RATE OR MEASURE OF POWER USED OR CONSUMED
    • CIRCUIT - REFERS TO THE WIRE INSTALLATIONS THAT SUPPLY
    CURRENT TO LIGHT AND CONVENIENT OUTLETS
    Definition of Terms

    • RESISTANCE - THE FRICTION OR OPPOSITION TO THE FLOW OF


    CURRENT BY THE WIRES AND TRANSFORMERS
    Factors that Influences Conductor Resistance

    •Composition of the Conductor - This refers to a conductor


    having free electrons that has low resistance.
    •Cross Sectional Area of Wire - The bigger the cross-sectional
    area of wire, the lower its resistance.
    •Length of Wire - The longer the wire, the higher resistance.
    •Temperature - Metal offers high resistance to high temperature
    (heat).
    Electric current

    • Electric Current is the flow or rate of flow of electric force in a conductor. A


    current will only flow if a circuit is formed comprising a complete loop and
    contains all the following required components.
    • 1. Source of voltage
    • 2. A closed loop of wiring
    • 3. An electric load
    • 4. A means of opening and closing the circuit
    ELECTRIC CURENT IS CLASIFFIED AS:

    • Direct Current (DC) flows in one direction.The flow is said to be


    from negative to positive.
    • Alternating Current (AC) electricity constantly reverses its
    direction of flow. It is generated by machine called generator.
    DC ELECTRICITY

    • OHM’S LAW - ( V = IR )
    where:
    I = current (amp or a)
    V = voltage
    R = resistance for DC electricity
    AC Electricity,Ohms law

    • V = IZ
    where:
    I = current (amp or a)
    V = voltage
    Z = impedance
    Comparison of AC and DC electricity

    • DC - Power is the product of voltage and current

    • AC - the product of volts and amperes is equal to the quantity


    called volt-ampere
    OHM’S LAW

    • George Simon Ohm (1926)


    German scientist

    • Law states that “The higher the voltage, the larger the current,
    and the higher the resistance, the lower the current"
    V = IR

    • The relationship between the current, voltage and resistance is


    presented in the following equations known as the Ohms Law.
    Where:
    I = Current flow (amperes)
    V = Electromotive force (volts)
    R = Resistance (Ohms
    Example

    • Example 1:
    Determine the current flow in a circuit having a resistance of 5 ohm
    on 120 volts and 240 volts current supply
    Example

    • Example 2:
    A circuit has resistance of 20 Ohms and the current flows at 12
    amperes. Determine the voltage

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