Denmark Planning

DENMAR J E R IM E C .
V ID A D
K
TOWN PLANNING B R YA N U G A L D E
REPORT
LOCATIO
N
The capital city of Denmark.
Copenhagen is situated on the eastern
coast of the island of Zealand another
small portion of the city is located on
Amager.
CLIMAT
E
Copenhagen is in the oceanic climate
zone.
Its weather is subject to low-pressure systems

from the Atlantic –unstable conditions.
Summer – July warmest month (Av. temp.

– 21 deg. Celsius)
Winter – snowfall from December end to
early March.
COPENHAGEN
STATISTICS
•City Population: 502,362(2004)
•City Area: 221,712acres
•Density Level: 23people/ acre
•Park Acreage: 6,143
•Park acre age per 1000 residents: 1.2 Acres
•Governing bodies:
–City of Copenhagen
–Greater Copenhagen
–Authority
CITY
HISTORY
Originally a Viking fishing village founded in the 10th century, Copenhagen became the
capital of Denmark in the early 15th century. Beginning in the 17th century it
consolidated its position as a regional centre of power with its institutions, defences
and armed forces. After suffering from the effects of plague and fire in the 18th century,
the city underwent a period of redevelopment. This included construction of the
prestigious district of Frederiksstaden and founding of such cultural institutions as the
Royal Theatre and the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. After further disasters in the early
19th century when Nelson attacked the Dano-Norwegian fleet and bombarded the city,
rebuilding during the Danish Golden Age brought a Neoclassical look to Copenhagen's
architecture. Later, following the Second World War, the Finger Plan fostered the
development of housing and businesses along the five urban railway routes stretching
out from the city centre.
CITY
ARCHITECTURE
Sometimes referred to as"the City of Spires", Copenhagen is known for its
horizontal skyline, broken only by the spires and towers of its churches and
castles. Most characteristic of all is the Baroque spire of the Church of Our
Saviour with its narrowing external spiral stairway that visitors can climb to
the top.
The city's appearance today is shaped by the key role it has played as a
regional centre for centuries. Copenhagen has a multitude of districts,
each with its distinctive character and representing its own period. Other
distinctive features of Copenhagen include the abundance of water,its
manyparks,and the bicycle paths that line most streets.
P L A N N IN G O F T H E C IT Y
In 1947, the Danish architects and town planners Peter Bredsdorff and
Sten EilerRasmussen and their team presented a new vision for the urban development
of greater Copenhagen
The front page of the plan visualised the future urban areas as a hand – the palm resting on the
existing compact city centre, and the fingers pointing along future cities, draped on
infrastructural corridors that radiated in five directions from the centre
The planwas logically nicknamed “The Finger Plan”.
MA
P
FINGER
PLAN
DISTRICT
PLAN
LAND USE
PLAN
ROAD
NETWORK
P R I N C I P L ES OF FINGER PLAN
1.The public should have easy access to infrastructural facilities such as green spaces, bike
paths, commuter trains and motorways.
2.People should have the possibility to enjoy forests and lakes, agricultural
landscapes, rivers, streams and still benefit from the close
proximityto the city centre.
3.The form of the Five Finger Plan makes traffic and transportation of people and goods
a much easier task.
4.The Five Finger Plan has steered growth for almost 60years
i)The Plan is still the basis of all regional planning- almost 60 years
old.expecting ii)growth of inhabitants>10.000people/year in next20 years.
iii)add75,000homes
iv)extendorthicken“fingers“–w/samedegree of infrastructural facilities.
PUBLIC PLACES
1.KINGS GARDEN:
Rosenborg Castle Gardens is the oldest and most visited park. Established
in the early 17th century as the private gardens of King Christian IV's
Rosenborg Castle, the park also contains several other historical
buildings, including Rosenborg Barracks, home to the Royal Guards, as
well as a high number of statues and monuments. The park also plays
host to temporary art exhibitions and other events such asconcerts
throughoutthe summer.
PUBLIC PLACES
2. NATIONAL MUSEUM OF DENMARK:
It is the largest museum of cultural history, comprising the histories of

Danish and foreign cultures, alike. The museum's main building is
located a short distance from Strøget at the centre of Copenhagen. It
contains exhibits from around the world
TRANSPORTATION IN
COPENHAGEN
ROAD NETWORK
Copenhagen has a large network of toll-free motorways and public roads connecting
different municipalities of the city together and to Northern Europe. As in many other
cities in Europe traffic is increasing in Copenhagen. The radial arterial roads
leading to Copenhagen city centre are critically congested during peak hours.
In October 2011, heated, political talks of plans about road tolls around Copenhagen in
order to combat the car congestion and improve the air quality arose. Discussions were
abandonedin February 2012 due to disagreement of the physical locations of the toll road
boundaries and political deadlock.
ROAD
NETWOR
K
TRANSPORTATION IN COPENHAGEN
BICYCLING TRACKS
Copenhagen is known as one of the most bicycle-friendly cities in the world. Every day
1.1 million km are bicycled in Copenhagen.
The city's bicycle paths and cycle tracks are extensive and well used. Bicycle paths are
often separated from the main traffic lanes and sometimes have their own signal
systems, giving the cyclists a lead of a couple of seconds to accelerate.
The municipality is also developing a system of interconnected green bicycle routes,
greenways, the aim being to facilitate fast, safe, and pleasant bicycle transport from one
end of the city to the other. The network will cover more than 100 km (62 mi) and will
have 22 routes when finished. The city provides public bicycles which can be found
throughout the downtown area.
PUBLIC BICYCLES: The bicycle sharing system was launched
in 1995 with 1,000 cycles, the project was the world's first
organized large-scale urban bike-sharing scheme, featured
what are now considered basic elements such as coin
deposit, fixed stands and specially designed bikes with parts
that cannot be used on other bikes.
S-TRAIN
The S-train network is a metro like urban rapid transit network mainly serving the urban Copenhagen
area. It connects the city centre and inner boroughs with the outer boroughs of Copenhagen.
AsofJanuary2009thereare 170 km of dual track and 84 S-train stati ons, of which eight are in
neighbouring towns outside greater Copenhagen. The system has four main lines, and their tracks are
fully separated from all other traffi c. Parts are underground, other parts elevated, and some parts run in
cutti ngs. Each line operates at a frequency of six trains per hour throughout the day. Through the city
centre, however, where three of the four lines converge,trainscanbeas oftenaseverytwoor three minutes.
The fourth line, takes another path through the city andhasan operati ng frequency of 12 trains perhour.
The S-Train system is the main rail transport in Copenhagen. In the 1990s it was decided to complement
the S-Trains with a Metro system.
AIRPORT
Copenhagen Airport is thema in airport serving Copenhagen. It is the

largest in Scandinavia and the 17th largest in Europe. Located in Kastrup
on the island ofAmager.
Its location also makes it the most important international airport for
large parts of southern Sweden. Copenhagen Airport is a major hub for
SAS and Norwegian, and along with around 60 other airlines.
HARBOUR
Copenhagen has four lines of waterbuses, known as the Copenhagen

Harbour Buses, serving ten water bus stops
The harbour of Copenhagen has largely lost its industrial importance. In

2001, Copenhagen Harbour as an organisation merged with the harbour in
Malmöto create Copenhagen-Malmö Port. It has several functions, the most
important being as a major cruise destination.
Significant Buildings Worth Seeing
in Denmark
Mountain
Dwellings
(MTN)
Mountain Dwellings (MTN), designed by the firm BIG (Bjarke Ingels Group), in Ørestad. MTN’s site skirts rail
tracks, and zoning required a strict ratio of two-thirds parking to one-third living. Housing is distributed over 11
south-facing staircase levels, and each apartment is a penthouse with a roof garden. Irrigation drains into a
collective underground water tank.
The Buried
Church
This church of St. Lawrence, who is considered by some to be the

guardian of seafarers, was no match for the ravages of inland
foes.
Every year the sand dunes move approximately 49 feet east,
encompassing all that lies in their path and leaving behind
IT University of
Copenhagen
Situated to the south of Copenhagen’s center, in the town of Ørestad, the IT University is one of
several buildings in an area of exciting architecture that includes Jean Nouvel’s Danish
Broadcasting Corporation television studios and concert hall as well as the residential houses
designed by Steven Holl. This architectural star-studded promenade lies within easy reach of the
sea, the main airport, the metro system, and the protected green site of Amager Common.
Århus Town
Hall
In 1937 Arne Jacobsen and Erik Møller were chosen by Århus town council to create what turned out to be one of the most
celebrated and innovative buildings of 20th-century Danish architecture. Despite World War II and the Nazi occupation, their town
hall was inaugurated in 1941; it was marked for preservation due to its unique design in 1994.
The last building to be designed by Pritzker
Prize winner Jørn Utzon who’s most noted as
the architect of Sydney Opera House in
Australia, the Utzon Center was a
collaboration with his son Kim Utzon. The
Utzon Center, inaugurated the year that Utzon
died in 2008, is in the city where he grew up.
Jørn Utzon envisioned the center as a
cultural spot, rather than as a museum,
where people of all ages and not just
architects or students could access the
knowledge of architecture and design.
The Utzon
Center,
Aalborg
Vejle, a town located in the Jutland Peninsula at
the head of the Vejle Fjord, is particularly scenic
thanks to its rolling hills and magnificent
waterfront by the Bay of Skyttehusbugten. In
2006, Henning Larsen Architects began
constructing a 100-apartment and 151,000
square-foot residential complex on the
waterfront along Vejle Inlet. Their architectural
vision of five consecutive wave-shaped towers
was interrupted by the global recession of 2008,
and construction came to a halt after the
completion of two towers in 2009. The
remaining three towers were completed in 2018
by the firm, after the passing of Larsen in 2013.
Today the five towers of The Wave stand as an
architectural tribute to the Vejle landscape.
Bølgen (The Wave), Vejle
While the creatures that inhabit aquariums
are usually spectacular, the buildings
themselves mostly fall short of the mark. But
that is certainly not true of the National
Aquarium Denmark. It was first established
as Denmark’s Aquarium in 1939 and delighted
visitors for more than 73 years. By the mid-
1990s it became clear that despite many
extensions, Denmark needed a new venue for
the aquarium.
Den Blå Planet (National Aquarium), Kastrup

smoke and gas be a tourist
attraction? Architect Bjarke
Ingels believed it could be
and showed us how it’s
The Amager done.
Bakke Power
Station, located in a former
industrial zone of Amager
island in Copenhagen,
combines public utility and
unique fun. Designed by
Bjarke Ingels Group and built
in 2017, the waste-to-energy
plant burns trash in two
huge incinerators to Copenhill Amager Bakke
produce heat for about
140,000 households. Also,
Power Station, Amager,
its roof is an artificial ski Copenhagen

Denmark Planning

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DENMAR J E R IM E C .

Its weather is subject to low-pressure systems

Summer – July warmest month (Av. temp.

It is the largest museum of cultural history, comprising the histories of

Copenhagen Airport is thema in airport serving Copenhagen. It is the

Copenhagen has four lines of waterbuses, known as the Copenhagen

The harbour of Copenhagen has largely lost its industrial importance. In

This church of St. Lawrence, who is considered by some to be the

Den Blå Planet (National Aquarium), Kastrup

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