Globalization of Indian Business

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Learning outcome

• Develop the ability to list specific things that


we can do to maximize the potential of
globalization while minimizing its deleterious
effects.
Liberalization

• Liberalization refers to relaxation of


government restrictions in areas of economic
policies. Thus, when government liberalizes
trade it means it has removed the tariff and
other restrictions on the flow of goods and
service between countries.
Privatization
• It is the increment of the dominating role of
private sector companies and the reduced role
of public sector companies.
• In other words, it is the reduction
of ownership of the management of a
government-owned enterprise.
What is Globalization?

• Worldwide integration of economic, financial, trade, and


communication activities.
• Interconnectedness of different markets.
• IMF – “the growing economic interdependence of countries world-
wide through increasing volume and a variety of cross-border
transactions in goods and services and of international capital flows
and also through the more rapid and widespread diffusion of
technology”
………
• Thus, it means to integrate the economy of
one country with the global economy.
• During Globalization the main focus is on
foreign trade and institutional foreign
investment.
Features of Globalization
a) Operating & expanding businesses globally.
b) Erasing the difference between domestic and foreign market.
c) Trading of goods & services between countries.
d) Establishing manufacturing & distribution facilities in different countries
based on feasibility and validity.
e) Sourcing of factors of production, globally.
f) Global orientation in strategies, organizational culture, structure and
managerial expertise.
g) Setting the mind & attitude towards entire globe as a single market place.
Boeing 787
• Its wings and batteries come from
Japan.
• Its wing tips come from South Korea.
• India is the source of its floor beams.
• The front fuselage is made in the USA
and Japan.
• The center fuselage and horizontal
stabilizers are from Italy.
• Landing gear and doors? France.
• Cargo access doors are built in Sweden.
• The movable trailing edge of the wings
are from Canada.
• Thrust reversers come from Mexico.
• Its engines come from either General
Electric in the US or Rolls-Royce in the
UK.
□H&M is is a Swedish multinational clothing company
headquartered in Stockholm, product development
company in Australia, Call center company in New
Zealand, the Accounting company in Australia,
Distribution company in Singapore and
Manufacturing company in Malaysia.
Advantages Disadvantages

• Easy availability of international • Poorer countries are sometimes


brands. at disadvantage.

• Better job opportunities for • Exploitation of foreign

skilled labours. impoverished workers.

• Greater business opportunities. • The shift to service sector.

• Bigger customer base. • Weak labour unions.


• Majorly mediated according to
• Easy accessibility to cheap
corporate interest.
factors of production.
• Awareness of different cultures,
internationally.
Quiz
• Which of the following interrelated factors
didn’t drive globalization in the recent past
are:
(a) Increased international trade.
(b) The growth of multinational corporations
(c) The internationalization of finance
(d) Rise in percentage of female population
Role of Globalization in Covid
Responses

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